Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michelle D. Kelsey, Adam J. Nelson, Jennifer B. Green, Christopher B. Granger, Eric D. Peterson, Darren K. McGuire, Neha J. Pagidipati
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is a major concern for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and aggressive risk factor management is crucial for these high-risk patients. Recommendations and guidelines from professional societies in cardiology, endocrinology, nephrology, and general medicine in the United States and Europe provide guidance on cardiovascular risk reduction for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. While there are some differences in risk stratification, treatment targets for low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and blood pressure, as well as the use of specific medications, overall there is significant alignment across recommendations from different professional societies.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Rey-Renones, Jose Miguel Baena-Diez, Isabel Aguilar-Palacio, Cristina Miquel, Maria Grau
Summary: Individuals with type 2 diabetes are at higher risk for developing and dying from cancer, possibly due to metabolic abnormalities such as obesity. Understanding this link can aid in designing personalized preventive strategies.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Georgia Chatzi, William Whittaker, Tarani Chandola, Thomas Mason, Claudia Soiland-Reyes, Matt Sutton, Peter Bower
Summary: The impact factors of the NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme (DPP) in England are not well understood. This study compares the representation of non-diabetic hyperglycaemia (NDH) population at different stages of the DPP and finds that younger and older adults, as well as people living in deprived areas, are slightly under-represented in the programme. Ethnic minorities are over-represented at the identification and offer stages but drop at the programme completion stage. The DPP has the potential to reduce ethnic inequalities but may widen socioeconomic, age, and health-related inequalities in T2DM.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rosa Jimenez-Lucena, Juan Francisco Alcala-Diaz, Irene Roncero-Ramos, Javier Lopez-Moreno, Antonio Camargo, Francisco Gomez-Delgado, Gracia M. Quintana-Navarro, Cristina Vals-Delgado, Fernando Rodriguez-Cantalejo, Raul M. Luque, Javier Delgado-Lista, Jose M. Ordovas, Pablo Perez-Martinez, Oriol Alberto Rangel-Zuniga, Jose Lopez-Miranda
Summary: The study found that the plasma levels of miRNAs at baseline were associated with the risk of developing T2DM after dietary intervention, with different miRNAs playing different roles depending on the diet. Pathway analysis indicated that miR-126 and miR29a were involved in regulating signaling pathways associated with T2DM development.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Jingying Liu, Chun Yao, Yitao Wang, Jinmin Zhao, Hua Luo
Summary: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has potential for preventing and managing type 2 diabetes through nonpharmacological interventions such as healthy diet, physical activity, emotional therapy, and acupuncture. Studies have shown significant improvement in blood glucose status for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes patients after TCM non-drug interventions. However, the methodological quality of clinical trials involving TCM is generally low and further exploration is needed to validate its effectiveness and underlying mechanism for preventing type 2 diabetes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David M. Nathan, GRADE Study Res Grp, John M. Lachin, Ashok Balsubramanyam, Henry B. Burch, John B. Buse, Nicole M. Butera, Robert M. Cohen, Jill P. Crandall, Steven E. Kahn, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Mary E. Larkin, Neda Rasouli, Margaret Tiktin, Deborah J. Wexler, Naji Younes
Summary: In this trial, all four glucose-lowering medications added to metformin were effective in reducing glycated hemoglobin levels. Glargine and liraglutide showed modestly superior efficacy in achieving and maintaining target glycated hemoglobin levels.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Suriya Prausmueller, Michael Resl, Henrike Arfsten, Georg Spinka, Raphael Wurm, Stephanie Neuhold, Philipp E. Bartko, Georg Goliasch, Guido Strunk, Noemi Pavo, Martin Clodi, Martin Huelsmann
Summary: In individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the new ESC/EASD risk stratification model showed limited performance compared to the SCORE and single NT-proBNP assessment in predicting 10-year cardiovascular disease and all-cause fatal events. Score and NT-proBNP had significantly higher C-indices for predicting CVD and all-cause death compared to the ESC/EASD risk model.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thaddaus Toennies, Christin Heidemann, Rebecca Paprott, Esther Seidel-Jacobs, Christa Scheidt-Nave, Ralph Brinks, Annika Hoyer
Summary: A study on the projected prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the German adult population in 2040 found that a 50% tax intervention on sugar-sweetened beverages, tobacco, and red meat products in 2020 could modestly reduce the number and prevalence of adults with type 2 diabetes. However, raising taxes on unhealthy products alone may not be enough to mitigate the future rise of type 2 diabetes.
