Article
Neurosciences
Soraya Herrera-Espejo, Borja Santos-Zorrozua, Paula Alvarez-Gonzalez, Idoia Martin-Guerrero, Marian M. de Pancorbo, Africa Garcia-Orad, Elixabet Lopez-Lopez
Summary: This study identified four SNPs in miRNAs associated with LOAD risk, with in silico analyses supporting a potential functional effect of these SNPs on miRNA levels and regulation of pathways relevant to LOAD development. Additional studies are needed to validate these findings.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaohui Sun, Qing Tian, Zhengjie Yang, Yumei Liu, Chengqian Li, Binghui Hou, Anmu Xie
Summary: This study investigated whether two specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the AQP4 gene, rs335929 and rs2075575, are associated with the risk and clinical features of Parkinson's disease (PD). The results showed that rs2075575 was significantly associated with PD risk in the dominant and over-dominant models, while rs335929 was not significantly correlated with PD susceptibility. Additionally, rs2075575 was associated with Rapid Eye Movement Behaviour Disorder (RBD) and rs335929 was associated with memory impairment in PD.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Perla H. Horta-Lopez, Graciela Mendoza-Franco, Fanny Rodriguez-Cruz, Francisco M. Torres-Cruz, Elizabeth Hernandez-Echeagaray, Jose J. Jarero-Basulto, Jan Ricny, Benjamin Flora Garduno, Francisco Garcia-Sierra
Summary: In Alzheimer's disease, there are two mutually exclusive amino-terminal-dependent conformations involved in the aggregation of Tau protein into neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). The presence of a-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT), an acute phase serum glycoprotein, is found to promote the abnormal aggregation of Tau in AD. Through immunofluorescence and high-resolution confocal microscopy, ACT is observed to colocalize with diffuse aggregates of Tau-66-positive granules, suggesting that ACT may play a role in facilitating Tau aggregation during the formation of neurofibrillary pathology in AD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peter Piko, Tibor Jenei, Zsigmond Kosa, Janos Sandor, Nora Kovacs, Ildiko Seres, Gyorgy Paragh, Roza Adany
Summary: This study investigated the effect of five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their haplotypes in the CETP gene on 10-year cardiovascular risk (CVR) estimated by different algorithms. The results showed that one SNP (rs7499892) and three haplotypes (H5, H7, and H8) were significantly associated with increased CVR. The impact of H5 was mediated by its effect on triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, while H7 and H8 were associated with CVR through mechanisms not involving TG or HDL-C levels. This suggests that CETP gene polymorphisms can affect CVR through various mechanisms, not just by influencing lipid levels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Meng-Rui Lee, Yen-Lin Chen, Chang-Wei Wu, Lun-Che Chen, Lih-Yu Chang, Jung-Yueh Chen, Yu-Tsung Huang, Jann-Yuan Wang, Jin-Yuan Shih, Chong-Jen Yu
Summary: This study found that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1), Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP8) were associated with the risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection and disease. Haplotypes and a polygenic risk score (PRS) could be used to predict TB disease status.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bei Zhang, Hong-Xiang Yu, Nan Zhi, Can Cui, Ying-Ying Han, Min Hu, Hao Shen, Huan Bao, Gang Li
Summary: The study discovered associations between HMOX-1 and Alzheimer's disease (AD), particularly in the dominant and recessive models of the gene after adjusting for age, gender, and education. This suggests a potential link between HMOX1 rs2071746 and AD, especially late-onset AD.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Arianna Colini Baldeschi, Marco Zattoni, Silvia Vanni, Lea Nikolic, Chiara Ferracin, Giuseppina La Sala, Maria Summa, Rosalia Bertorelli, Sine Mandrup Bertozzi, Gabriele Giachin, Paolo Carloni, Maria Laura Bolognesi, Marco De Vivo, Giuseppe Legname
