Article
Thermodynamics
Ermerson F. de Moura, Izabela B. Henriques, Guilherme B. Ribeiro
Summary: With the advancement of the new space era, there is an increasing need for long-term missions beyond Earth's orbit, such as Mars and Moon exploration. These missions are more complex in terms of duration and energy demand. In this study, a thermodynamic model of a nuclear-powered Stirling cycle coupled with a dynamic engine model was developed to provide insights into the system performance. The results showed that the regenerator efficiency and compression ratio have significant effects on the engine efficiency. The best parameters yielded a system with a power output of 260.5 kW and a power density of 35.38 kg.kW(-1). This study serves as a theoretical guideline for the future design of nuclear-powered Stirling engines for space applications.
THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ermerson F. de Moura, Izabela B. Henriques, Guilherme B. Ribeiro
Summary: In recent years, there has been an increased interest in space exploration, particularly in deep space missions, by space agencies and private companies. These missions require high energy levels, leading to the need for more efficient and compact energy conversion systems. This study developed a finite-time thermodynamic model and exergy analysis of a Stirling cycle for nuclear space power generation to address these challenges.
THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Raphael Paul, Karl Heinz Hoffmann
Summary: A novel class of reduced-order regenerator models based on Endoreversible Thermodynamics is presented, featuring the idea of internally reversible regenerators. By defining the temperatures of working gas as functions of the state of the regenerator matrix, the models express the dynamics in terms of balance equations for energy and entropy. Compared to continuum or nodal regenerator models, these models reduce the number of degrees of freedom and numerical effort significantly. Three variants of this endoreversible regenerator model are discussed, referred to as ES, EE, and EEn-regenerator models.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Raphael Paul, Karl Heinz Hoffmann
Summary: This paper introduces a method to optimize the piston paths of non-equilibrium Stirling engines using an indirect iterative gradient algorithm for different objectives such as power and efficiency. By exploiting limit cycles to solve the optimal control problem, significant gains in power and efficiency are achieved compared to harmonic piston paths. At the maximum power point, the power-optimal control results in a relative power gain of approximately 28%, while the efficiency-optimal control at the maximum efficiency point leads to a relative efficiency gain of around 10%.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mohammad Hassan Khanjanpour, Mohammad Rahnama, Akbar A. Javadi, Mohammad Akrami, Ali Reza Tavakolpour-Saleh, Masoud Iranmanesh
Summary: In this study, a gamma-type MDT Stirling engine prototype is manufactured, evaluated, and structurally optimized. An inexpensive mathematical evaluation based on FDT approach led to the determination of the optimal swept volume ratio under 450K temperature difference. Experimental results showed good agreement with the theoretical approach, validating its effectiveness in optimizing MTD Stirling engines.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Raphael Paul, Abdellah Khodja, Andreas Fischer, Karl Heinz Hoffmann
Summary: Vuilleumier refrigerators are a type of heat-driven cooling machines that can utilize waste heat and improve cooling power. By enhancing piston motion, the performance of Vuilleumier refrigerators can be significantly increased, with potential cooling power gains of over 15%.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
S. Hamedani Raja, S. Maniscalco, G. S. Paraoanu, J. P. Pekola, N. Lo Gullo
Summary: In this study, the thermodynamic performance of a finite-time non-regenerative quantum Stirling-like cycle as a heat engine is investigated. It is found that the real-time dynamics of the driven open quantum system significantly affect the cycle's performance, with the efficiency depending on different time scales and compression/expansion speeds asymmetrically. Additionally, optimizing quantum heat engines may offer new freedom, where real-time endpoints of compression/expansion processes play a crucial role in achieving maximum output power and efficiency.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Selcuk Cakmak, H. R. Rastegar Sedehi
Summary: In this paper, we investigate the use of two coupled spins as a working substance in a quantum Stirling heat engine cycle. We propose an experimentally feasible scheme that utilizes dynamic-angle spinning under a magnetic field to control the dipole-dipole interaction angle. Realistic parameters are used for the proposed heat engine cycle, and our goal is to calculate the engine's power. Our results show that the engine is highly efficient, with the maximum power achieved at the same point as the maximum efficiency.
