Review
Oncology
Yucheng Dong, Qi He, Xinyu Chen, Fan Yang, Li He, Yongchang Zheng
Summary: Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) is circular DNA that plays a significant role in cancer development and heterogeneity. Advances in detection methods, such as microscopy and sequencing, have greatly improved our understanding of ecDNA's molecular characteristics, functions, mechanisms of formation, and clinical implications in cancer. This review focuses on the role of ecDNA in acquired drug resistance, its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, and its significance as a therapeutic target in cancer.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Ameneh Jafari, Amirhesam Babajani, Meghdad Abdollahpour-Alitappeh, Nayebali Ahmadi, Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani
Summary: Exosomes, originating from various types of cells, are crucial in cell-to-cell communication and cancer progression. Their unique biogenesis, low immunogenicity, and ability to target tumor cells make them attractive for cancer therapy. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of exosomes' involvement in tumorigenesis is crucial for developing next-generation cancer therapeutics.
Review
Oncology
Xuehao Zhou, Xiang Ao, Zhaojun Jia, Yiwen Li, Shouxiang Kuang, Chengcheng Du, Jinyu Zhang, Jianxun Wang, Ying Liu
Summary: Cancer, a serious and life-threatening disease, is a global health concern. The development of drug resistance poses a challenge to chemotherapy. Non-coding RNAs have been found to play a significant role in regulating drug resistance in cancer, and they also show potential as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, as well as therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Xiaolin Cui, Qiang Fu, Xueying Wang, Pengcheng Xia, Xianglun Cui, Xiaohui Bai, Zhiming Lu
Summary: Exosomes play important roles in prostate cancer by mediating various biological processes and have potential as novel diagnostic markers and candidates for targeted drug delivery systems.
BIOMARKER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tullio Palmerini, Antonio Giulio Bruno, Bjorn Redfors, Marco Valgimigli, Nevio Taglieri, Fausto Feres, Alexandre Abizaid, Ricardo Costa, Martine Gilard, Marie-Claude Morice, Myeong-Ki Hong, Byeong-Keuk Kim, Yangsoo Jang, Hyo-Soo Kim, Kyung Woo Park, Antonio Colombo, Alaide Chieffo, Masato Nakamura, Lak N. Kotinkaduwa, Elena Nardi, Francesco Saia, Mauro Gasparini, Giulia Rizzello, Giora Weisz, Ajay J. Kirtane, Roxana Mehran, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Nazzareno Galie, Gregg W. Stone
Summary: This study found that compared to 6-month DAPT, a 1-year duration of DAPT did not reduce adverse ischemic events in any risk strata among DES patients, but was associated with greater bleeding in patients at increased risk of bleeding.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Tingting Hu, Jifa Zhang, Jiaxing Wang, Leihao Sha, Yilin Xia, Tyler C. Ortyl, Xiaohe Tian, Lei Chen
Summary: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder caused by abnormal electrical discharge in the brain. Drug therapy is the main approach for treatment, but a significant number of patients are resistant to the available medications. Long-term use of these drugs can lead to adverse effects and economic burden. Therefore, finding safer and more effective medications is crucial.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Tingting Hu, Jifa Zhang, Jiaxing Wang, Leihao Sha, Yilin Xia, Tyler C. Ortyl, Xiaohe Tian, Lei Chen
Summary: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by temporary brain dysfunction caused by abnormal neural electrical activity. Drug therapy is the primary method of treatment for epilepsy, but around 30% of patients do not respond to current antiseizure drugs. Long-term use of these drugs can lead to adverse effects and increased tolerability concerns. Research for more effective and safer antiseizure drugs is still an ongoing and urgent task, and this Perspective article focuses on summarizing the current progress of small-molecule drug candidates in epilepsy therapy.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rui-Fang Dong, Miao-Lin Zhu, Ming-Ming Liu, Yi-Ting Xu, Liu-Liu Yuan, Jing Bian, Yuan-Zheng Xia, Ling-Yi Kong
Summary: The article discusses the mechanisms of EGFR-TKIs resistance induced by secondary EGFR mutations, such as T790M and C797S. It highlights the development of targeted drugs to overcome resistance mediated by EGFR mutations.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Ying Liu, Xiang Ao, Guoqiang Ji, Yuan Zhang, Wanpeng Yu, Jianxun Wang