Summary: This study proposes a new drug strategy for the treatment of prion diseases by clearing prions. The researchers have identified a small molecule that inhibits SERPINA3/SerpinA3n, effectively reducing prion load in infected cells.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hsin- Chang, Yu-Tzu Chang, Chi-Wei Huang, Kuo-Lun Huang, Jung-Lung Hsu, Shih-Wei Hsu, Shih-Jen Tsai, Wen-Neng Chang, Chen-Chang Lee, Shu-Hua Huang, Chiung-Chih Chang
Summary: This study examined the relationship between AD-susceptible loci and brain network degeneration, finding that certain genotypes may affect cognitive outcomes by interacting with ApoE4 status or independently.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Efthimios Dimitrakis, Martha-Spyridoula Katsarou, Maria Lagiou, Vasiliki Papastefanopoulou, Demetrios A. Spandidos, Aristidis Tsatsakis, Socratis Papageorgiou, Paraskevi Moutsatsou, Katerina Antoniou, Christos Kroupis, Nikolaos Drakoulis
Summary: This study identified certain polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor gene associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease, particularly in terms of their impact on disease risk. In the SEC population, specific haplotypes may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease in women, suggesting a gender-specific influence on disease development.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Russell P. Sawyer, Stacie L. Demel, Mary E. Comeau, Miranda Marion, Jonathan Rosand, Carl D. Langefeld, Daniel Woo
Summary: Apolipoprotein E alleles are associated with both Alzheimer's disease and intracerebral hemorrhage; intracerebral hemorrhage has a high risk of subsequent dementia; variations in CR1 and CLU genes are associated with an increased risk of lobar ICH.
Article
Neurosciences
Fei Guo, Jingxuan Kang, Jing Xu, Siyu Wei, Junxian Tao, Yu Dong, Yingnan Ma, Hongsheng Tian, Xuying Guo, Shuo Bi, Chen Zhang, Hongchao Lv, Zhenwei Shang, Yongshuai Jiang, Mingming Zhang
Summary: This study identified disease-associated m(6)A-SNPs and their target genes in multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. The results revealed that these SNPs can regulate the expression of multiple genes and there were specific HLA genes associated with these diseases.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Montserrat Lara-Velazquez, Natanael Zarco, Anna Carrano, Jordan Phillipps, Emily S. Norton, Paula Schiapparelli, Rawan Al-Kharboosh, Jordina Rincon-Torroella, Stephanie Jeanneret, Teresa Corona, Jose Segovia, Mark E. Jentoft, Kaisorn L. Chaichana, Yan W. Asmann, Alfredo Quinones-Hinojosa, Hugo Guerrero-Cazares
Summary: This study investigated the effect of CSF on GBM gene expression and the role of CSF-induced SERPINA3 gene in GBM malignancy in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that SERPINA3 plays a key role in GBM malignancy and its inhibition leads to a better outcome for patients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sung-Hyun Kim, Sumin Yang, Key-Hwan Lim, Euiseng Ko, Hyun-Jun Jang, Mingon Kang, Pann-Ghill Suh, Jae-Yeol Joo
Summary: Using GWAS and deep learning techniques, specific SNVs related to Alzheimer's disease and abnormal exon splicing of the PLC.1 gene were identified, highlighting their association with AD. This study suggests the potential clinical utility of critical SNVs in AD prediction through a combination of computational and deep learning-based analyses.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Farbod Bahreini, Elham Rayzan, Nima Rezaei
Summary: Breast cancer, a multifactorial disease, may have an increased risk due to alterations in microRNA sequences. miR-SNPs are potential biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyosung Kim, Kun Leng, Jinhee Park, Alexander G. Sorets, Suil Kim, Alena Shostak, Rebecca J. Embalabala, Kate Mlouk, Ketaki A. Katdare, Indigo V. L. Rose, Sarah M. Sturgeon, Emma H. Neal, Yan Ao, Shinong Wang, Michael Sofroniew, Jonathan M. Brunger, Douglas G. McMahon, Matthew S. Schrag, Martin Kampmann, Ethan S. Lippmann
