Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kunpeng He, Jianhong Ye
Summary: In the past 10 years, the offshore wind energy harvest industry has rapidly developed worldwide. However, seismic waves pose a significant threat to the safety and stability of offshore wind turbines (OWTs). This study comprehensively investigates the seismic dynamics and stability of a 1.5 MW thin-walled monopile OWT and its seabed foundation using the marine geotechnics numerical software FssiCAS and the generalized elastoplastic soil model. The results show that OWT and its seabed foundation strongly respond to seismic waves, with intense interaction between them. The study provides valuable insights for future evaluation of the seismic dynamics and stability of OWTs.
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Lin Cui, Dong-Sheng Jeng, Junwei Liu
Summary: In this study, a 3D model is used to investigate fluid-seabed-structure interactions around offshore detached breakwaters, focusing on long term cyclic loading induced seabed response and liquefaction potential. It is found that longshore currents exacerbate the risk of liquefaction of seabed foundation.
APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kai Zhao, Shengdong Zhu, Xiaoxiao Bai, Qiuzhe Wang, Su Chen, Haiyang Zhuang, Guoxing Chen
Summary: The paper investigates the significance of ocean environmental loads on seismic interactions between buried immersed tunnels and surrounding soil, proposing a fully coupled nonlinear effective stress analysis framework incorporating factors like ocean waves and currents. The study reveals that continuous disturbance from ocean wave and current has major consequences for seismic soil-structure interactions, highlighting the importance of considering environmental loads in seismic design practices for immersed tunnels.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Amin Eslami, Ali Ghorbani
Summary: This study investigates the seismic response and liquefaction resistance of Monopile and Suction Bucket Foundations for offshore wind turbines using coupled numerical modeling and soft computing. Non-linear dynamic analysis and centrifuge studies were carried out to develop prediction models and verify their accuracy.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Sangeet Kumar Patra, Sumanta Haldar
Summary: This study investigates the seismic response of monopile supported offshore wind turbines in liquefiable sand deposits under combined operational and seismic loads. Various seismic motion records are scaled and applied to study the effect of earthquake intensity and liquefaction depth on the dynamic response of the structure. Design implications for offshore wind turbines in liquefiable soil are also suggested.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Lin Cui, Dong-Sheng Jeng, Junwei Liu
Summary: This study investigates the wave-induced instantaneous liquefaction of a poro-elastic seabed around a GBS offshore platform and proposes a protection system. Numerical results show that the protection system can significantly reduce wave forces and liquefaction depth, and wave height and current velocity have significant impact on seabed liquefaction.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Bin Zhu, Qing Yang, Tetsuya Hiraishi, Hajime Mase, Huafu Pei, Tao Wang, Mengmeng Lu
Summary: This study develops a stochastic numerical model to investigate the response of a spatially heterogeneous seabed with a submerged breakwater. The model is implemented using the COMSOL platform and validated with analytical solutions and experimental data. Probabilistic analysis is performed to explore the effects of coefficient of variation and correlation lengths in random fields. This study provides a valuable tool and insights for the probabilistic assessment of soil response in a spatially heterogeneous seabed around structures.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Ling-Yu Xu, Cheng-Xiang Song, Fei Cai, Wei-Yun Chen, Ying-Ying Xue, Guo-Xing Chen
Summary: This study presents a comprehensive three-dimensional time-domain finite element model to analyze the behavior of offshore wind turbines (OWTs) on monopiles in porous seabed under multi-directional seismic excitations. The model considers the dynamic interaction between the soil skeleton and pore water using Biot's u-p formulation and accurately represents fluid-structure interaction (FSI) using potential-based fluid elements for seawater. The study verified the model's reliability by analyzing the vibration characteristics, displacement, and excess pore water pressure of the OWT-monopile-seabed-seawater system under both horizontal and vertical excitation. The results showed variations in hydrodynamic pressure and excess pore water pressure along the OWT and pile, changes in transient liquefaction distribution with the addition of EW component ground motion, substantial fluctuations of vertical displacement and larger areas of transient liquefaction near the surface of the seabed and the tip of the pile under vertical ground motion, and resonance effects near the first natural frequency of the OWT leading to extreme acceleration and displacement.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Qi Wu, Xuanming Ding, Yanling Zhang, Yanli Zhang
Summary: This study simulated the dynamic characteristics of coral sand using a finite difference program and established numerical models to investigate the seismic response of underground structures in coral sand. The results indicate that the density and permeability coefficient of the coral sand foundation play a significant role in the seismic response.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Eduardo Rodriguez-Galvan, Guillermo M. alamo, Cristina Medina, Orlando Maeso