Summary: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system worldwide, and chemotherapy is the standard treatment option. Drug resistance limits the clinical application of chemotherapeutic agents in GC patients. MiRNAs may play crucial roles in the development of drug resistance in GC progression by regulating drug resistance-related proteins and gene expression, and they have potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yan Li, Chunyan Yu, Weimin Deng
Summary: Adipokines play a crucial role in inducing drug resistance in cancer cells through various functional mechanisms. Understanding the roles and molecular targets of adipokines may lead to the development of novel strategies for cancer treatment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Raul Ortiz, Gloria Perazzoli, Laura Cabeza, Cristina Jimenez-Luna, Raquel Luque, Jose Prados, Consolacion Melguizo
Summary: Temozolomide is an oral alkylating prodrug commonly used in the treatment of high-grade gliomas, with high oral bioavailability and the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. However, despite its efficacy, patient survival remains relatively short, largely due to tumor drug resistance. Understanding the mechanisms of resistance is crucial for the development of new therapeutic strategies to improve clinical outcomes.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Rebar N. Mohammed, Mohsen Khosravi, Heshu Sulaiman Rahman, Ali Adili, Navid Kamali, Pavel Petrovich Soloshenkov, Lakshmi Thangavelu, Hossein Saeedi, Navid Shomali, Rozita Tamjidifar, Alireza Isazadeh, Ramin Aslaminabad, Morteza Akbari
Summary: Balanced cell death and survival pathways, including anastasis, play a critical role in cell development and homeostasis. Anastasis is a natural cell recovery pathway that promotes the survival of damaged or tumor cells, and contributes to the development of malignancy and drug resistance.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qiurong Yang, Jing Xu, Jianmei Gu, Hui Shi, Jiayin Zhang, Jianye Zhang, Zhe-Sheng Chen, Xinjian Fang, Taofeng Zhu, Xu Zhang
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play critical roles in cancer progression, including cancer growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. They regulate signaling pathways associated with cancer stemness and autophagy, influencing cancer cells' resistance to chemotherapy and other treatments. Additionally, EVs modulate the interactions between cancer cells and noncancer cells in the tumor microenvironment, leading to therapy resistance.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Aneliya Parvanova, Elia Reseghetti, Manuela Abbate, Piero Ruggenenti
Summary: The prevalence of obesity has tripled over the past five decades, leading to an increased risk of hypertension. While the causal relationship between obesity and high blood pressure is well established, the detailed mechanisms for such association are still under research.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Pinhao Fang, Jianfeng Zhou, Zhiwen Liang, Yushang Yang, Siyuan Luan, Xin Xiao, Xiaokun Li, Hanlu Zhang, Qixin Shang, Xiaoxi Zeng, Yong Yuan
Summary: Esophageal cancer is a common malignant gastrointestinal cancer in adults. Immunotherapy has shown promise in treating esophageal cancer, but the response rate and development of resistance remain significant challenges. The exact mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance in esophageal cancer are still unclear due to the heterogeneity within the immune microenvironment and the highly disparate oncological characteristics among patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mohamed Farag, Marta Peverelli, Nikolaos Spinthakis, Ying X. Gue, Mohaned Egred, Diana A. Gorog
Summary: This review discusses the therapeutic management dilemma presented by patients with transient ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or spontaneous resolution (SpR) of ST-segment elevation. The potential mechanisms underlying SpR, its relation to clinical outcomes, and the management options for transient STEMI patients with a focus on immediate versus early percutaneous coronary intervention are explored. Available data suggest that deferring angiography and revascularization within 24-48 hours in these patients is reasonable and may lead to similar or better outcomes compared to immediate angiography. Further randomized trials are needed to determine the optimal pharmacological and invasive strategies for this patient population.
CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS AND THERAPY
(2023)
Correction
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sean M. Davidson, Kishal Lukhna, Diana A. Gorog, Alan D. Salama, Alejandro Rosell Castillo, Sara Giesz, Pelin Golforoush, Siavash Beikoghli Kalkhoran, Sandrine Lecour, Aqeela Imamdin, Helison R. P. do Carmo, Ticiane Goncalez Bovi, Mauricio W. Perroud, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Andrei C. Sposito, Derek M. Yellon
CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jacek Kubica, Piotr Adamski, Diana A. Gorog, Aldona Kubica, Bernd Jilma, Andrzej Budaj, Jolanta M. Siller-Matula, Paul A. Gurbel, Dimitrios Alexopoulos, Jolita Badariene, Pawel Dabrowski, Dariusz Dudek, Evangelos Giannitsis, Grzegorz Horszczaruk, Milosz J. Jaguszewski, Stefan James, Young-Hoon Jeong, Michal Kryjak, Piotr Niezgoda, Malgorzata Ostrowska, Giuseppe Patti, Janusz Romanek, Salvatore Di Somma, Giuseppe Specchia, Udaya Tantry, Mariusz Gasior, Agnieszka Tycinska, Wojciech Wojakowski, Katarzyna Buszko, Robert Gil, Marcin Gruchala, Jaroslaw Kasprzak, Andrzej Kleinrok, Jacek Legutko, Maciej Lesiak, Eliano P. Navarese
CARDIOLOGY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Piotr Niezgoda, Malwina Baranska, Piotr Adamski, Lukasz Pietrzykowski, Michal Piotr Marszall, Wojciech Wojakowski, Wiktor Kuliczkowski, Diana Gorog, Bernd Jilma, Klaudiusz Nadolny, Eliano Pio Navarese, Aldona Kubica, Jacek Kubica
CARDIOLOGY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter W. Horby, Guilherme Pessoa-Amorim, Natalie Staplin, Jonathan R. Emberson, Mark Campbell, Enti Spata, Leon Peto, Nigel J. Brunskill, Simon Tiberi, Victor Chew, Thomas Brown, Hasan Tahir, Beate Ebert, David Chadwick, Tony Whitehouse, Rahuldeb Sarkar, Clive Graham, J. Kenneth Baillie, Buddha Basnyat, Maya H. Buch, Lucy C. Chappell, Jeremy Day, Saul N. Faust, Raph L. Hamers, Thomas Jaki, Edmund Juszczak, Katie Jeffery, Wei Shen Lim, Alan Montgomery, Andrew Mumford, Kathryn Rowan, Guy Thwaites, Marion Mafham, Richard Haynes, Martin J. Landray
Summary: In patients hospitalized with COVID-19, aspirin was not associated with reductions in 28-day mortality or in the risk of progressing to invasive mechanical ventilation or death, but was associated with a small increase in the rate of being discharged alive within 28 days.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Diana A. Gorog, Robert F. Storey, Paul A. Gurbel, Udaya S. Tantry, Jeffrey S. Berger, Mark Y. Chan, Daniel Duerschmied, Susan S. Smyth, William A. E. Parker, Ramzi A. Ajjan, Gemma Vilahur, Lina Badimon, Jurrien M. ten Berg, Hugo ten Cate, Flora Peyvandi, Taia T. Wang, Richard C. Becker
Summary: COVID-19 predisposes patients to thrombotic and thromboembolic events. Numerous biomarkers have emerged to assess the thrombotic risk in these patients, informing prognosis and predicting thrombosis.
NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Hematology
Diana Adrienne Gorog, Steffen Massberg
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Correction
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gregory Y. H. Lip, Agnieszka Kotalczyk, Christine Teutsch, Hans-Christoph Diener, Sergio J. Dubner, Jonathan L. Halperin, Chang-Sheng Ma, Kenneth J. Rothman, Sabrina Marler, Venkatesh Kumar Gurusamy, Menno V. Huisman
Summary: The name of the GLORIA-AF investigator was mistakenly written as Athanasios Kollias instead of Anastasios Kollias in the Acknowledgements section of the article. The error has been corrected.