Summary: In this study, the authors used an iPSC-derived cell co-culture model to investigate the role of astrocytes in blood-brain barrier function. They found that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) could induce inflammatory reactive state in astrocytes, leading to blood-brain barrier dysfunction through STAT3 activation and increased expression of SERPINA3. Further experiments in murine brain organotypic cultures and in vivo demonstrated that silencing Serpina3n could reduce vascular inflammation and treatment with recombinant Serpina3n induced BBB dysfunction-related molecular changes. Overall, the results of this study highlight the importance of the TNF-STAT3-alpha 1ACT signaling axis in the inflammatory reactive astrocyte signature that contributes to BBB dysfunction.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ignacio Illan-Gala, Victor Montal, Sergi Borrego-Ecija, Maria Luisa Mandelli, Neus Falgas, Ariane E. Welch, Jordi Pegueroles, Miguel Santos-Santos, Alexandre Bejanin, Daniel Alcolea, Oriol Dols-Icardo, Olivia Belbin, M. Belen Sanchez-Saudinos, Nuria Bargallo, Sofia Gonzalez-Ortiz, Albert Llado, Rafael Blesa, Bradford C. Dickerson, Howard J. Rosen, Bruce L. Miller, Alberto Lleo, Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Juan Fortea
Summary: Cortical mean diffusivity shows promise as a sensitive biomarker for the study of the neurodegeneration-related microstructural changes in primary progressive aphasia (PPA). Increases in cortical mean diffusivity are correlated with cortical thinning and disease severity in PPA patients.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
David Reyes-Leiva, Oriol Dols-Icardo, Sonia Sirisi, Elena Cortes-Vicente, Janina Turon-Sans, Noemi de Luna, Rafael Blesa, Olivia Belbin, Victor Montal, Daniel Alcolea, Juan Fortea, Alberto Lleo, Ricard Rojas-Garcia, Ignacio Illan-Gala
Summary: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) are part of a continuum with clinical, genetic, and neuropathological differences. Cognitive and behavioral changes in ALS patients are more common than previously recognized and can impact diagnosis, prognosis, and management. Research has identified biomarkers and imaging techniques that provide insights into the pathophysiology of extra-motor neurodegeneration in ALS-FTLD continuum. The development and validation of biomarkers for in vivo detection of pathological aggregates like TDP-43 are expected to further our understanding of ALS pathophysiology.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Michele Carbone, Harvey Pass, Guntulu Ak, H. Richard Alexander, Paul Baas, Francine Baumann, Andrew M. Blakely, Raphael Bueno, Aleksandra Bzura, Giuseppe Cardillo, Jane E. Churpek, Irma Dianzani, Assunta De Rienzo, Mitsuru Emi, Salih Emri, Emanuela Felley-Bosco, Dean A. Fennell, Raja M. Flores, Federica Grosso, Nicholas K. Hayward, Mary Hesdorffer, Chuong D. Hoang, Peter A. Johansson, Hedy L. Kindler, Muaiad Kittaneh, Thomas Krausz, Aaron Mansfield, Muzaffer Metintas, Michael Minaai, Luciano Mutti, Maartje Nielsen, Kenneth O'Byrne, Isabelle Opitz, Sandra Pastorino, Francesca Pentimalli, Marc de Perrot, Antonia Pritchard, Robert Taylor Ripley, Bruce Robinson, Valerie Rusch, Emanuela Taioli, Yasutaka Takinishi, Mika Tanji, Anne S. Tsao, A. Murat Tuncer, Sebastian Walpole, Andrea Wolf, Haining Yang, Yoshie Yoshikawa, Alicia Zolondick, David S. Schrump, Raffit Hassan
Summary: The most common malignancies that develop in carriers of BAP1 germline mutations include mesothelioma, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and other tumor types. The features of malignancies can vary among individuals, and a multidisciplinary approach is required for diagnosis and treatment. Detecting BAP1 germline mutations has significant medical, social, and economic impact.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Alba Cervantes Gonzalez, David J. Irwin, Daniel Alcolea, Corey T. McMillan, Alice Chen-Plotkin, David Wolk, Sonia Sirisi, Oriol Dols-Icardo, Marta Querol-Vilaseca, Ignacio Illan-Gala, Miguel Angel Santos-Santos, Juan Fortea, Edward B. Lee, John Q. Trojanowski, Murray Grossman, Alberto Lleo, Olivia Belbin
