Review
Cell Biology
Fei Huang, Xiaojun Wu
Summary: Researches show that gut microbiota play a crucial role in neurotransmitter modulation in the brain, which is closely related to the pathophysiology of anxiety and depression.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Agoston Patthy, Janos Murai, Janos Hanics, Anna Pinter, Peter Zahola, Tomas G. M. Hokfelt, Tibor Harkany, Alan Alpar
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder for which an effective therapy has yet to be found. Research suggests that early damage to the ascending monoaminergic system in the brainstem may be an early sign and potential trigger of AD. In addition, cortical malfunction and local neurohistopathology are also related to the progression of AD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel J. Christoffel, Jessica J. Walsh, Paul Hoerbelt, Boris D. Heifets, Pierre Llorach, Ricardo C. Lopez, Charu Ramakrishnan, Karl Deisseroth, Robert C. Malenka
Summary: The study reveals that dopamine and serotonin modulate excitatory synaptic transmission in the nucleus accumbens in input-specific ways, influencing motivated behaviors differently. Endogenous release of DA and 5-HT, as well as optogenetic inhibition, alter the behavioral effects of drugs in distinct manners.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Seong W. Kang
Summary: Environmental light affects avian central nervous system through regulation of dopamine and serotonin activities, impacting reproductive function and stress-related behavior. The potential role of melanopsin in dual sensory-neurosecretory cells was discussed, suggesting its significance in light perception and physiological responses of birds, particularly in relation to reproductive activation. Further research on the functional role of melanopsin in various brain regions is needed, but it is an exciting prospect based on previous results supporting its importance in light-induced welfare of birds.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Rafael Appel Flores, Renata Steinbach, Joao A. B. Pedroso, Martin Metzger, Jose Donato, Marta Aparecida Paschoalini
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of pharmacological manipulation of alpha-adrenergic agonists in the dorsal raphe nucleus on food intake in satiated rats. Administration of noradrenaline, adrenaline, and clonidine into the DR increased food intake and decreased latency to start consumption in satiated rats. The data suggest that the hyperphagia induced by noradrenaline or adrenaline treatment depends on alpha-2 adrenoceptors activation and that clonidine injections impact neuronal activity in the arcuate nucleus.
Article
Neurosciences
Jacqueline K. Khamma, Daniel S. Copeland, Holly S. Hake, Stephanie C. Gantz
Summary: The activity of dorsal raphe neurons is controlled by noradrenaline afferents, which activate α1-adrenergic receptors to produce EPSC. The amplitude of the EPSC is influenced by the amount of noradrenaline released, while the decay time is not affected. The termination of EPSC is primarily mediated by reuptake via transporters.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jinxing Li, Yuxin Liu, Lei Yuan, Baibing Zhang, Estelle Spear Bishop, Kecheng Wang, Jing Tang, Yu-Qing Zheng, Wenhui Xu, Simiao Niu, Levent Beker, Thomas L. Li, Gan Chen, Modupeola Diyaolu, Anne-Laure Thomas, Vittorio Mottini, Jeffrey B. -H. Tok, James C. Y. Dunn, Bianxiao Cui, Sergiu P. Pasca, Yi Cui, Aida Habtezion, Xiaoke Chen, Zhenan Bao
Summary: Neurotransmitters play crucial roles in regulating neural circuit dynamics in the central and peripheral nervous systems, including the gastrointestinal tract. However, there is a lack of bioelectronic tools for real-time monitoring of neurotransmitter dynamics in vivo, especially in the enteric nervous system. In this study, the researchers developed a tissue-mimicking, stretchable neurochemical biological interface called NeuroString, which allows chronic in vivo real-time monitoring of monoamine levels in the brain and serotonin dynamics in the gut. This interface has the potential for studying the impact of neurotransmitters on gut microbes and brain-gut communication.