BMJ OPEN DIABETES RESEARCH & CARE
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ana Barbosa, Stephen Whiting, Ding Ding, Joao Brito, Romeu Mendes
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review to synthesize economic evaluation studies of physical activity interventions for type 2 diabetes management. The findings suggest that physical activity interventions are a worthwhile investment, as they can save costs and have cost-effectiveness. However, the variability in interventions and study designs may explain the differences in economic measures.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Katarzyna Wnuk, Jakub Switalski, Tomasz Tatara, Wojciech Miazga, Sylwia Jopek, Anna Augustynowicz, Urszula Religioni, Mariusz Gujski
Summary: This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of workplace interventions in preventing type 2 diabetes. The results suggest that multicomponent interventions, including educational activities, dietary changes, and increased physical activity, are more effective than single-component interventions.
CURRENT DIABETES REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Roman Keller, Sven Hartmann, Gisbert Wilhelm Teepe, Kim-Morgaine Lohse, Aishah Alattas, Lorainne Tudor Car, Falk Muller-Riemenschneider, Florian von Wangenheim, Jacqueline Louise Mair, Tobias Kowatsch
Summary: This study aims to identify the top-funded companies offering digital behavior change interventions (DBCIs) for type 2 diabetes management and prevention. The level of scientific evidence supporting these interventions and the use of novel automated approaches are examined. The results indicate that the funding received by these companies does not align with the evidence of intervention effectiveness. There is limited evidence supporting the different DBCIs, and there is a need for more rigorous trials and transparent reporting. The use of automated approaches such as conversational agents and just-in-time adaptive interventions is currently limited.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicholas J. Wareham
Summary: This review examines the degree of personalization in existing interventions for preventing type 2 diabetes and suggests ways to achieve greater personalization through better identification of high-risk individuals, subdivision of type 2 diabetes into specific subgroups, and individualization of preventive targets. The use of more dynamic real-time data shows promise but requires further evaluation against clinical outcomes. Future personalized preventive approaches should complement existing individual-level interventions and align with strategies at the societal level.
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Esperanza Varela-Moreno, Monica Carreira Soler, Jose Guzman-Parra, Francisco Jodar-Sanchez, Fermin Mayoral-Cleries, Maria Teresa Anarte-Ortiz
Summary: This systematic review examines the efficacy of psychological interventions delivered through information and communication technologies (ICTs) for improving depressive symptomatology in patients with diabetes. The results show that these interventions have beneficial effects on depressive symptoms at the end of treatment and in the short and long term. However, they do not appear to significantly improve glycemic control.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Christine Gyldenkerne, Martin Bodtker Mortensen, Johnny Kahlert, Pernille Gro Thrane, Kevin Kris Warnakula Olesen, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Reimar Wernich Thomsen, Michael Maeng
Summary: Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients, especially among younger individuals. Compared to the general population, individuals with type 2 diabetes have a significantly higher 10-year risk of developing cardiovascular events, occurring at least 12 years earlier.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jianbo Xiao
Summary: This review article summarizes the advances in the use of dietary flavonoids for managing type 2 diabetes. While the hypoglycemic effects of flavonoids have been widely reported in animal studies, their therapeutic effects on diabetes in clinical trials are limited. However, many flavonoid compounds can ameliorate diabetes complications through their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities. The clinical data on the anti-diabetic effects of flavonoids are still limited, and the relationship between the structure of flavonoids and their anti-diabetic activity is not well understood. Foods rich in flavonoids can prevent and manage type 2 diabetes, and combining them with other components can enhance their anti-diabetic potential.
