Article
Neurosciences
Syed M. Adil, Evan Calabrese, Lefko T. Charalambous, James J. Cook, Shervin Rahimpour, Ahmet F. Atik, Gary P. Cofer, Beth A. Parente, G. Allan Johnson, Shivanand P. Lad, Leonard E. White
Summary: This study successfully constructed an atlas of the human brainstem using high-resolution MRI technology, which is available online for interactive use, providing a new tool for neuroanatomical education and research.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fengzhao Zhu, Yulong Wang, Xiangchuang Kong, Yuan Liu, Lian Zeng, Xirui Jing, Sheng Yao, Kaifang Chen, Lian Yang, Xiaodong Guo
Summary: The combination of conventional MRI with DTI-DTT is a valid diagnostic approach for acute traumatic cervical SCI. Lower intramedullary lesion length and intramedullary hemorrhage length, and higher fractional anisotropy value and connection rates of fiber tractography are linked to better neurological outcomes.
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Si-ping Luo, Fan-fan Chen, Han-wen Zhang, Fan Lin, Guo-dong Huang, Yi Lei
Summary: This study used DSI to quantitatively study the changes in the trigeminal cistern segment in patients with TN and found significant reductions in quantitative parameters on the affected side compared to the unaffected side. DSI, with its high-resolution fiber tracking technology, can provide valuable information about the integrity of trigeminal white matter in TN patients.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
J. J. Levitt, F. Zhang, M. Vangel, P. G. Nestor, Y. Rathi, M. Kubicki, M. E. Shenton, L. J. O'Donnell
Summary: The study analyzed the brain wiring between the frontal cortex and caudate in 100 young adult healthy subjects using dMRI scans. It found that the wiring pattern deviates from a strictly topographic organization due to significant convergence in regionally specific fiber clusters, originating from subregions of ventrolateral, dorsolateral, and orbitofrontal prefrontal cortex. This deviation suggests a regionally specific pattern of cluster convergence in the brain wiring.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fengzhao Zhu, Lian Zeng, Shan Gui, Yuan Liu, Yulong Wang, Xiaojian Cao, Haodong Lin, Lian Yang, Xiangchuang Kong, Xiaodong Guo
Summary: The study indicated that FA values and CRFT may be related to the prognosis of complete thoracolumbar SCI, and the improvement of AIS grades is positively correlated with FA values and CRFT.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Xueyuan Wang, Xianglong Liu, Meiying Cheng, Desheng Xuan, Xin Zhao, Xiaoan Zhang
Summary: This study used diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) to explore the changing patterns of white matter and gray matter during neonatal brain development. The DKI metrics were measured and analyzed, showing positive correlations with the age at the time of brain MRI acquisition. The DKI parameters showed potential advantages in detecting changes in brain microstructure during neonatal brain development.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yingying Guo, Xi Yang, Zilong Yuan, Jianfeng Qiu, Weizhao Lu
Summary: This study applied diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and generalized q-sampling imaging (GQI) model to predict brain age and found that the DTI model was more accurate in age prediction compared to the GQI model. In addition, the fractional anisotropy (FA) metric from the DTI model was more sensitive to age-related white matter changes in the brain and could be used as white matter biomarkers in aging.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tzu-Hsin Huang, Ming-Chi Lai, Yu-Shiue Chen, Chin-Wei Huang
Summary: This review focuses on the fundamentals of DWI and its associated techniques, such as apparent diffusion coefficient, diffusion tensor imaging, and tractography, as well as their impact on epilepsy in terms of differential diagnosis, epileptic foci determination, and prognosis prediction.
Article
Neurosciences
Tomoko Sakai, Junichi Hata, Yuta Shintaku, Hiroki Ohta, Kazumi Sogabe, Susumu Mori, Takako Miyabe-Nishiwaki, Hirotaka James Okano, Yuzuru Hamada, Toshiyuki Hirabayashi, Takafumi Minamimoto, Norihiro Sadato, Hideyuki Okano, Kenichi Oishi
Summary: Comparing the neuroanatomical features of the brain in humans, our evolutionary relatives, and nonhuman primates is crucial for understanding the human brain system and the neural basis of mental and neurological disorders. Research on various species of nonhuman primates is necessary to elucidate the diversity of neuroanatomy features among humans and nonhuman primates. A data-repository of anatomical images obtained using MRI of postmortem brain samples has been developed, and T2-weighted and diffusion tensor images of nine species have been released, contributing to scientific discoveries and promoting animal ethics, animal welfare, and conservation efforts.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Alexander Rau, Pia M. Jungmann, Thierno D. Diallo, Marco Reisert, Elias Kellner, Michel Eisenblaetter, Fabian Bamberg, Matthias Jung
Summary: Quantitative MRI techniques, such as diffusion microstructure imaging (DMI), can provide additional information about muscular function and microstructure, potentially serving as a potential biomarker for young athletes.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sung-Ho Jang, Min-Jye Cho
Summary: This review paper discusses the application of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) in the diagnosis of traumatic axonal injury (TAI) in individuals with concussion or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). While several hundred DTI-based studies have reported TAI in concussion or mTBI, there are fewer case studies focusing on individual patients. The summary of these studies suggests that DTI can be used as a non-invasive tool for determining the presence and severity of TAI in individual patients with concussion or mTBI. However, certain conditions need to be met for an accurate diagnosis, and further studies are required to improve the precision of TAI diagnosis in individual patients.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Alexis Reymbaut, Alex Valcourt Caron, Guillaume Gilbert, Filip Szczepankiewicz, Markus Nilsson, Simon K. Warfield, Maxime Descoteaux, Benoit Scherrer
Summary: Diffusion tensor imaging provides increased sensitivity to microstructural tissue changes compared to conventional anatomical imaging, but presents limited specificity. To address this issue, the DIAMOND model subdivides voxel content into diffusion compartments and estimates compartmental non-central matrix-variate Gamma distributions of diffusion tensors. Incorporating tensor-valued diffusion encoding, the Magic DIAMOND model demonstrates improved accuracy in estimating brain microstructural features, particularly in regions of fiber crossing.
MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
He Chen, Yanyan Xu, Wei Wang, Ruifen Deng, Zhaoqing Li, Sheng Xie, Jinsong Jiao
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the use of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in the diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and found that DTI of lumbosacral nerve roots has good diagnostic accuracy in patients with DPN.
Article
Pediatrics
Laura A. Santos, Brendan Sullivan, Ola Kvist, Sachin Jambawalikar, Sogol Mostoufi-Moab, Jose M. Raya, Jie Nguyen, Diana Marin, Jorge Delgado, Rumana Tokaria, Ronald R. Nelson Jr, Bamidele Kammen, Diego Jaramillo
Summary: The physis, or growth plate, is important for longitudinal growth of long bones. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a technique used to depict tissue microstructure using the anisotropic motion of water molecules. This article highlights the value of DTI as a clinical tool by presenting DTI tractography of the physeal-metaphyseal complex in normal growth, as well as variations in qualitative and quantitative tractography metrics with age and skeletal location. It also discusses the use of DTI in patients with physeal dysfunction and injury.
PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Kathryn E. Anderssen, Mathias Kranz, Shaheen Syed, Svein Kristian Stormo
Summary: This study investigates the use of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a quantitative method to describe the structure of muscle tissue in meat and seafood. The results show that DTI can effectively distinguish between different sample qualities and detect changes caused by freezing and thawing damage.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Courtney P. Gilchrist, Deanne K. Thompson, Bonnie Alexander, Claire E. Kelly, Karli Treyvaud, Lillian G. Matthews, Leona Pascoe, Diana Zannino, Rosemary Yates, Chris Adamson, Mary Tolcos, Jeanie L. Y. Cheong, Terrie E. Inder, Lex W. Doyle, Angela Cumberland, Peter J. Anderson
Summary: This study aimed to compare the developmental trajectories of corticolimbic regions in very preterm (VP) children with and without anxiety diagnosis at 13 years. The results showed that VP children with anxiety disorders displayed altered trajectories in whole brain and specific regions compared to VP children without anxiety. These alterations mainly reflected slower growth in early childhood and did not persist after adjusting for total brain volume and social risk.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Rachel Robinson, Polina Girchenko, Anna Pulakka, Kati Heinonen, Anna Lahdepuro, Marius Lahti-Pulkkinen, Petteri Hovi, Marjaana Tikanmaki, Peter Bartmann, Aulikki Lano, Lex W. Doyle, Peter J. Anderson, Jeanie L. Y. Cheong, Brian A. Darlow, Lianne J. Woodward, L. John Horwood, Marit S. Indredavik, Kari Anne Evensen, Neil Marlow, Samantha Johnson, Marina Goulart de Mendonca, Eero Kajantie, Dieter Wolke, Katri Raikkonen
Summary: This study examined the differences in ADHD symptoms and diagnosis between preterm and term-born adults and found that while preterm adults may not report higher levels of ADHD symptoms, they have a higher risk of receiving an ADHD diagnosis in adulthood.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rebecca N. Brown, Leona Pascoe, Karli Treyvaud, Grace McMahon, Thi-Nhu-Ngoc Nguyen, Rachel Ellis, Paulina Stedall, Kristina Haebich, Simonne E. Collins, Jeanie Cheong, Lex W. Doyle, Deanne K. Thompson, Alice Burnett, Peter J. Anderson
Summary: This study found that sensitive parenting is positively associated with divided attention, while intrusive parenting is negatively associated with divided attention. Children born VP with higher social risk are more influenced by sensitive parenting and negatively influenced by intrusive parenting.