Summary: This article analyses the seismic response of four different types of Offshore Wind Turbines (OWTs), ranging from 5 to 15 MW, with foundations on monopiles embedded in homogeneous and non-homogeneous soil profiles. The seismic response is calculated using a finite element substructuring model in the frequency domain under ten different accelerograms. The results show that the maximum response is obtained when soil structure interaction (SSI), including both inertial and kinematic interaction, is considered. The differences in response due to the soil profile definition are mainly related to the rotational kinematic interaction factor.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Yu-Wei Hwang, Jenny Ramirez, Shideh Dashti, Peter Kirkwood, Abbie Liel, Guido Camata, Massimo Petracca
Summary: This study investigated the impact of interactions between neighboring structures on system performance in liquefiable soil. The results indicated that the spacing-to-width ratio between structures and the contact stress and geometry of the neighboring foundation-structure system are key parameters affecting SSSI.
JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Junwei Liu, Shuiyue Chen, Xin Li, Zuodong Liang
Summary: This study investigates the fluid-seabed-structure interactions around an open-ended pile using a solver established on the open-source CFD platform and Biot's poro-elastic theory. The analysis reveals that the wave period, degree of seabed saturation, and pile diameter significantly affect the development of transient seabed liquefaction depth around the pile. Additionally, the distribution of pore water pressure vs soil depth in the inner zone of the pile presents a V shape rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Richard Asumadu, Jisheng Zhang, Hubert Osei-Wusuansa
Summary: Investigation and analysis of wave-seabed-structure interaction is crucial in marine engineering design and construction. This study establishes an integrated numerical model to simulate the wave-induced oscillatory seabed response around offshore substructure foundations. The model is validated through comparison with previous experimental data, demonstrating its reliability. Results show that liquefaction depth tends to be larger in the offshore and lateral areas of the upstream axillary pile leg.
Article
Engineering, Marine
E. C. Clukey, J. S. Templeton, B. Lane, M. Wasy Akhtar
Summary: The interaction between waves, currents, and the seafloor can lead to erosion, liquefaction, and failure of near surface sediments. The recent exposure of power cables in a US offshore wind project has highlighted the importance of assessing seafloor instability. This paper examines these processes.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Weiqin Liu, Wenping Luo, Meng Yang, Tianyu Xia, Yu Huang, Shangming Wang, Jun Leng, Ye Li
Summary: This paper proposes a viscous-flow hydroelasto-plastic approach to study the problem of offshore structural collapse caused by waves. The approach combines Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and nonlinear Finite Element Method (FEM) to achieve one-way and two-way coupling. Comparison with experimental results shows that the two-way coupling provides a better numerical simulation of the experimental model.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Bence Kato, Gang Wang
Summary: Understanding site-city interaction (SCI) is crucial for sustainable urban development in seismic regions. This study quantifies the effects of SCI at a congested transport hub in Hong Kong, demonstrating that building layout, inertia, and interaction between underground structures through the soil govern SCI, causing ground motion perturbations and wave trapping between buildings. Notable effects include amplification of short-period acceleration spectra and PGA in the center plaza, excess maximum story accelerations, and increased destructive kinetic energy. SCI effects may significantly increase seismic demand on short structures, requiring an adjustment in the seismic design of super-tall and low-rise buildings.
BULLETIN OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Chengzeng Yan, Dasheng Wei, Gang Wang
Summary: This paper introduces a three-dimensional heat transfer model considering contact heat transfer and thermal cracking in continuous-discontinuous media, coupled with 3D FDEM for thermo-mechanical calculation. The model's capability is validated through examples and key influencing parameters are discussed in the paper.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Huo Fan, Duruo Huang, Gang Wang
Summary: This study reveals the intrinsic shortcomings of NMM based on quadrilateral isoparametric mapping for the first time, leading to the establishment of a new NMM using a quadrilateral area coordinate system to overcome these drawbacks. The proposed method allows for analytically determining the stiffness matrix without the need for cumbersome Jacobian inversion and numerical integration, while also formulating a conecomplementary-based contact model to accurately determine frictional and cohesive contact forces. This new NMM framework eliminates the need for artificial penalty and open-close iteration, showing excellent performance in several benchmark examples.
