Review
Cell Biology
Grant C. C. Walters, Yuriy M. M. Usachev
Summary: Mitochondria play essential roles in cellular function, including ATP synthesis, reactive oxygen species production, calcium buffering, and apoptotic signaling. In neurons, calcium buffering is particularly important for regulating various calcium-dependent functions. Recent discoveries of molecular components involved in mitochondrial calcium transport have shed light on the roles of mitochondrial calcium regulation in neuronal function and its implications in neurological diseases. This review discusses the multiple roles of mitochondrial calcium uptake and release mechanisms in normal neuronal function and provides insight into the calcium-dependent mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction in neurological diseases. The targeting of calcium uptake and release mechanisms could potentially lead to novel therapeutic strategies for these diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Janane F. Rahbani, Anna Roesler, Mohammed F. Hussain, Bozena Samborska, Christien B. Dykstra, Linus Tsai, Mark P. Jedrychowski, Laurent Vergnes, Karen Reue, Bruce M. Spiegelman, Lawrence Kazak
Summary: The research highlights the impact of obesity on mortality risk due to metabolic sequelae and the role of thermogenesis by adipocytes in combating obesity and metabolic diseases. It identifies creatine kinase B (CKB) as a key player in the futile creatine cycle, crucial for thermogenesis in adipose tissues, and its induction by thermogenic stimuli. The study in mice shows that adipocyte-selective inactivation of CKB reduces thermogenic capacity, increases susceptibility to obesity, and disrupts glucose homeostasis.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Xiangchong Liu, Dehui Zhang, Jianwen Yang, Changhao Xiao, Tao Zhang
Summary: The association between high heat producing (HHP) granites and world-class W and Sn deposits is not accidental. Radiogenic heat can prolong the suprasolidus lifetime of HHP magmas and increase the possibility of W and Sn mineralization.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Kang Liu, Li Zhang, Huaiwei Ni
Summary: Understanding the mobilization of sulfur in subduction zones is crucial for global S cycling, and the CaO constituent in silicate melts has been found to promote anhydrite dissolution. However, the influence of melt CaO concentration on sulfur concentration and dissolution mechanism is still unclear.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xiao-Chen Liu, Leif H. Skibsted
Summary: The addition of strontium chloride to aqueous suspensions of metastable calcium citrate tetrahydrate was found to increase calcium ion activity without causing a structural transition. The increase in calcium activity was attributed to the lower solubility of strontium citrate pentahydrate compared to calcium citrate tetrahydrate, which increased with temperature. The differences in solution thermodynamics and pH effect on complex formation between calcium and strontium citrate are discussed in relation to biomineralization.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Adam Subhas, Sijia Dong, John D. Naviaux, Nick E. Rollins, Patrizia Ziveri, William Gray, James W. B. Rae, Xuewu Liu, Robert H. Byrne, Sang Chen, Christopher Moore, Loraine Martell-Bonet, Zvi Steiner, Gilad Antler, Huanting Hu, Abby Lunstrum, Yi Hou, Nathaniel Kemnitz, Johnny Stutsman, Sven Pallacks, Mathilde Dugenne, Paul D. Quay, William M. Berelson, Jess F. Adkins
Summary: The cycling of biologically produced calcium carbonate in the ocean is crucial for the global carbon cycle. This study investigates the dissolution rates of coccolith and foraminiferal calcite and combines them with other data to understand the alkalinity cycle in the shallow North Pacific Ocean. The findings show that the dissolution rates are too slow to explain the sinking flux of calcium carbonate and the regeneration of alkalinity. Instead, the dissolution is driven by the ambient saturation state and oxygen consumption, which explains the patterns of calcium carbonate flux and alkalinity regeneration in the North Pacific.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhilin Qu, Dasen Yan, Zhen Song
Summary: This article reviews the progress and challenges in modeling intracellular calcium cycling in the cardiac system. The calcium release channels in cardiac myocytes form a network that gives rise to various dynamic processes. Modeling the intracellular calcium cycling dynamics in the cardiac system is challenging due to its complexity.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Qingzhong Song, Tian Liang, Kun Qian, Weiwei Xing, Xiangdong Zha, Bo Chen, Yingche Ma, Kui Liu