CLINICAL RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gregory Y. H. Lip, Agnieszka Kotalczyk, Christine Teutsch, Hans-Christoph Diener, Sergio J. Dubner, Jonathan L. Halperin, Chang-Sheng Ma, Kenneth J. Rothman, Sabrina Marler, Venkatesh Kumar Gurusamy, Menno Huisman
Summary: This study compared the safety and effectiveness of different non-vitamin K antagonists (NOACs) in newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. The results showed that dabigatran had a lower risk of major bleeding compared to rivaroxaban, but similar risks of stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and death. Patients treated with dabigatran had similar risks of stroke, major bleeding, MI, and death compared to apixaban. Rivaroxaban had an increased risk of major bleeding compared to apixaban, but similar risks of stroke, MI, and death.
CLINICAL RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Christophe Vandenbriele, Deepa J. Arachchillage, Pascal Frederiks, Gennaro Giustino, Diana A. Gorog, Mario Gramegna, Stefan Janssens, Bart Meyns, Amin Polzin, Mara Scandroglio, Benedikt Schrage, Gregg W. Stone, Guido Tavazzi, Thomas Vanassche, Pascal Vranckx, Dirk Westermann, Susanna Price, Alaide Chieffo
Summary: There is growing interest in the use of mechanical circulatory support for patients with cardiogenic shock, but the delicate balance between bleeding and thrombosis poses challenges for patient outcomes. This article presents an anti-Factor Xa/activated partial thromboplastin time-guided anticoagulation algorithm and discusses the monitoring pitfalls of heparin in critically ill patients, aiming to guide physicians in standardizing anticoagulation treatment to reduce device-related morbidity and mortality.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rahim Kanji, Ying X. Gue, Vassilios Memtsas, Neil H. Spencer, Diana A. Gorog
Summary: Spontaneous reperfusion in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients is related to decreased thrombotic profile and improved outcomes.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Hematology
Diana A. Gorog, Visvesh Jeyalan, Rafaella I. L. Markides, Eliano P. Navarese, Young-Hoon Jeong, Mohamed Farag
Summary: There are differences in bleeding risk between East Asians and non-East Asians in acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). In East Asians, reducing the intensity or duration of DAPT can minimize bleeding risk. In non-East Asians, reducing the intensity of DAPT may increase the risk of ischemia. Reducing the duration of DAPT can reduce bleeding risk without significant impact on ischemic risk.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Charlotte J. Van Edom, Diana A. Gorog, Christophe Vandenbriele
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Diana A. Gorog, Jose Luis Ferreiro, Ingo Ahrens, Junya Ako, Tobias Geisler, Sigrun Halvorsen, Kurt Huber, Young-Hoon Jeong, Eliano P. Navarese, Andrea Rubboli, Dirk Sibbing, Jolanta M. Siller-Matula, Robert F. Storey, Jack W. C. Tan, Jurrien M. ten Berg, Marco Valgimigli, Christophe Vandenbriele, Gregory Y. H. Lip
Summary: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) reduces the risk of ischaemic events but increases bleeding risk in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Strategies to reduce bleeding include de-escalation of DAPT intensity or abbreviation of DAPT duration, which both require individual assessment of ischaemic and bleeding risks.
NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Rahim Kanji, Joshua Leader, Vassilios Memtsas, Diana A. Gorog
Summary: Thrombus formation in severely stenosed arteries is mainly initiated by high shear activation of platelets, and soluble platelet agonists have a secondary role in thrombus growth and stability. Conventional platelet function tests only evaluate the soluble agonist-dependent pathway of aggregation. The Global Thrombosis Test (GTT) simulates thrombus formation in whole blood under high shear flow and measures occlusive thrombus formation time and spontaneous thrombolysis. The GTT-3 model provides additional assessment of thrombus stability and can be used to evaluate the impact of antithrombotic medications on thrombus stability at high shear.
CLINICAL AND APPLIED THROMBOSIS-HEMOSTASIS
(2023)