ENGINEERING ANALYSIS WITH BOUNDARY ELEMENTS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Kewei Feng, Duruo Huang, Gang Wang, Feng Jin, Zhengwei Chen
Summary: A multiscale framework based on the spectral element method and material point method is developed for the analysis of large-deformation coseismic landslides. The proposed SEM-MPM model is able to reproduce the entire process of coseismic landslides and shows good agreement with field data and previous numerical studies.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Chengzeng Yan, Xin Xie, Yuhang Ren, Wenhui Ke, Gang Wang
Summary: A coupled thermal-hydro-mechanical (THM) model based on the combined finite-discrete element method (FDEM) is proposed for simulating rock cracking driven by multi-physics. By simulating the interaction between thermal, hydraulic, and mechanical processes, the study shows that branching fractures can be produced in addition to the primary fracture during hydraulic fracturing.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Zhihao Shen, Gang Wang, Duruo Huang, Feng Jin
Summary: A resolved coupling model was developed in this paper to simulate the interaction between two-phase fluids and irregularly shaped particles using CFD and DEM. The model calculates meso-scale flow around particles and directly computes the fluid forces on multi-sphere particles without relying on empirical drag force models. Benchmark cases and a case study on dambreak wave impact on a rock pile demonstrate the accuracy and potential application of the model in coastal engineering.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Wei Wang, Feng Jin, Bohao Wang, Gang Wang, Duruo Huang, Chunyang Cui
Summary: The deposition morphology of cement grout in granular materials is studied, and it is found that the morphology varies with the yield stress of the grout.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Soheil Mohajerani, Gang Wang
Summary: This article presents an innovative touch-aware frictional contact model for efficiently simulating the contact behavior between irregularly shaped particles. The model accurately calculates the contact force and stiffness by initiating the calculation when contacting bodies are in touch, eliminating any gap between them. It also simulates frictional contact behaviors and damping between bodies with irregular shapes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Siyuan Yang, Duruo Huang, Gang Wang, Feng Jin
Summary: Recent case histories have shown that soil liquefaction can occur repeatedly at a specific site during a sequence of earthquakes. This study uses a three-dimensional discrete-element method to simulate and analyze the fabric evolution in granular soils during the processes of liquefaction, reconsolidation, and reliquefaction. The results reveal the significant influence of strain histories and induced fabric changes on reliquefaction resistance.
JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ting Liang, Feng Jin, Duruo Huang, Gang Wang
Summary: This study models rock-filled concrete using a mesoscopic finite element approach, revealing the evolution of its elastic modulus and providing important research results to fill the gaps in RFC research in the numerical computational field.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tie Wang, Chengzeng Yan, Gang Wang, Yuchen Zheng, Wenhui Ke, Yu-Yong Jiao
Summary: In this paper, the deformation and failure process of soft rock roadway in high humidity environment are simulated using the humidity diffusion-deformation-fracture coupling model based on the finite-discrete element method (FDEM). The numerical results provide a better understanding of the deformation and failure behavior of soft rock roadway in high humidity environment.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Tie Wang, Chengzeng Yan, Hong Zheng, Yuchen Zheng, Gang Wang
Summary: This study investigates the microcrack behavior and energy evolution of mudstone during moisture diffusion by introducing the Weibull distribution function into the FDEM-based moisture diffusion-fracture coupling model. The results show that nonuniform swelling deformation is the main cause of microfractures, and the evolution of kinetic energy and strain energy is related to the storage rate of swelling deformation and the release rate of microfractures.