Summary: The study found an association between synaptic proteins and pathological burden and cognitive performance in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) patients. These synaptic panels have the potential to differentiate FTLD neuropathologic subtypes and serve as surrogate markers for cognitive performance in future clinical trials.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Chloe B. Rodgers, Colette J. Mustard, Ryan T. McLean, Sharon Hutchison, Antonia L. Pritchard
Summary: B-cell system plays an important role in the immune response to melanoma. However, there are still disagreements in various aspects of this role. Tumor-infiltrating B-cells have contradictory prognostic values, potentially due to disagreements in cell subset classification and marker usage. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in tumors, which organize T-cells and B-cells, are associated with improved survival when treated with immune checkpoint blockade. Autoantibody production is increased in melanoma patients, but consistent targets have not been identified yet. The function of antibodies is determined by their isotype and subclass, with IgG(4) being immunosuppressive and correlated with poor patient survival in melanoma.
PIGMENT CELL & MELANOMA RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Natasa Broit, Peter A. Johansson, Chloe B. Rodgers, Sebastian T. Walpole, Nicholas K. Hayward, Antonia L. Pritchard
Summary: The study conducted a comprehensive systematic meta-analysis of genomic aberrations in acral melanoma (AM). It identified significantly mutated genes and frequent copy-number aberrations, highlighting potential therapeutic targets.
PIGMENT CELL & MELANOMA RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Florencia Iulita, Diana Garzon Chavez, Maria Klitgaard Christensen, Natalia Valle Tamayo, Oleguer Plana-Ripoll, Sonja A. Rasmussen, Marta Roque Figuls, Daniel Alcolea, Laura Videla, Isabel Barroeta, Bessy Benejam, Miren Altuna, Concepcion Padilla, Jordi Pegueroles, Susana Fernandez, Olivia Belbin, Maria Carmona-Iragui, Rafael Blesa, Alberto Lleo, Alexandre Bejanin, Juan Fortea
Summary: This study aimed to assess the variability in symptom onset of Alzheimer disease in individuals with Down syndrome and its association with mortality. The study found that the age at onset and age at death of Alzheimer disease in Down syndrome were similar to those of autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease. The life expectancy of individuals with Down syndrome has increased over time, but there are ceiling effects in the highest percentiles of age at death. Importantly, racial disparities exist, with lower life expectancy in Black individuals compared to White individuals.
Article
Neurosciences
Sonia Sirisi, Marta Querol-Vilaseca, Oriol Dols-Icardo, Jordi Pegueroles, Victor Montal, Laia Munoz, Soraya Torres, Paula Ferrer-Raventos, Maria Florencia Iulita, Erika Sanchez-Aced, Rafael Blesa, Ignacio Illan-Gala, Laura Molina-Porcel, Sergi Borrego-Ecija, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Jordi Clarimon, Olivia Belbin, Juan Fortea, Alberto Lleo
Summary: C9orf72 expansion is associated with myelin loss in the frontal cortex, which may be due to oligodendroglial dysfunction caused by the mutation or the presence of pTDP-43 in oligodendrocytes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Felicity Newell, Peter A. Johansson, James S. Wilmott, Katia Nones, Vanessa Lakis, Antonia L. Pritchard, Serigne N. Lo, Robert Rawson, Stephen H. Kazakoff, Andrew J. Colebatch, Lambros T. Koufariotis, Peter M. Ferguson, Scott Wood, Conrad Leonard, Matthew H. Law, Kelly M. Brooks, Natasa Broit, Jane M. Palmer, Kasey L. Couts, Ismael A. Vergara, Georgina Long, Andrew P. Barbour, Omgo E. Nieweg, Brindha Shivalingam, William A. Robinson, Jonathan R. Stretch, Andrew J. Spillane, Robyn P. M. Saw, Kerwin F. Shannon, John F. Thompson, Graham J. Mann, John Pearson, Richard A. Scolyer, Nicola Waddell, Nicholas K. Hayward
