Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jie Li, Xiaoyu Huang, Kaihui Xie, Juanli Zhang, Jiaojiao Yang, Zunqiang Yan, Shuangbao Gun
Summary: S100A9 plays an important role in C. perfringens type C-induced infectious diarrhea. Overexpression of S100A9 exacerbates cell damage and inflammatory response, inhibits cell proliferation, and disrupts cell-cell tight junctions. In contrast, inhibition of S100A9 expression alleviates inflammatory injury caused by infectious diarrhea.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Bruggisser, Ioan Iacovache, Samuel C. Musson, Matteo T. Degiacomi, Horst Posthaus, Benoit Zuber
Summary: This study describes the structure of Clostridium perfringens beta-toxin (CPB) and its formation of an octameric pore complex with unique structural features. The research also identifies CPB as a member of a new subclass of the hemolysin-like family. Additionally, the study demonstrates that the structure of the pore can be modified without affecting its pore-forming ability, making it attractive for macromolecule sensing and nanotechnology. The cryo-electron microscopy structure of the CPB octameric pore will contribute to future developments in nanotechnology and basic research.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Masahiro Nagahama, Keiko Kobayashi, Masaya Takehara
Summary: The study found that lysosomal proteases cathepsin B and L facilitate the internalization of iota-toxin by activating ASMase, indicating their role in the cytotoxicity caused by the toxin.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Mohammad Ali Shamshirgaran, Mehdi Golchin, Mahmoud Salehi, Reza Kheirandish
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the recombinant Lactobacillus casei expressing the C-terminal domain of alpha-toxin from Clostridium perfringens as a potential probiotic-based vaccine candidate for immunizing broiler chickens against necrotic enteritis (NE). The results showed that orally immunized broiler chickens with the recombinant vaccine strain were significantly protected against experimental NE challenge and developed specific serum anti-alpha antibodies. Additionally, the immunized birds exhibited higher body weight gains compared to control groups during the challenge experiment.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John W. Finnie, Francisco A. Uzal
Summary: Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin (ETX) causes severe neurological disease in ruminant livestock and is of worldwide distribution. The toxin can reach the brain through the bloodstream, leading to neurologic syndromes. ETX is also listed as a potential bioterrorism agent.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Ginevra Brocca, Samuele Zamparo, Tobia Pretto, Alessandro Calore, Andrea Marsella, Romy Lucon Xiccato, Matteo Cornaggia, Luana Cortinovis, Luca Bano, Anna Toffan, Francesco Quaglio, Ranieri Verin
Summary: This study reported a mortality episode in juvenile Siberian and Russian sturgeons, as well as GUBA hybrid sturgeons, in a hatchery in Northern Italy. The mortality was associated with an imbalance of intestinal microbiota, overgrowth of Clostridium perfringens, and gas formation. Increasing the feed administration possibly restored the normal microbiota.
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Luis F. Soto, Ana C. Romani, Gabriel Jimenez-Avalos, Yshoner Silva, Carla M. Ordinola-Ramirez, Rainer M. Lopez Lapa, David Requena
Summary: This study computationally screened the whole proteome of Clostridium perfringens and identified highly immunogenic proteins, domains, and epitopes. They found potential recombinant vaccine candidates, a potential sub-unit vaccine, and designed a multi-epitope protein. These findings are important for the development of safe and effective vaccines against C. perfringens infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Francisco A. Uzal, Federico Giannitti, Javier Asin
Summary: Yellow lamb disease is a poorly understood condition in young sheep caused by certain strains of Clostridium perfringens type A. It is characterized by hemolysis, jaundice, and anemia. Diagnosis of the disease is challenging due to the presence of the microorganism in the intestines of healthy sheep. There is currently no specific vaccine for yellow lamb disease.
Article
Immunology
Lore Van Damme, Natasja Cox, Chana Callens, Michelle Dargatz, Monika Fluegel, Sarah Hark, Frank Thiemann, Stefan Pelzer, Freddy Haesebrouck, Richard Ducatelle, Filip Van Immerseel, Evy Goossens
Summary: Clostridium perfringens produces ECM-degrading enzymes that play a role in avian necrotic enteritis. Different variants of the colA gene encoding collagenase were identified, with some variants linked to necrotic enteritis strains. Truncated collagenases may contribute to the pathology of necrotic enteritis by degrading collagen type IV in the intestinal villi.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Wei Wan, Yue Li, Jing Wang, Zhiying Jin, Wenwen Xin, Lin Kang, Junhong Wang, Xiaoyang Li, Yakun Cao, Hao Yang, Jinglin Wang, Shan Gao
Summary: In this study, a new type of dissolving microneedle patch (dMN) with a nanoparticle adjuvant was developed to enhance immune response and deliver the rETX(Y196E)-C protein vaccine. The dMN vaccine showed good mechanical properties, immunogenicity, and protection, effectively preventing ETX poisoning.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoli Gao, Qiaoli Yang, Shengwei Zhang, Xiaoyu Huang, Zunqiang Yan, Pengfei Wang, Ruirui Luo, Wei Wang, Kaihui Xie, Shuangbao Gun
Summary: The study found that the significant upregulation of ssc-miR-124a in IPEC-J2 cells after stimulation by C. perfringens beta2-toxin was associated with the demethylation status of the MiR-124A-1 and MiR-124A-2 gene promoters. This upregulation of ssc-miR-124a may help alleviate apoptosis and inflammation in the cells.
