Journal
NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES
Volume 5, Issue 3-4, Pages 173-175Publisher
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000113694
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease; amyloid; congophilic angiopathy; dementia
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Funding
- NIA NIH HHS [P01 AG010491, AG010491] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [NS051715, R01 NS051715] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [R01NS051715] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING [P01AG010491] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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The importance of amyloid plaques in the pathogenesis of dementia is usually centered on p-amyloid (A beta) and its role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, since fibrillar plaques correlate poorly with neurodegeneration, challenging their importance in the mechanism(s) of dementia, investigators turned their focus to the importance of soluble oligomers and the role of preamyloid and cerebrovascular deposits. Two non-A beta cerebral amyloidoses, familial British and Danish dementias (FBD and FDD), share many aspects of AD, including cognitive impairment and the presence of neurofibrillary tangles in limbic areas. The lack of compact plaques in FDD and in many areas in FBD further questions the importance of these lesions in the mechanism of dementia. The main components of the deposits - ABri and ADan - are structurally unrelated to A beta and yet they all have a high tendency to oligomerize and assemble into amyloid fibrils in vitro and form ion-like channels in lipid membranes. Thus, different amyloid species have the capability to induce similar neuropathological changes, which are neither exclusive for A beta nor dependent on the presence of compact plaques. These findings reaffirm the notion that non-A beta amyloidoses constitute alternative models to study the role of preassembled amyloid subunits in neuronal death. Copyright (c) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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