Summary: This study investigated the corrosion behavior of calcia-stabilized zirconia, solid state synthesized calcium zirconate, and fused calcium zirconate refractory crucibles in titanium alloy melts. It was found that the contamination of titanium alloy by the fused calcium zirconate crucible was significantly less than the solid state synthesized one.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jiuling Wang, Thomas C. O'Connor, Gary S. Grest, Ting Ge
Summary: The stretchability of conventional polymeric materials is limited by entanglements between polymer chains. However, cross-linked ring polymers are significantly more stretchable than cross-linked linear polymers. The entanglements between ring polymers do not act as effective cross-links, resulting in increased stretchability determined by the maximum extension of polymer strands between cross-links.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michele Cassetta, Danilo Di Genova, Marco Zanatta, Tiziana Boffa Ballaran, Alexander Kurnosov, Marco Giarola, Gino Mariotto
Summary: By analyzing the vibrational properties of parental glasses, this study proposes a new method for estimating the viscosity of volcanic melts without being affected by crystallization of the melt phase. The results show that the ratio between bulk and shear moduli and the boson peak position can accurately reveal the fragility of melts, providing a reliable way to estimate volcanic melt viscosity under eruptive conditions. These findings could contribute to the development of new studies on the nanoscale dynamics of natural melts and their impact on volcanic eruption styles.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sarath Kannan, Navin Kumar, Milind A. Jog, Raj M. Manglik
Summary: This study presents experimental results on the phase transition of LiNO3•3H2O salt hydrate during extended thermal cycling, focusing on both heterogeneous nucleation and self-seeding as well as material compatibility. The results show that self-seeding can completely suppress subcooling without degrading the latent heat of fusion, while the use of heterogeneous nucleating agents can increase subcooling and cause a loss in latent heat. Furthermore, the material compatibility test demonstrates that the corrosion rates of the salt hydrate on metals are low.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kobra Haghighi, George Gardner, Elizabeth Vafiadaki, Mohit Kumar, Lisa C. Green, Jianyong Ma, Jeffrey S. Crocker, Sheryl Koch, Demetrios A. Arvanitis, Phillip Bidwell, Jack Rubinstein, Rutger van de Leur, Pieter A. Doevendans, Fadi G. Akar, Michael Tranter, Hong-Sheng Wang, Sakthivel Sadayappan, Deeptankar DeMazumder, Despina Sanoudou, Roger J. Hajjar, Francesca Stillitano, Evangelia G. Kranias
Summary: Study found that R14del-PLN mice exhibited atrioventricular conduction impairment and RV-specific calcium defects under stress conditions, similar to the electrocardiographic features seen in R14del-PLN patients. This suggests an urgent need to improve risk stratification in asymptomatic carriers to prevent fatal arrhythmias and delay cardiomyopathy onset.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhiwang Zhang, Siqi Liu, Yilin Qi, Zhier Aluo, Lifang Zhang, Lin Yu, Qiang Li, Zupeng Luo, Zheng Sun, Lei Zhou, Yixing Li
Summary: The study demonstrated that calcium can alleviate HFD-induced hepatic steatosis by increasing liver lipase activity and regulating energy metabolism.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Christian J. Renggli, Jan L. Hellmann, Christoph Burkhardt, Stephan Klemme, Jasper Berndt, Paul Pangritz, Thorsten Kleine
Summary: Te and its isotopes provide valuable information about geochemical and cosmochemical processes. This study investigated the behavior of Te in high-temperature conditions through evaporation and isotopic fractionation experiments. The results showed that Te evaporation decreases with decreasing oxygen fugacity and high-temperature experiments led to isotope fractionation. Under reducing conditions, Te becomes more soluble and evaporation is not expected in volcanic processes on reduced planetary bodies.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Brian X. Wang, Laura Nicastro, Liam Couch, Worrapong Kit-Anan, Barrett Downing, Kenneth T. MacLeod, Cesare M. Terracciano
Summary: Cardiac fibroblast-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in modulating the Ca2+ cycling of cardiomyocytes. These EVs not only alter the function of cardiomyocytes but also enhance the efficiency of Ca2+ handling in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.
