Article
Food Science & Technology
Laura Acquaticci, Simone Angeloni, Nazarena Cela, Fernanda Galgano, Sauro Vittori, Giovanni Caprioli, Nicola Condelli
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different coffee species, post-harvesting methods, and roasting conditions on the concentrations of coffee safety-related compounds and volatile compounds related to coffee sensory quality. The concentration of acrylamide decreased with stronger roasting conditions, while the levels of 3-methylbutanal, hexanal, and furanic compounds had an oscillatory trend. The highest concentrations of acrylamide, hexanal, and furanic compounds were found in dried Arabica coffee samples, while 3-methylbutanal was found in dried Robusta coffee samples. Wet-processing resulted in reduced concentrations of all monitored compounds.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lalita Priyamvada, Jillybeth Burgado, Marissa Baker-Wagner, Anatoliy Kitaygorodskyy, Victoria Olson, Vishwanath R. Lingappa, Panayampalli Subbian Satheshkumar
Summary: Decades after smallpox eradication and cessation of routine vaccination, over half of the world's population lacks immunity to variola virus and other orthopoxviruses, leading to an increase in human OPXV infections. Methylene blue derivatives, including PAV-866, exhibit potent inhibitory activity against vaccinia virus, showcasing a novel mode of inhibition and potential for combating OPXVs.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Liga Lauberte, Galina Telysheva, Giancarlo Cravotto, Anna Andersone, Sarmite Janceva, Tatiana Dizhbite, Alexandr Arshanitsa, Vilhelmine Jurkjane, Laima Vevere, Giorgio Grillo, Emanuela Calcio Gaudino, Silvia Tabasso
Summary: This study focused on the utilization of wheat straw for sugar production by pretreating it with low-frequency ultrasound (US) and hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) to obtain flavones-bound lignin. The procedures significantly decreased lignin content in the solid fraction while increasing ordered cellulose content. Through high-resolution mass spectrometry, low molecular weight lignin derivatives that could potentially be used as antioxidants were identified in the liquid phase after the treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Steven Marwaha, Edward Palmer, Trisha Suppes, Emily Cons, Allan H. Young, Rachel Upthegrove
Summary: Depression is a common mental health problem associated with increased suicide risk. Current pharmacological treatments have limitations in terms of efficacy and side effects, while psychosocial interventions may not be sufficient for moderate to severe depression. In the past decade, new targeted interventions have been developed and tested. This review assesses novel biological treatments for major depressive disorder, investigates their mechanisms, and evaluates their potential for clinical use.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xianglu Zhu, Laura E. Healy, Onur Sevindik, Da-Wen Sun, Serkan Selli, Hasim Kelebek, Brijesh K. Tiwari
Summary: The study examined the impact of different processing methods on the color and volatile compounds of Alaria esculenta, finding that microwave drying or a combination of microwave and ultrasound treatment can better retain volatile compounds. Drying methods significantly influenced the mineral content, while blanching treatments had a significant impact on specific mineral content.
Article
Neurosciences
Stefanie Linnhoff, Aiden Haghikia, Tino Zaehle
Summary: This study investigated the potential of P50 sensory gating and prepulse inhibition ratios as surrogate markers for cognitive fatigue in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). The results showed that P50 sensory gating was correlated with subjective fatigue ratings. This study is the first to demonstrate fatigue-related disruption of sensory gating in pwMS.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Jorge E. Rojas-Rivera, Alberto Ortiz, Fernando C. Fervenza
Summary: Primary membranous nephropathy (MN) is a kidney-specific autoimmune glomerular disease that leads to nephrotic syndrome (NS) in White adults. The use of immunosuppressive agents is recommended for patients with persistent NS unresponsive to conservative therapy. However, the optimal immunosuppressive treatment has not been established, and alternative therapies targeting B cells and plasma cells are being explored.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hao Zhang, Zongli Huo, Hualiang Liu, Wenliang Ji, Yonglin Zhou
Summary: A sensitive and rapid method was developed for measuring chlorate and perchlorate in freshly brewed coffee using ion chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The method demonstrated good linearity, recovery rates, and quantification limits for chlorate and perchlorate, and was successfully applied to retail coffee products, revealing the presence of these compounds in the beverages.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Stamatios Gregoriou, Maria Kyriazopoulou, Aikaterini Tsiogka, Dimitrios Rigopoulos
Summary: Onychomycosis, a common nail disease caused by fungi, often results in difficulties in daily life and severe emotional stress. Resistance to antifungals, increasing comorbidities, and polydrug use among the elderly have become challenges in treating onychomycosis. The development of new topical drugs addresses the need for effective agents with prolonged post-treatment disease-free time.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robin M. Tinghitella, E. Dale Broder, James H. Gallagher, Aaron W. Wikle, David M. Zonana
Summary: The study investigates the selection acting on a newly evolved male mating signal, a purring song, in Hawaiian populations of field crickets. Contrary to expectations, female crickets respond positively to purring while eavesdropping parasitoids do not, suggesting private communication among crickets. The findings suggest that natural and sexual selection play important roles in the earliest stages of signal evolution.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lillian McGilp, Aaron Semington, Jennifer Kimball
Summary: This study found that northern wild rice has dormancy and sulfuric acid treatment can increase early germination, while water treatment is more beneficial for producing viable plants. Hormonal treatments did not have a significant effect on germination or plant growth.
PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
V. S. Narayan, S. E. Uitentuis, R. M. Luiten, M. W. Bekkenk, A. Wolkerstorfer
Summary: The study assessed patients' perspectives on current and novel therapies for vitiligo, finding that most patients believe there is a need for new and improved treatments. A substantial number of patients expressed dissatisfaction with current treatments and are willing to participate in clinical trials for novel therapies.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jia Huang, Jiachi Yu, Jianan Wang, Jiayu Liu, Wei Xie, Ruibing Li, Chengbin Wang
Summary: This study identified three novel candidate proteins as promising circulating biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and disease progression in ALD. The combination of these biomarkers showed superior efficacy in monitoring disease progression compared to existing liver fibrosis evaluation indices.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Farindra Kumar Mahto, Akash Bhattacharya, Swati Bhattacharya
Summary: The Hsp70 chaperone protein system is crucial for protein folding and homeostasis. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the Lid domain has greater conformational flexibility than previously expected.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
A. C. Athanason, T. Nadav, C. Cates-Gatto, A. J. Roberts, M. Roberto, F. P. Varodayan
Summary: This study investigated whether ethanol dependence alters adrenergic receptor gene expression in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and central amgydala (CeA). The findings showed that dependence bidirectionally altered mouse brain alpha 1 and beta receptor mRNA levels, potentially leading to reduced mPFC adrenergic signaling and enhanced noradrenergic influence over the CeA. These brain region-specific gene expression changes were associated with long-term retention deficits and behavioral changes in a modified Barnes maze task.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF STRESS
(2023)