Article
Thermodynamics
Haoran Xu, Lingen Chen, Yanlin Ge, Huijun Feng
Summary: This paper utilizes finite time thermodynamics to analyze the Stirling heat engine and performs multi-objective optimization of the heat engine cycle using NSGA-II. The optimization of temperature ratio and volume compression ratio allows for a better balance among the four optimization objectives.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Cheng Zhang, Qing Xu, Yanping Zhang, Inmaculada Arauzo, Chongzhe Zou
Summary: This paper investigates the configuration optimization of a cascade solar system with a Stirling engine array, proposing five basic connection types and developing corresponding engine models. The study finds that flow order has little influence on engine array performance, and serial flow connection type is the optimal choice for achieving the best performance and adaptability.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xueling Li, Renfu Li, Lin Hu, Shengjie Zhu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Xinguang Cui, Yichao Li
Summary: Sustainable energy supply is a major challenge for the lunar base, and a promising solution is to utilize lunar regolith heat storage. This study proposes a dish solar thermal power system with lunar regolith heat storage and investigates its performance in a lunar circadian cycle. The system gradually decreases in output power and efficiency during the lunar day and night, with average output powers of 10.8 kW and 7.0 kW, respectively, and a high energy efficiency of 48.0%. The study reveals the potential of the proposed system to continuously and efficiently supply energy to the lunar base, providing a scheme for the future lunar base's energy supply system.
Article
Thermodynamics
Raphael Paul, Karl Heinz Hoffmann
Summary: The article investigates the impact of optimal piston paths on COP for non-equilibrium Stirling cryocoolers. By optimizing the piston paths, significant improvements in performance can be achieved for Stirling cryocoolers.
JOURNAL OF NON-EQUILIBRIUM THERMODYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fatemeh Ahadi, Mohammad Azadi, Mojtaba Biglari, Seyed Navid Madani
Summary: The modern Stirling engine is important for its high efficiency and versatility in using various heat sources, as well as its quiet operation and consistent working fluid. This article analyzed the performance of the Stirling engine using a non-ideal adiabatic thermodynamics model and compared it to experimental results. The impact of coating type and thickness on the regenerator was investigated, with a regression model used for sensitivity analysis.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Raphael Paul, Abdellah Khodja, Andreas Fischer, Robin Masser, Karl Heinz Hoffmann
Summary: This study focuses on optimizing the piston motion of an alpha-Stirling engine to improve its performance in the presence of mechanical friction. By using a low-effort endoreversible Stirling engine model and an indirect iterative gradient method, the research shows the potential improvements in performance.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jiangfeng Hu, Jianying Hu, Yanlei Sun, Jingyuan Xu, Zilong Jia, Limin Zhang, Ercang Luo, Bo Gao
Summary: This paper introduces a novel heat and electricity driven thermoacoustic cooler that uses displacers to replace the resonance tube, improving phase-shifting capability and reducing power dissipation for better cooling performance. Numerical and experimental investigations are conducted to understand the operational characteristics and the impact of operating temperatures on system performance. Experimental results show a record thermal-to-cooling exergy efficiency of 13.4% and cooling power of 117 W, representing a 34% improvement compared to the previous record-holder thermoacoustic cooler.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Luis Dinis, Juan Manuel Rodriguez Parrondo
Summary: This paper demonstrates the reversible confinement of a Brownian particle in an optical tweezer potential, allowing for optimal work extraction despite high measurement inaccuracy.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Edgar Roldan, Jeremie Barral, Pascal Martin, Juan M. R. Parrondo, Frank Juelicher
Summary: This study introduces lower bounds for the rate of entropy production of an active stochastic process by quantifying the irreversibility of stochastic traces obtained from mesoscopic degrees of freedom. The analysis reveals irreversibility in active oscillations and estimates an associated rate of entropy production. Experimental recordings suggest that measuring both the tip position of the hair bundle and the mechano-electrical transduction current can provide tighter lower bounds for the rate of entropy production.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Heiner Linke, Juan M. R. Parrondo
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
M. Rico-Pasto, R. K. Schmitt, M. Ribezzi-Crivellari, J. M. R. Parrondo, H. Linke, J. Johansson, F. Ritort
Summary: Feedback plays a crucial role in reducing dissipation in nonequilibrium systems, with discrete- and continuous-time feedback reducing dissipation without improving free-energy determination. A feedback strategy, defined as a correlated sequence of feedback protocols, further enhances information-to-measurement efficiency, highlighting the importance of temporal correlations in developing efficient feedback strategies.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jorge Tabanera, Ines Luque, Samuel L. Jacob, Massimiliano Esposito, Felipe Barra, Juan M. R. Parrondo
Summary: Collisional reservoirs are important in modeling open quantum systems, where theoretical solutions in one dimension with flat interaction potentials are feasible. Approximate scattering map methods help preserve the system's symmetries and achieve thermalization effectively.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Alexandre Solon, Jordan M. Horowitz