Summary: This is the largest whole-genome analysis of melanoma to date, comprehensively comparing the genomics of the four major melanoma subtypes. This study highlights both similarities and differences between the subtypes, providing insights into the etiology and biology of melanoma.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Paula Ferrer-Raventos, David Puertollano-Martin, Marta Querol-Vilaseca, Erika Sanchez-Aced, Natalia Valle-Tamayo, Alba Cervantes-Gonzalez, Raul Nunez-Llaves, Jordi Pegueroles, Oriol Dols-Icardo, Maria Florencia Iulita, Iban Aldecoa, Laura Molina-Porcel, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Juan Fortea, Olivia Belbin, Sonia Sirisi, Alberto Lleo
Summary: The study found that CTF accumulates in synapses in Alzheimer's disease, suggesting a potential role in synapse degeneration. Therapies targeting the reduction of CTF accumulation could be beneficial in Alzheimer's disease.
NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Prudhvi Peri, Kai Fu, Houqiang Fu, Jingan Zhou, Yuji Zhao, David J. Smith
Summary: The morphology of GaN substrates grown by HVPE and by ammonothermal methods was observed to have an impact on the performance of GaN-on-GaN p-i-n diodes. HVPE-grown substrates showed ordered surface features, while ammonothermal substrates did not. Diodes fabricated on HVPE substrates had higher reverse-bias voltages compared to those on ammonothermal substrates.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Letter
Dermatology
Peter A. Johansson, Jane M. Palmer, Hayley R. Hamilton, David C. Whiteman, Antonia L. Pritchard, Nicholas K. Hayward
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Daniel C. Messina, Kevin A. Hatch, Saurabh Vishwakarma, David J. Smith, Yuji Zhao, Robert J. Nemanich
Summary: Two atomic layer etching methods were investigated for crystalline GaN, involving oxidation, fluorination, and ligand exchange. The etching process was monitored in situ using multiwavelength ellipsometry and characterized through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results revealed the presence of fluorine and oxygen impurities on the etched surfaces, a slight reduction in thickness, and a lower removal rate than predicted. The observed reduced etch rates were attributed to the ordered structure of the oxide formed on the crystalline GaN surfaces.
JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Abhinandan Gangopadhyay, Chaomin Zhang, Aymeric Maros, Nikolai Faleev, Richard R. King, Christiana B. Honsberg, David J. Smith
Summary: The atomic-scale structure of extended defects in GaAs/GaAs1-xSbx/GaAs (001) heterostructures has been investigated using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. Two types of defects were identified: a dissociated screw dislocation or a partial dislocation dipole at the tensile-strained GaAs(cap)/GaAs0.34Sb0.66 interface, and a dissociated 90 degrees dislocation at the compressively-strained GaAs0.91Sb0.09/GaAs(substrate) interface. The intrinsic stacking faults associated with these defects were bounded by Shockley partial dislocations.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
M. Florencia Iulita, Alexandre Bejanin, Eduard Vilaplana, Maria Carmona-Iragui, Bessy Benejam, Laura Videla, Isabel Barroeta, Susana Fernandez, Miren Altuna, Jordi Pegueroles, Victor Montal, Silvia Valldeneu, Sandra Gimenez, Sofia Gonzalez-Ortiz, Soraya Torres, Shaimaa El Bounasri El Bennadi, Concepcion Padilla, Mateus Rozalem Aranha, Teresa Estelles, Ignacio Illan-Gala, Olivia Belbin, Natalia Valle-Tamayo, Valle Camacho, Esther Blessing, Ricardo S. Osorio, Sebastian Videla, Sylvain Lehmann, Anthony J. Holland, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Daniel Alcolea, Jordi Clarimon, Shahid H. Zaman, Rafael Blesa, Alberto Lleo, Juan Fortea
Summary: The study highlights the importance of conducting sex-specific research in Alzheimer's disease, particularly in individuals with Down syndrome who have a high genetic risk. The findings suggest that while there are similarities in prevalence and cognitive outcomes between males and females, males may experience lower recall test scores. Additionally, the presence of the apolipoprotein.4 allele may affect the age at diagnosis in females.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sarah N. Kraeutner, Cristina Rubino, Jennifer K. Ferris, Shie Rinat, Lauren Penko, Larissa Chiu, Brian Greeley, Christina B. Jones, Beverley C. Larssen, Lara A. Boyd
