Journal
NEUROBIOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY
Volume 92, Issue 2, Pages 199-205Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2008.07.010
Keywords
Habituation; Olfaction; Piriform cortex; Metabotropic glutamate receptor; Orienting reflex; Odor adaptation; Olfactory cortex; Synaptic depression; Norepinephrine
Funding
- NIDCDNSF
- NSF
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS [R21DC007112, R01DC003906] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Olfaction represents an ideal model system for the study of mammalian habituation given that it is an anatomically relatively simple system with strong reciprocal connections to the limbic system, driving both reflexive and non-reflexive (motivated) behaviors that are easily quantifiable. Data are reviewed here demonstrating short-term habituation of the odor-evoked heart-rate orienting reflex described according to the criteria for habituation outlined by Thompson and Spencer [Thompson, R. F., & Spencer, W. A. (1966). Habituation: A model phenomenon for the Study of neuronal substrates of behavior. Psychological Reviews, 73(1), 16-43]. A necessary and sufficient mechanism of short-term habituation is then described, which involves a metabotropic glutamate receptor mediated depression of afferent input to the piriform (primary olfactory) cortex. Finally, evidence for, and a mechanisms of, dishabituation of the orienting reflex and cortical adaptation are described. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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