COMPUTERS AND GEOTECHNICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zhengwei Chen, Duruo Huang, Gang Wang
Summary: A large-scale physics-based simulation was conducted to investigate the ground motion distribution in the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake in Japan with a magnitude of M-w 7.0. The simulation considered fault rupture, wave propagation, and localized site response, taking into account the combined effect of soil nonlinearity and topographic amplification. The obtained ground motion time histories were compared satisfactorily with recorded data. The study presented the ground motion distribution considering nonlinear soil response and topographic amplification, and developed a 3D equivalent linear model to mimic soil nonlinearity. Neglecting soil nonlinearity could result in overestimating peak ground acceleration (PGA) and underestimating peak ground velocity (PGV) near the fault. The study also found topographic amplification factors (TAFs) of PGA and PGV between 0.5 and 2.0, with a correlation coefficient of 0.7 between them. Predictive equations were proposed to correlate TAFs of PGA and PGV with topographic features.
EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Du Han, Hongwei Fan, Chengzeng Yan, Tie Wang, Yu Yang, Sajid Ali, Gang Wang
Summary: This paper analyzes the heat transfer processes of functionally graded materials (FGMs) using MultiFracS software and a coupled thermo-mechanical model. The study verifies the model for handling the heat transfer problem in heterogeneous materials. The advantages and disadvantages of FGMs and composite materials under thermal shock loads are compared, and the geometric characteristics of double-edge cracks in the gradient material plate on crack propagation are analyzed.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Lin Li, Feng Jin, Duruo Huang, Gang Wang
Summary: This study proposes deep learning models to predict soil seismic response based on recorded ground motions. These models achieve better accuracy and higher efficiency compared to conventional physics-based models like finite element method (FEM).
ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Shaohui Liu, Lizhong Jiang, Wangbao Zhou, Jian Yu
Summary: This study evaluates the post-earthquake damage to track-bridge systems by conducting nonlinear time history analysis on a CRTS II ballastless track simply-supported beam system subjected to transverse earthquake loading. It explores the characteristics of residual displacement and stiffness degradation of the track-bridge system under transverse earthquakes. The research investigates the effect of earthquake-induced stiffness degradation on high-speed trains and proposes a reconstruction method for earthquake-induced dynamic irregularity characteristic curve considering probability guarantee rates. The results indicate that earthquake-induced dynamic irregularity can effectively quantify the running performance of high-speed trains under earthquake-induced stiffness degradation conditions.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Rui Zhang, Xiangqian Sheng, Wenliang Fan
Summary: This study introduces a novel approach for the probabilistic assessment of seismic earth pressure against nonlinear backfills. Nonlinear upper bound analysis is used to obtain the seismic earth pressure through optimization procedure, and probability analysis of nonlinear backfill properties is considered by combining adaptive dimension decomposition with the direct integral method.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Qiangqiang Sun, Yu Xue, Menghao Hou
Summary: This study investigated the use of Tire-derived aggregate (TDA) as backfill material for geotechnical seismic isolation in utility tunnels. Nonlinear numerical analyses were conducted, and the results showed that TDA backfill was an excellent alternative for risk mitigation during strong earthquakes, significantly reducing deformation and forces. The proposed system could potentially save costs compared to expensive seismic mitigation measures.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Yan-Guo Zhou, Dong-Chao Zhang, Kai Liu, Yun-Min Chen
Summary: This study investigated the large deformations caused by liquefaction in sloping ground and the methods for evaluation and mitigation. Soil element tests and centrifuge model tests were conducted to study the relationship between residual strain and Post-liquefaction Deformation Potential (PLDP). The tests showed that the developments of residual strain were controlled by PLDP, which is correlated with the maximum cyclic shear strain. The applicability of PLDP was verified in model tests, and the mitigation mechanisms of densification and drainage induced by stone columns were observed.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Jiajin Zhao, Zhehao Zhu, Dexuan Zhang, Hao Wang, Xi Li
Summary: This paper studies the fabric properties during sand liquefaction using 3D constant-volume cyclic triaxial DEM tests. The results show good consistency with experimental data. The evolution of fabric characteristics is assessed using the coordination number and mechanical coordination number. The second-order contact normal fabric tensor is introduced to analyze complex inter-particle contacts and the shear strain is used as a bridge to describe the evolution of coordination number and anisotropy degree.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Jinqiang Li, Zilan Zhong, Shurui Wang, Kaiming Bi, Hong Hao