Summary: The study investigates the relationship between mobility and diffusivity in an active bath, and finds that the Einstein relation can approximately hold when a mechanically defined different temperature is used.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hyun-Myung Chun, Jordan. M. M. Horowitz
Summary: We investigate the effects of logarithmic perturbations of reaction rates on chemical reaction networks driven far from equilibrium. Our findings show that the response of the average number of chemical species is limited by both number fluctuations and the maximum thermodynamic driving force. We provide evidence for these trade-offs in linear chemical reaction networks and a specific class of nonlinear chemical reaction networks with a single chemical species. Numerical results from various model systems suggest that these trade-offs hold for a wide range of chemical reaction networks, although their specific form seems to depend on the network's deficiency.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeremy A. Owen, Jordan M. Horowitz
Summary: Living organisms benefit from molecular sensitivity in key processes like DNA replication and chemical sensing. A simple structural quantity, the size of perturbation support, limits the sensitivity of biological processes, whether at or away from thermodynamic equilibrium. A novel non-equilibrium binding mechanism, nested hysteresis, with exponential sensitivity relative to the number of binding sites, has been discovered.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Florian Vigneau, Juliette Monsel, Jorge Tabanera, Kushagra Aggarwal, Lea Bresque, Federico Fedele, Federico Cerisola, G. A. D. Briggs, Janet Anders, Juan M. R. Parrondo, Alexia Auffeves, Natalia Ares
Summary: The ultrastrong coupling between single-electron tunneling and nanomechanical motion provides exciting opportunities for exploring fundamental questions and developing new platforms for quantum technologies. We have measured and modeled this electromechanical coupling in a fully suspended carbon nanotube device and found a ratio of gm/omega m = 2.72 +/- 0.14, which is the highest among all other electromechanical platforms and well within the ultrastrong coupling regime.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Samuel L. Jacob, Massimiliano Esposito, Juan M. R. Parrondo, Felipe Barra
Summary: In a collision between a moving particle and a fixed system with internal degrees of freedom, the motion of the particle can act as a work source for the joint internal system, resulting in energy changes that preserve entropy. This opens up interesting perspectives for quantum thermodynamics formulations within scattering theory.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Giulia Rubino, Gonzalo Manzano, Lee A. Rozema, Philip Walther, Juan M. R. Parrondo, Caslav Brukner
Summary: The study of thermodynamic fluctuations allows for the relationship between the free energy difference between two equilibrium states and the work done on a system in non-equilibrium conditions. A new interferometric method is developed to estimate the work distribution and average dissipative work during a driven thermodynamic process by combining the forward and time-reversal evolutions of the process. This method provides upper bounds on the average dissipative work even without full control over the thermodynamic process.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Qi Gao, Hyun-Myung Chun, Jordan M. Horowitz
Summary: We analyze the static response to perturbations of nonequilibrium steady states modeled as one-dimensional diffusions on the circle. We demonstrate that arbitrary perturbations can be decomposed into combinations of three specific classes of perturbations that can be effectively addressed individually. For each class, we derive simple formulas that quantitatively characterize the response in terms of the strength of nonequilibrium driving, valid even far from equilibrium.
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Gonzalo Manzano, Juan M. R. Parrondo, Gabriel T. Landi
Summary: Modern quantum experiments provide examples of transport with noncommuting quantities, which offer a tool to understand the interplay between thermal and quantum effects. This study introduces a theory for nonAbelian transport in the linear response regime and shows that quantum coherence reduces net entropy production, thereby establishing a clear connection between quantum coherent transport and dissipation.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hyun-Myung Chun, Qi Gao, Jordan M. Horowitz
Summary: Near equilibrium, Green-Kubo relations provide microscopic expressions for macroscopic transport coefficients based on equilibrium correlation functions. This paper explores the relationship between response and fluctuations far from equilibrium, predicting how spatial inhomogeneities in macroscopic nonequilibrium systems relax. By deriving nonequilibrium Green-Kubo relations, the study establishes transport coefficients for density and phase diffusion, providing a theoretical foundation for Onsager's regression hypothesis.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Samuel L. Jacob, Massimiliano Esposito, Juan M. R. Parrondo, Felipe Barra
Summary: Using quantum scattering theory, we studied the impact of collisions between a fixed quantum system Y and massive particles X described by wave packets. The width of the incident wave packets compared to the level spacing in Y is crucial for induced evolution. Narrow wave packets cause Y to decohere and thermalize, while broad wave packets can prevent thermalization and act as a source of coherences for Y.