CURRENT OPINION IN FOOD SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Rehabilitation
Vicki L. Johnson, Lindsay Apps, Michelle Hadjiconstantinou, Marian E. Carey, Elizabeth Kreit, Ricky Mullis, Jonathan Mant, Melanie J. Davies
Summary: This study aimed to develop a structured self-management programme to address the unmet long-term needs of stroke survivors. The programme was developed through a systematic process based on evidence and theory, and involved three phases.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ash Routen, Sophia Abner, Louis S. Levene, Clare L. L. Gillies, Melanie Davies, Samuel Seidu, G. Andre Ng, Kamlesh Khunti
Summary: This study used published data to describe differences in documented and estimated atrial fibrillation (AF) prevalence in general practices in England, and explored predictors of variations in AF prevalence. The results showed that documented AF prevalence was lower than estimated. Practice and population characteristics were found to be associated with variations in AF documentation.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Charlotte Hannah Gaughan, Cameron Razieh, Kamlesh Khunti, Amitava Banerjee, Yogini Chudasama, Melanie J. Davies, Ted Dolby, Clare L. Gillies, Claire Lawson, Evgeny M. Mirkes, Jasper Morgan, Karen Tingay, Francesco Zaccardi, Thomas Yates, Vahe Nafilyan
Summary: Despite high vaccination rates in the UK, certain ethnic minority communities have lower take-up rates. All ethnic groups have lower vaccination rates compared to the white British population, with black communities having the lowest rates.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mikhail N. Kosiborod, Meena Bhatta, Melanie Davies, John E. Deanfield, W. Timothy Garvey, Usman Khalid, Robert Kushner, Domenica M. Rubino, Niels Zeuthen, Subodh Verma
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg on cardiometabolic risk factors in people with overweight/obesity without diabetes. The results showed that semaglutide can improve waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid levels, and reduce the use of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications. However, these benefits were not maintained after treatment discontinuation.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mary M. Barker, Melanie J. Davies, Francesco Zaccardi, Emer M. Brady, Andrew P. Hall, Joseph J. Henson, Kamlesh Khunti, Amelia Lake, Emma L. Redman, Alex V. Rowlands, Jane Speight, Tom Yates, Jack A. Sargeant, Michelle Hadjiconstantinou
Summary: This study investigated the association between age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and depressive symptoms, diabetes-specific distress, and self-compassion. The results showed that younger age at diagnosis was significantly associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms and diabetes-specific distress, and lower levels of self-compassion.
Article
Sport Sciences
Alex V. Rowlands, Paddy C. Dempsey, Benjamin Maylor, Cameron Razieh, Francesco Zaccardi, Melanie J. Davies, Kamlesh Khunti, Thomas Yates
Summary: This study examined the association between self-reported walking pace and all-cause mortality (ACM), and found that the association persisted across different categories of accelerometer-assessed physical activity status. The results showed that a higher walking pace was associated with higher physical activity levels and lower risk of all-cause mortality. The findings highlight the importance of both self-reported walking pace and accelerometer-assessed physical activity in predicting mortality risk.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Janine Dretzke, Ava Lorenc, Ada Adriano, Clare Herd, Hisham Mehanna, Paul Nankivell, David J. Moore
Summary: The current follow-up models in cancer are seen as unsustainable and inflexible. Patient-initiated follow-up (PIFU) is gaining interest as an alternative model, and it is important to determine its acceptability to patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs). The findings show that most women treated for breast or endometrial cancer and HCPs support PIFU, but further research is needed.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Thomas M. Withers, Nikki J. Garner, Chris S. Thorley, Jo Kellett, Lucy Price, Sara Auckland, Jo Sheldon, Amanda Howe, Melanie Pascale, Jane R. Smith, Mike J. Sampson, Colin J. Greaves
Summary: The Norfolk Diabetes Prevention Study (NDPS) aimed to reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes in high-risk individuals through a group-delivered educational intervention. The study found that the NDPS intervention was delivered to an acceptable standard and did not require any improvements.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Amanda J. Daley, Ryan A. Griffin, Catherine A. Moakes, James P. Sanders, Magdalena Skrybant, Natalie Ives, Ben Maylor, Sheila M. Greenfield, Kajal Gokal, Helen M. Parretti, Stuart J. H. Biddle, Colin Greaves, Ralph Maddison, Nanette Mutrie, Dale W. Esliger, Lauren Sherar, Charlotte L. Edwardson, Tom Yates, Emma Frew, Sarah Tearne, Kate Jolly
Summary: Current physical activity guidelines focus on weekly accumulation of at least 150 min of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), but many people still do not regularly participate in physical activity. Snacktivity (TM) is a concept that encourages the public to be more physically active through small, frequent bursts of MVPA throughout the day. This study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the Snacktivity (TM) intervention and inform the design of a subsequent phase III randomized trial.