Summary: This study examined the age-related changes in brain function and baseline brain structure that support motor skill acquisition. The findings showed that older adults experienced decreases in functional connectivity during motor skill acquisition, while younger adults experienced increases. Additionally, regardless of age group, lower baseline microstructure in a frontoparietal tract was associated with slower motor skill acquisition.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Karen Nuytemans, Farid Rajabli, Melissa Jean-Francois, Jiji Thulaseedhara Kurup, Larry D. Adams, Takiyah D. Starks, Patrice L. Whitehead, Brian W. Kunkle, Allison Caban-Holt, Jonathan L. Haines, Michael L. Cuccaro, Jeffery M. Vance, Goldie S. Byrd, Gary W. Beecham, Christiane Reitz, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance
Summary: This study conducted genetic research on African American AD families and identified a significant linkage signal associated with AD, highlighting the importance of diverse population-level genetic data in understanding the genetic determinants of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kazuya Suwabe, Ryuta Kuwamizu, Kazuki Hyodo, Toru Yoshikawa, Takeshi Otsuki, Asako Zempo-Miyaki, Michael A. Yassa, Hideaki Soya
Summary: Physical exercise has a positive impact on hippocampal memory decline with aging. Recent studies have shown that even light exercise can improve memory and this improvement is mediated by the ascending arousal system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of light-intensity exercise on hippocampal memory function in healthy older adults and found that pupil dilation during exercise played a role in the memory improvement.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ajay Sood, Ana Werneck Capuano, Robert Smith Wilson, Lisa Laverne Barnes, Alifiya Kapasi, David Alan Bennett, Zoe Arvanitakis
Summary: The objective of this study was to explore the impact of metformin on cognition and brain pathology. The results showed that metformin users had slower decline in global cognition, episodic memory, and semantic memory compared to non-users. However, the relationship between metformin use and certain brain pathology remains uncertain.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Brian N. Lee, Junwen Wang, Molly A. Hall, Dokyoon Kim, Shana D. Stites, Li Shen
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory and functional impairments. This study analyzed participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and found differential associations between cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)/neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive/functional outcomes, as well as variations between sexes. These findings suggest that sex differences may play a role in the development of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Madeline R. Hale, Rebecca Langhough, Lianlian Du, Bruce P. Hermann, Carol A. Van Hulle, Margherita Carboni, Gwendlyn Kollmorgenj, Kristin E. Basche, Davide Bruno, Leah Sanson-Miles, Erin M. Jonaitis, Nathaniel A. Chin, Ozioma C. Okonkwo, Barbara B. Bendlin, Cynthia M. Carlsson, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Tobey J. Betthauser, Sterling C. Johnson, Kimberly D. Mueller
Summary: This study demonstrates a relationship between cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and the ability to recall proper names in the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Thomas T. Austin, Christian L. Thomas, Ben Warren
Summary: This study investigated the effects of age on the robustness and resilience of auditory system using the desert locust. The researchers found that gene expression changes were mainly influenced by age rather than noise exposure. Both young and aged locusts were able to recover their auditory nerve function within 48 hours of noise exposure, but the recovery of transduction current magnitude was impaired in aged locusts. Key genes responsible for robustness to noise exposure in young locusts and potential candidates for compensatory mechanisms in auditory neurons of aged locusts were identified.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)