Summary: The corrosion-protection liner technology improves the seismic performance of water supply pipelines and reduces the failure probability under earthquake excitations.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Abdellah Cherif Taiba, Youcef Mahmoudi, Mostefa Belkhatir
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive analysis of Liu et al.'s (2023) published paper in the Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering journal, which examines the impact of particle shape on the wave velocity of sand. By enhancing the content integrity, this article serves as a valuable discussion piece for readers interested in this research topic.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Weijian Zhong, Binbin Li, Yanhui Liu, Ping Tan, Fulin Zhou
Summary: In this paper, the Flexible Limit Protective Device (FLPD) was improved to a Flexible Energy Dissipating Device (FEDD) to better control the seismic response of base-isolated structures. Experimental investigation and numerical simulation were conducted to study the compression behavior and optimize the design of FEDDs. The results showed that FEDDs with optimal parameters effectively reduced isolator displacements and kept the inter-story drift angle within a safe range during earthquakes.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Xinhua Xue, Xiaojie Yuan, Li Tao
Summary: In this study, gene expression programming (GEP) was used to establish the relationship between the capacity energy required to trigger sand liquefaction and several major parameters. The GEP model showed higher accuracy and better performance compared to existing models, as confirmed by experimental data.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Xiao-ling Zhang, Hao Lan, Xian-hui Zhao, Cheng-shun Xu, Ke-min Jia
Summary: The study investigates the reinforcement principle of inclined liquefiable site using concrete pile and gravel pile methods. The results show that concrete piles have a better reinforcement effect on inclined liquefiable site compared to gravel piles, and increasing the diameter of gravel piles greatly improves the reinforcement effect. The pile group reinforcement model is more effective in reducing lateral displacement of the site soil compared to the single pile reinforcement model.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Jinxin Sun, Haoyu Sun, Mengmeng Lu, Bolin Han
Summary: The implementation of stone columns is an effective way to improve the stability of liquefiable soil. However, existing mathematical models often neglect vertical seepage within the soil, leading to calculation errors. This study proposes a new mathematical model that considers both radial and vertical seepage, and conducts a parameter analysis to investigate the effects of column spacing, cyclic stress ratio, and consolidation parameters on excess pore water pressure.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Jonathan F. Hubler, James P. Hanley, Andrew C. Stolte, Liam Wotherspoon, Kyle M. Rollins
Summary: This study performed blast liquefaction tests in an area that experienced extensive liquefaction. It used multi-channel analysis of surface waves (MASW) testing to evaluate changes in shear wave velocity (VS) before and after blasting. The study found that array length has an impact on the immediate changes in VS following blasting, but these changes decrease at 24 hours post-blast.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Lowell Tan Cabangon, Gaetano Elia, Mohamed Rouainia, Suraparb Keawsawasvong, Teraphan Ornthammarath
Summary: The impact of far-field earthquakes on underground structures, especially tunnels, has been relatively less explored compared to near-field earthquakes. However, the study found that far-field earthquakes can generate forces in tunnel lining that are equally destructive as those induced by near-field motions, especially when they contain long-period waves. The amplification of these ground motions in soft natural clays, common in Bangkok, can lead to significant soil displacements and shear strains.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Jinjun Hu, Longbing Ding, Xutong Zhou, Mingji Liu, Jingyang Tan
Summary: Offshore near-fault ground motions during the 2016 OffMie Mw6.0 earthquake in the Nankai Trough of Japan were studied using data from the DONET1 seafloor seismic network. The results show that offshore spectral acceleration and peak ground velocity are higher than onshore values. Analysis of pulse-like ground motions reveals differences in amplitude, frequency content, and energy between offshore and onshore motions. These findings have implications for seismic design of offshore engineering structures.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Radu Popescu, Pradipta Chakrabortty
Summary: The natural spatial variability of soil properties affects the mechanical response of geotechnical structures and can deviate failure surfaces. For soil liquefaction induced by seismic activity, it has been found that greater excess pore water pressure is generated in soils with small-scale variability. This paper provides an explanation based on centrifuge experiments and numerical simulations, showing that partial drainage during earthquakes may trigger softening of dilative soils.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2024)