PILOT AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Barry A. Borlaug, Dalane W. Kitzman, Melanie J. Davies, Soren Rasmussen, Eric Barros, Javed Butler, Mette Nygaard Einfeldt, G. Kees Hovingh, Daniel Vega Moller, Mark C. Petrie, Sanjiv J. Shah, Subodh Verma, Walter Abhayaratna, Fozia Z. Ahmed, Vijay Chopra, Justin Ezekowitz, Michael Fu, Hiroshi Ito, Malgorzata Lelonek, Vojtech Melenovsky, Julio Nunez, Eduardo Perna, Morten Schou, Michele Senni, Peter van der Meer, Dirk Von Lewinski, Dennis Wolf, Mikhail N. Kosiborod
Summary: In the STEP-HFpEF trial, semaglutide demonstrated positive treatment effects on symptoms, physical limitations, exercise function, and body weight in patients with the obesity phenotype of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The results showed that semaglutide consistently improved outcomes across different obesity categories and the magnitude of benefit was directly related to the extent of weight loss.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Peter Ladlow, Max J. Western, Colin J. Greaves, Janice L. Thompson, Janet Withall, Jolanthe de Koning, Jessica C. Bollen, Sarah J. Moorlock, Jack M. Guralnik, Kenneth R. Fox, Afroditi Stathi
Summary: This study investigated the effectiveness of the REACT exercise intervention in improving physical function in older adults. The intervention group showed significant improvements in strength and balance at 12-months, but not in gait speed. Additionally, the intervention group reported significant improvements in mobility assessment, physical component scores, and subjective physical activity.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Colin J. Greaves, Leon Poltawski, Samantha B. van Beurden, Lisa Price, Rodney S. Taylor, Richard Merrifield, Lucy O'Loughlin
Summary: The feasibility and acceptability of integrating novel, weight loss maintenance strategies into existing weight management programmes were evaluated in this study. The results showed that although the delivery of the intervention and trial procedures were feasible and acceptable, there was still room for improvement in order to engage a wider range of participants. Therefore, more research is needed to improve recruitment and retention.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aron P. Sherry, Scott A. Willis, Thomas Yates, William Johnson, Cameron Razieh, Jack A. Sargeant, Sundus Malaikah, David J. Stensel, Guruprasad P. Aithal, James A. King
Summary: This study found a negative correlation between habitual physical activity and hepatic fibro-inflammation. It showed that more intense physical activity, particularly vigorous-intensity activities, is beneficial for the liver, and this effect is more pronounced in individuals with higher levels of body and liver fat.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
T. Yates, G. J. H. Biddle, J. Henson, C. L. Edwardson, F. Arsenyadis, L. M. Goff, D. Papamargaritis, D. R. Webb, K. Khunti, M. J. Davies
Summary: This study investigates the impact of weight cycling on fat mass and fat-free mass in a primary care population at high risk of type 2 diabetes, using 24-month weight change trajectories.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)