CHILD NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Paulina M. Stedall, Megan M. Spencer-Smith, Suncica Lah, Lex W. Doyle, Alicia J. Spittle, Alice C. Burnett, Peter J. Anderson
Summary: This study examined episodic and prospective memory functioning in children born very preterm (VP) compared to term-born children. The results showed that VP children performed worse on verbal and visuospatial episodic memory tests, as well as time-based and short-term prospective memory tasks. Parents of VP children also reported more everyday memory difficulties. This highlights the importance of monitoring and addressing memory challenges in children born very preterm.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Lex William Doyle, Sarath Ranganathan, Jeanie Cheong
Summary: The study investigates the independent associations between bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and reduced expiratory airflow in children born extremely preterm. The results show that moderate-severe BPD, but not mild BPD, is independently associated with reduced expiratory airflow at 8 years of age. Other factors like gestational age and birth weight z-score were not found to be associated with expiratory airflow.
Article
Neurosciences
Courtney P. Gilchrist, Claire E. Kelly, Angela Cumberland, Thijs Dhollander, Karli Treyvaud, Katherine Lee, Jeanie L. Y. Cheong, Lex W. Doyle, Terrie E. Inder, Deanne K. Thompson, Mary Tolcos, Peter J. Anderson
Summary: In this study, a fixel-based analysis framework was used to examine white matter microstructural and macrostructural correlates of internalizing and externalizing problems in very preterm and full-term children at 7 and 13 years. At age 7, reductions in fiber-bundle cross-section, fiber density and cross-section, and tract-specific reductions in fiber density were related to more internalizing and externalizing symptoms in both groups. At age 13, fixel-based measures were not related to internalizing symptoms, while tract-specific reductions in fiber density, fiber-bundle cross-section, and fiber density and cross-section measures were related to more externalizing symptoms in the full-term group.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Megan Spencer-Smith, Amber Weinman, Jon Quach, Leona Pascoe, Fiona Mensah, Melissa Wake, Gehan Roberts, Peter J. Anderson
Article
Pediatrics
Rocco Cuzzilla, Frances M. Cowan, Sheryle Rogerson, Peter J. Anderson, Lex W. Doyle, Jeanie Ling Yoong Cheong, Alicia Spittle
Summary: This study aimed to explore the relationship between early postnatal cranial ultrasound (cUS) linear measures of brain size and brain growth and neurodevelopment at 2 years in infants born <30 weeks' gestational age (GA). The results showed that larger measures of brain tissue and fluid spaces within the first weeks after birth were related to better cognitive and language development at 2 years. However, further research is needed to investigate the relationship between early cUS linear measures and fluid spaces and later neurodevelopment.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emilyn Soon, Vanessa Siffredi, Peter J. Anderson, Vicki A. Anderson, Alissandra McIlroy, Richard J. Leventer, Amanda G. Wood, Megan M. Spencer-Smith
Summary: This study examined the differences in interference control and response inhibition between children with AgCC and typically developing children. It also explored the impact of different anatomical features of AgCC on these abilities. The results showed that children with AgCC had poorer performance in inhibitory control measures compared to TD children, and those with a complex AgCC had worse response inhibition performance than those with isolated AgCC. The study also found that the volume and microstructure of the anterior and posterior commissures may compensate for the absence of the corpus callosum, contributing to better inhibitory control outcomes.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Claire E. Kelly, Michelle Shaul, Deanne K. Thompson, Rheanna M. Mainzer, Joseph Y. M. Yang, Thijs Dhollander, Jeanie L. Y. Cheong, Terrie E. Inder, Lex W. Doyle, Peter J. Anderson
Summary: Early life experiences, such as very preterm birth, can have long-term effects on brain and cognitive development. This study synthesized previous research on brain structure in adults born very preterm (VP) and found volumetric, morphologic, and microstructural alterations in specific regions of the brain compared to controls. These findings suggest a persisting neurological impact of VP birth, which may provide insights into the development of cognition in high-risk populations.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Regine Cassandra Lau, Peter John Anderson, Joshua F. Wiley, Derek Huang, Faisha Surjatin, Paul Mcintosh, Susan Gathercole, Megan Spencer-Smith
Summary: This study aims to test the effects of working memory training on cognitive improvement in children, using different methods of difficulty setting and comparing with an active control group. The study uses experimental interventions and various assessment measures, providing valuable information for future research and design of cognitive training interventions.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Serge Didenko Vasylechko, Simon K. Warfield, Sila Kurugol, Onur Afacan
Summary: We present a generative model for synthesizing large-scale 3D datasets for quantitative mapping of myelin water fraction (MWF). Our model combines MR physics signal decay model with a probabilistic multi-component T2 model, and can be used to train CNN models for MWF estimation. Experimental results show that our synthetically trained CNN achieves superior accuracy compared to competing methods.
MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Jose Sanchez-Bornot, Roberto C. Sotero, J. A. Scott Kelso, Ozguer Simsek, Damien Coyle
Summary: This study proposes a multi-penalized state-space model for analyzing unobserved dynamics, using a data-driven regularization method. Novel algorithms are developed to solve the model, and a cross-validation method is introduced to evaluate regularization parameters. The effectiveness of this method is validated through simulations and real data analysis, enabling a more accurate exploration of cognitive brain functions.