Review
Microbiology
Saba Miri, JuDong Yeo, Sarah Abubaker, Riadh Hammami
Summary: The gut microbiome, influenced by diet, xenobiotics, genetics, and other environmental factors, acts as a metabolic interactome that affects the host's nutrient absorption, metabolism, and immune system. It also produces a variety of neuroactive metabolites that can impact brain function and cognition. The correlation between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system has sparked a new field of research called neuromicrobiology. Although microbiome-targeted interventions are seen as promising treatments, the mechanisms underlying host-microbiome interactions need further exploration to inform evidence-based therapeutic applications.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Tiziana Carandini, Mara Cercignani, Daniela Galimberti, Elio Scarpini, Marco Bozzali
Summary: Dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin play crucial roles in the interaction between the nervous and immune systems by binding to cell-receptors and regulating their function. Dysregulation of monoamines may contribute to fatigue and depression in Multiple Sclerosis, with potential for targeted drug treatments.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Gunasingh Jeyaraj Masilamoni, Allison Weinkle, Stella M. Papa, Yoland Smith
Summary: This study found decreased serotonergic and catecholaminergic innervation in the frontal cortex at early stages of Parkinson's disease. The use of MPTP-treated monkeys as animal models revealed that these changes may contribute to early non-motor symptoms in PD.
Article
Neurosciences
Yukio Ago, Rei Yokoyama, Satoshi Asano, Hitoshi Hashimoto
Summary: The antidepressant effects of ketamine may be related to both the dopaminergic system and the serotonergic system, while the effects of (R)-ketamine may be independent of the monoaminergic system. Ketamine metabolites differ in their ability to regulate monoamine neurotransmitters, and some metabolites may share common serotonergic signaling mechanisms with ketamine.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maria Arnoriaga-Rodriguez, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, Oren Contreras-Rodriguez, Aurelijus Burokas, Juan-Antonio Ortega-Sanchez, Gerard Blasco, Claudia Coll, Carles Biarnes, Anna Castells-Nobau, Josep Puig, Josep Garre-Olmo, Rafel Ramos, Salvador Pedraza, Ramon Brugada, Joan C. Vilanova, Joaquin Serena, Jordi Barretina, Jordi Gich, Vicente Perez-Brocal, Andres Moya, Xavier Fernandez-Real, Lluis Ramio-Torrenta, Reinald Pamplona, Joaquim Sol, Mariona Jove, Wifredo Ricart, Manuel Portero-Otin, Rafael Maldonado, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real
Summary: The study revealed the relationship between inhibitory control and obesity, as well as the interactions between gut microbiota, metabolomics, and brain structure. Metabolic pathway alterations associated with obesity were found to be linked to inhibitory control, and results were validated in mice through fecal microbiota transplantation.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Kristi Liiver, Sophie Imbeault, Marianna Skolnaja, Tanel Kaart, Margus Kanarik, Karita Laugus, Jade De Wettinck, Aleksander Pulver, Ruth Shimmo, Jaanus Harro
Summary: Sex differences in exploratory behavior were observed in male and female rats. Female rats displayed higher exploratory activity and a normal distribution, while males exhibited a bimodal distribution. There were no major effects of litter or estrous cycle. Differences in monoamine metabolism between male and female rats were found, including lower dopamine levels in the frontal cortex and higher levels of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) in the raphe area in males. Females had higher levels of serotonin (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the dorsal striatum, but lower levels in the locus coeruleus area. There were also differences in noradrenaline (NA) and normetanephrine (NMN) levels between the sexes. Female rats displayed not only higher levels of exploration, but also a distinct population distribution of this behavior, which may be related to differences in monoaminergic systems.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
D. Kavindi Weerasinghe, Jason M. Hodge, Julie A. Pasco, Rasika M. Samarasinghe, Behnaz Azimi Manavi, Lana J. Williams
Summary: This article provides an overview of the mechanisms of action of antipsychotics and the expression profiles of dopamine, serotonin, and adrenergic receptors during osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis, aiming to elucidate the effects of antipsychotic use on bone.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Karolina Noworyta, Agata Cieslik, Rafal Rygula
Summary: This review summarizes recent advances in understanding biased cognition in depressive disorder, focusing on pessimistic judgment bias and abnormal response to negative feedback. The discussion includes neurochemical mechanisms identified through genetic, molecular, and pharmacological studies, as well as experimental approaches to depression treatment based on improved understanding of cognitive substrates.