Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Naoki Morimoto, Mikaze Kawada, Yuma Tomizawa, Akihisa Kaneko, Takeshi Nishimura
Summary: Human pelvic morphology shows sexual dimorphism that is most pronounced during peak fertility and becomes less marked during menopause. This study investigates pelvic development in Japanese macaques and finds that their pelvic morphology changes throughout adulthood, potentially adjusting to the higher obstetrical risks at advanced ages.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dario Herranz-Rodrigo, Silvia J. Tardaguila-Giacomozzi, Lloyd A. Courtenay, Juan-Jose Rodriguez-Alba, Antonio Garrucho, Jesus Recuero, Jose Yravedra
Summary: This study examines the tooth marks left by tigers and leopards on bones, finding that sexual dimorphism does not influence the morphology of tooth marks in these felid species.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Julie D. White, Karlijne Indencleef, Sahin Naqvi, Ryan J. Eller, Hanne Hoskens, Jasmien Roosenboom, Myoung Keun Lee, Jiarui Li, Jaaved Mohammed, Stephen Richmond, Ellen E. Quillen, Heather L. Norton, Eleanor Feingold, Tomek Swigut, Mary L. Marazita, Hilde Peeters, Greet Hens, John R. Shaffer, Joanna Wysocka, Susan Walsh, Seth M. Weinberg, Mark D. Shriver, Peter Claes
Summary: A multivariate genome-wide association study identifies 203 signals associated with facial variation, enriched for enhancer activity in cranial neural crest cells and craniofacial tissues. Multiple regions carry multiple signals, suggesting potential coordinated genetic actions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeremy J. Midgley, Michael D. Cramer
Summary: This study found significant differences between female and male plants in terms of sexual reproduction and vegetative growth. Female plants tend to allocate more resources to sexual reproduction, while male plants prioritize vegetative growth. However, the sex ratios and basal stem areas are equal between the sexes. This suggests that plant traits are not only related to nutrition, but also to reproduction.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Angie S. Reyes, Amaury Bittar, Laura C. C. Avila, Catalina Botia, Natalia P. Esmeral, Natasha I. Bloch
Summary: This study investigates brain neuroanatomy in 18 wild guppy populations and finds extensive variation in brain size and brain region volumes across populations in different environments and with varying degrees of predation risk. Unlike laboratory studies, differences in allometric scaling of brain regions lead to variation in brain region proportions across populations. The study also reveals an association between sexual traits and brain size.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Raees Khan, Robert S. Hill, Veit M. Doerken, Ed Biffin
Summary: The study of the reproductive morphology and trait evolution of Podocarpaceae provides valuable insights into the evolutionary history of plants. The research reveals the diverse seed cone morphology and trait evolution of the conifer family, with a specific focus on the presence of fleshy structures and their anatomical variations. The findings suggest complex and multiple evolutions of fleshy morphologies within the genus, which are associated with efficient light harvesting and bird dispersal. These traits have contributed to the success and wider distribution of Podocarpaceae in closed-canopy angiosperm forests.
Review
Evolutionary Biology
Joachim M. Surm, Yehu Moran
Summary: Venomous animals have evolved independently to synthesize, store, and secrete venom, which can be compartmentalized for different functions within and across life stages. Morphological and cellular complexity of the venom apparatus likely enhances the diversity of venom deployed, while intersexual variation contributes to the massive diversity of toxic compounds in these animals. The changes in the biochemical phenotype of venom can directly impact fitness, with important implications in diet, behavior, and mating biology.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yaxi Wang, Larry A. Gallagher, Pia A. Andrade, Andi Liu, Ian R. Humphreys, Serdar Turkarslan, Kevin J. Cutler, Mario L. Arrieta-Ortiz, Yaqiao Li, Matthew C. Radey, Jeffrey S. Mclean, Qian Cong, David Baker, Nitin S. Baliga, S. Brook Peterson, Joseph D. Mougous
Summary: This article reports on the genetic manipulation and epibiotic growth characteristics of Patescibacteria, as well as the use of transposon-insertion sequencing and fluorescent protein labeling imaging techniques to study their contribution to host growth. The article also provides protein structure-based bioinformatics resources.
Article
Biology
Leslie M. Kollar, Scott Kiel, Ashley J. James, Cody T. Carnley, Danielle N. Scola, Taylor N. Clark, Tikahari Khanal, Todd N. Rosenstiel, Elliott T. Gall, Karl Grieshop, Stuart F. McDaniel
Summary: The study identified genetic variation for fitness in natural populations can be maintained by sexual antagonism and revealed the genetic architecture of sexual dimorphism in a moss species. The findings suggest that the response to sexually antagonistic or sexually concordant selection is dependent on the traits experiencing selection, and sex-specific genetic architectures have evolved to partly resolve multivariate genetic constraints.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Linda H. Lidborg, Catharine Penelope Cross, Lynda G. Boothroyd
Summary: This study suggests that strength/muscularity may be sexually selected in humans, while other forms of masculinity do not show clear evidence of selection. Further research is needed to understand the evolutionary hypotheses in non-industrialized populations.
Article
Plant Sciences
Barbara Ramaldes, Renata Santos, Andre Rodrigo Rech, Michellia Soares
Summary: Diospyros sericea, a tree/shrub species considered dioecious, is widely distributed in Brazil. Despite its ecological importance, little is known about this species and its sexual system has not been studied. This study investigated dioecy expression in D. sericea through the analysis of sexual dimorphisms in phenology and floral biology. The findings suggest the existence of subdioecious populations with inconstant males in D. sericea.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chao Du, Wujiao Li, Zhaohui Fu, Chunyan Yi, Xu Liu, Bisong Yue
Summary: Blister beetles have medicinal uses due to their defensive secretion cantharidin, which has curative effects on various diseases. This study identified sexual dimorphism in cantharidin production between male and female Epicauta tibialis adults through transcriptome analysis, revealing differential gene expression between the sexes and potential pathways associated with cantharidin biosynthesis. The up-regulated genes in the terpenoid biosynthesis pathway in male adults may play a significant role in cantharidin production, potentially through the mevalonate pathway.
ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander Anders, Remy Colin, Alvaro Banderas, Victor Sourjik
Summary: Studying yeast, it was found that different mating types exhibited asymmetrical responses in pheromone secretion, leading to enhanced mating efficiency and potential selective advantage.
Article
Biology
DongAhn Yoo, Junhee Park, Chul Lee, Injun Song, Young Ho Lee, Tery Yun, Hyemin Lee, Adriana Heguy, Jae Yong Han, Jeremy S. Dasen, Heebal Kim, Myungin Baek
Summary: By comparing the transcriptomes of motor neurons in mouse, skate, and chicken, shared and divergent gene expression profiles were identified, and shared and divergent transcription factor motifs were predicted, which may contribute to the understanding of the conserved and divergent molecular mechanisms in MN development in vertebrates.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiaxun Zhang, Yan Li, Shiju Luo, Min Cao, Linan Zhang, Xiaojie Li
Summary: This study investigated the differential gene expression between male and female gametophytes in the dioicous kelp S. japonica. A large number of sex-biased genes were found in mature gametophytes, related to the divergence of phenotypic traits and physiological functions between female and male gametes during sexual differentiation. The excess of male-biased genes in the mature stage may reflect different levels of sexual selection across sexes in S. japonica.
