Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Zicong Zhou
Summary: The study finds that confining a helical filament on a cylinder can create a bistable state. The bistable helix exhibits different phase diagrams and compositions in different regimes. Monte Carlo simulation further suggests the presence of bistable nonhelices in the third regime.
Article
Crystallography
Ningzhe Yan, Hao Luo, Yanan Liu, Haiping Yu, Guangyin Jing
Summary: This study investigates how nanostructures and their local chemical microenvironment dynamically affect the swimming motility of bacteria near surfaces. The results show that ZnO nanowire arrays reduce bacterial motility and ultraviolet irradiation further reduces bacterial locomotion.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Tobias Boettger, Carsten Steger
Summary: This study introduces an accurate, robust, and real-time shape model object tracker with failure mode detection and robustness to nonlinear illumination changes. Through experiments, the tracker performs well, with fast speed and low memory consumption.
JOURNAL OF REAL-TIME IMAGE PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Optics
Jatin Abacousnac, David G. Grier
Summary: This paper introduces a dark trap created by superimposing Gaussian modes with different waist diameters, which is used to manipulate light-seeking and dark-seeking particles in the same system. The interference-based difference-of-Gaussians (DoG) trap can rigidly capture dark-seeking particles in three dimensions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Boris Louis, Chih-Hao Huang, Rafael Camacho, Ivan G. Scheblykin, Teruki Sugiyama, Tetsuhiro Kudo, Marc Melendez, Rafael Delgado-Buscalioni, Hiroshi Masuhara, Johan Hofkens, Roger Bresoli-Obach
Summary: In this work, the 3D motion trajectories of 200 nm fluorescent polystyrene particles in an optical trapping site were resolved using a widefield multiplane microscope. The particles showed a shallow cone distribution following preferential 3D channels near the focus. The radial and axial flow speed components depended on the axial distance from the focus, which was directly related to the scattering/gradient optical forces. The trapping laser profile determined the particle velocities and trajectories, but collective effects resulting from hydrodynamic forces also played a role.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Bharath Ramesh, Shihao Zhang, Hong Yang, Andres Ussa, Matthew Ong, Garrick Orchard, Cheng Xiang
Summary: This paper presents a long-term object tracking framework with a moving event camera that uses discriminative object representation, event-based sliding window tracking technique, and data-driven global sliding window detector. Extensive experiments demonstrate the framework's ability to track and detect various objects, with critical insights on performance issues provided. Real-time implementation in C++ showcases tracking capability under different scenarios in a lab setting.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sushu Wan, Ke Li, Meijun Zou, Daocheng Hong, Mingcai Xie, Hairen Tan, Ivan G. Scheblykin, Yuxi Tian
Summary: Controllable photoluminescence in metal halide perovskite crystals is achieved through photoactivation of defects. It is found that the photoluminescence intensity of CH3NH3PbBr3 crystal can be fully controlled by sub-bandgap energy photon illumination. This optically controllable emission behavior is observed in CsPbBr3 and other perovskite materials. The discovery of green luminescence controlled by red illumination is believed to expand the application scope of perovskites toward optical devices and intelligent control.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Sven Holtrup, Maximilian Greger, Benjamin Mayer, Mara Specht, Barbara Waidner
Summary: The cell shape of bacteria, predominantly defined by the peptidoglycan cell wall, is influenced by dynamic molecular machines facilitating growth. Bacteria have evolved additional mechanisms to change cell shape, with recent studies on Helicobacter pylori revealing a novel mechanism involving PG-modifying enzymes and additional proteins.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Xiaomeng Cao, Jian Lan, X. Rong Li
Summary: This article presents a new extension-deformation approach for extended object tracking, simplifying the modeling and estimation of object extension and proposing a multiple-source approach for kinematic state and extension estimation, which proves to be effective.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Alex P. Braga, Everton C. Acchetta, Paulo Sergio Rodrigues
Summary: This paper proposes a new methodology called SILFT for tracking vehicles in low frame rate surveillance systems. By fusing dense optical flow with object detection, SILFT achieves effective tracking in low frame rate sequences with large object scale variability.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Deepika Sharma, Roderick Y. H. Lim, Thomas Pfohl, Yasin Ekinci
Summary: The focus of this work is on the development of simple and effective nanofluidic devices for trapping single charged nanoparticles in an aqueous environment. By modifying the surface of the device to change its charge properties and reducing the surface modification time, the study demonstrates the successful enhancement in device performance.
MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Murat Kumru, Emre Ozkan
Summary: The article introduces a Gaussian process-based model for tracking objects with unknown shapes, estimating object kinematics and shape, and handling 3-D point cloud data. The algorithm reduces computational complexity by projecting to planes and provides confidence intervals for shape estimation uncertainty, demonstrating excellent performance for object tracking.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jayashree Dev, Jibitesh Mishra
Summary: Object detection and tracking is a key application of wireless sensor networks. This study proposes an Energy Efficient Object Detection and Tracking Framework (EEODTF) that minimizes energy consumption while maintaining detection and localization accuracy. The framework achieves energy efficiency through node optimization, mobile node trajectory optimization, node clustering, data reporting optimization, and detection optimization. Compared to other models, the EEODTF is found to be more energy efficient.
Article
Engineering, Civil
M. S. Mekala, Gaurav Dhiman, Wattana Viriyasitavat, Ju H. Park, Ho-Youl Jung
Summary: This paper introduces the importance of computation and memory resource management strategies in continuous object tracking for intelligent vehicle orchestration. A novel measurement model called the box data association inflate (BDAI) model is developed to assess each target's object state and trajectory without noise. The proposed method achieves better computational complexity compared to state-of-the-art approaches.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Ata Ullah, Nagina Ishaq, Muhammad Azeem, Humaira Ashraf, N. Z. Jhanjhi, Mamoona Humayun, Thamer A. Tabbakh, Zahrah A. Almusaylim
Summary: With the rise of data innovation, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been widely applied in environmental protection, military monitoring, and industrial applications. Wireless sensor networks play a vital role in monitoring and tracking, particularly in the identification and confinement of continuous objects. However, there are deficits in boundary detection of continuous objects like fire and toxic gases, which requires further research and solutions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Benedikt Sabass, Matthias D. Koch, Guannan Liu, Howard A. Stone, Joshua W. Shaevitz
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthias D. Koch, Natalie Schneider, Peter Nick, Alexander Rohrbach
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2017)
Article
Biophysics
Julian Roth, Matthias D. Koch, Alexander Rohrbach
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2018)
Article
Biophysics
Matthias D. Koch, Alexander Rohrbach
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2018)
Article
Optics
Matthias Koch, Alexander Rohrbach
Article
Microbiology
Joseph E. Sanfilippo, Alexander Lorestani, Matthias D. Koch, Benjamin P. Bratton, Albert Siryaporn, Howard A. Stone, Zemer Gitai
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert J. Scheffler, Yuki Sugimoto, Benjamin P. Bratton, Courtney K. Ellison, Matthias D. Koch, Mohamed S. Donia, Zemer Gitai
Summary: The study reveals that P. aeruginosa itself produces a factor, 2-methyl-4-hydroxyquinoline (MHQ), which stimulates its dispersion. The dispersal activity is independent of known antibiotics, and MHQ inhibits the activity of Type IV Pili (TFP) to explain its dispersion mechanism.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthias D. Koch, Chenyi Fei, Ned S. Wingreen, Joshua W. Shaevitz, Zemer Gitai
Summary: Researchers labeled TFP in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and tracked extension and retraction cycles of individual filaments, finding that dynamics are stochastic and TFP can pause between extension or retraction events. They developed a biophysical model based on stochastic binding of extension and retraction motors, showing that the retraction motor dictates pilus production rate and is bound to pilus machines even in their unpiliated state. JSNameOur model quantitatively agrees with a variety of experiments, suggesting that the competition of stochastic motor binding to the pilus machine coordinates the repetitive cycle of pilus extension and retraction.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthias D. Koch, Matthew E. Black, Endao Han, Joshua W. Shaevitz, Zemer Gitai
Summary: This study demonstrates that the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa actively senses surface stiffness using type IV pili (TFP). Stiffness sensing is shown to be nonlinear and plays an important role in the induction of virulence factor regulator within a specific physiological range. Traction force measurements and pilus retraction experiments reveal that TFP is capable of deforming stiff substrates. A quantitative biomechanical model is developed to explain the transcriptional response to stiffness, and it is validated by manipulating the ATPase activity of TFP motors.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gilberto C. Padron, Alexander M. Shuppara, Anuradha Sharma, Matthias D. Koch, Jessica-Jae S. Palalay, Jana N. Radin, Thomas E. Kehl-Fie, James A. Imlay, Joseph E. Sanfilippo
Summary: In this study, the researchers discovered that the interplay between fluid flow shear rate and chemical stress triggers a transcriptional response in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. They found that high shear rates in microfluidic conditions replenish hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), creating a stress response. Mathematical simulations and biophysical experiments showed that flow sensitizes cells to H2O2 concentrations much lower than traditionally studied. The findings explain the difference in H2O2 levels between experimental and host environments, and suggest that flow can sensitize bacteria to chemical stress in natural environments.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ahmet Nihat Simsek, Andrea Braeutigam, Matthias D. Koch, Joshua W. Shaevitz, Yunfei Huang, Gerhard Gompper, Benedikt Sabass