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masaya Takehara, Keiko Kobayashi, Masahiro Nagahama
Summary: Gas gangrene caused by Clostridium perfringens type A infection is a highly lethal infection characterized by rapid tissue necrosis. The pathogenesis of this infection involves the formation of platelet-leukocyte aggregates, which is promoted by alpha-toxin through increased cell membrane CD11b expression.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Richard W. Titball, Nicholas Lewis, Richard Nicholas
Summary: Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin is associated with enterotoxaemia in livestock and possibly plays a role in multiple sclerosis (MS) in humans. Strains of C. perfringens producing epsilon toxin are more likely to be found in the gut of MS patients and at higher levels, and MS patients are also more likely to have antibodies to epsilon toxin. The toxin damages the blood-brain barrier and brain cells expressing a specific receptor, leading to infiltration of immune cells and inducing an MS-like disease in an animal model. These findings suggest a role for epsilon toxin in MS, but further studies are needed to establish a causal relationship.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mohammad Ali Shamshirgaran, Mehdi Golchin, Elham Mohammadi
Summary: In this study, a recombinant Lactobacillus casei strain expressing the NetB protein of Clostridium perfringens was used as a probiotic-based vector vaccine to immunize broiler chickens against necrotic enteritis. The vaccinated birds showed significant protection against the disease and developed strong antibody responses. This study suggests that a probiotic-based vector vaccine could be a promising candidate for controlling necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiu Zeng, Baosheng Liu, Jiao Zhou, Yimin Dai, Chunsheng Han, Linkang Wang, Yunzheng Wu, Jinhua Zhang
Summary: Clostridium perfringens is a common opportunistic pathogen with pathogenicity dependent on toxin production. Analysis of the genome of a piglet-derived strain revealed the presence of two toxin genes, with cpb2 located on a large plasmid.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yiping Yin, Zhe Wang, Hua Zou
Summary: This study presents a novel method for preparing dimpled polymer-silica nanocomposite particles using interfacial swelling-based seeded polymerization. The optimized conditions allow for a relatively high percentage of dimpled particles to be achieved.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Brenden D. Hoehn, Elizabeth A. Kellstedt, Marc A. Hillmyer
Summary: Porous materials with nanometer-scale pores have important applications as nanoporous membranes. In this study, ABA triblock copolymers were used as precursors to produce nanoporous polymeric membranes (NPMs) in thin film form by degrading the end blocks. Polycyclooctene (PCOE) NPMs with tunable pore sizes were successfully prepared using solvent casting technique. Oxygen plasma etching was employed to improve the surface porosity and hydrophilicity of the membranes. This study provides a straightforward method to produce tough NPMs with high porosity and hydrophilic surface properties.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Vladislav S. Petrovskii, Stepan I. Zholudev, Igor I. Potemkin
Summary: This article investigates the behavior of linear and ring polypeptide chains in aqueous solution and explores the properties of the complexes formed by these chains with oppositely charged surfactants. The results demonstrate that the complexes of linear supercharged unfolded polypeptides and the corresponding surfactants exhibit impressive adhesive properties.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Merve Cevik, Serkan Dikici
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death globally, and vascular grafts are a promising treatment option. This study focuses on tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) using decellularized parsley stems as a potential biomaterial. The decellularized parsley stems showed suitable properties for TEVGs, providing a suitable environment for human endothelial cells to form a pseudo endothelium. This study showcases the potential of using parsley stems for TEVGs.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Gustavo A. Vasquez-Montoya, Tadej Emersic, Noe Atzin, Antonio Tavera-Vazquez, Ali Mozaffari, Rui Zhang, Orlando Guzman, Alexey Snezhko, Paul F. Nealey, Juan J. de Pablo
Summary: The optical properties of liquid crystals are typically controlled by electric fields. In this study, we investigate the effects of microfluidic flows and acoustic fields on the molecular orientation and optical response of nematic liquid crystals. We identify several previously unknown structures and explain them through calculations and simulations. These findings hold promise for the development of new systems combining sound, flow, and confinement.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xinjun Wu, Xin Guan, Shushu Chen, Jiangpeng Jia, Chongyi Chen, Jiawei Zhang, Chuanzhuang Zhao
Summary: This research presents a novel shape memory hydrogel with a remodelable permanent shape and programmable cold-induced shape recovery behavior. The hydrogel is prepared using specific treatment methods to achieve shape fixation by heating and shape recovery by cooling. Additionally, deformable devices can be obtained by assembling hydrogel blocks with different concentrations.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rebecca Hengsbach, Gerhard Fink, Ulrich Simon
Summary: This study examines the properties of DNA functionalized pNipmam microgels and pure pNipmam microgels at different concentrations of sodium chloride and in PBS solutions using temperature dependent H-1-NMR measurements. The results show that DNA modification affects the volume phase transition temperature and the addition of salt and PBS further enhances this effect.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ningyi Li, Junhong Li, Lijingting Qing, Shicheng Ma, Yao Li, Baohui Li
Summary: This paper investigates the self-assembly behavior of colloids with competing interactions under spherical confinement and finds that different ordered structures can be formed under different sized spherical confinements. Moreover, more perforated structures are formed in smaller spheres.