Article
Microbiology
Horia Todor, Nadia Herrera, Carol A. Gross
Summary: DedA family proteins are highly conserved and nearly ubiquitous integral membrane proteins found in archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Recent studies have identified that eukaryotic DedA proteins are phospholipid scramblases, while some bacterial DedA proteins are undecaprenyl phosphate flippases. Our phylogenetic analysis reveals three major DedA subfamilies with distinct functions, including undecaprenyl-phosphate (UndP) flippases and putative phospholipid flippases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacob D. Palmera, R. Foster
Summary: A key property of many antibiotics is their broad-spectrum activity, which allows them to kill or inhibit a wide range of microbial species. However, some bacteria also produce narrow-spectrum toxins to specifically target their conspecifics. An evolutionary model suggests that broad-spectrum toxins are favored when a strain is highly abundant and can overpower both its key competitor and other species. The analysis of a toxin regulation and spectrum database supports this prediction, showing a strong association between broad-spectrum toxins and density-dependent regulation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arthur Newbury, Beth Dawson, Uli Kl Umper, Elze Hesse, Meaghan Castledine, Colin Fontaine, Angus Buckling, Dirk Sanders
Summary: The spread of antimicrobial resistance genes in microbial communities is associated with the structure of bacteria-plasmid networks. Mutualistic bacteria-plasmid networks, where antibiotics are present and plasmids carry resistance genes, are more generalized than antagonistic interactions. The fitness benefits of harboring a mutualistic symbiont promote its spread to other species. In addition, coevolution and stability play a role in explaining the link between mutualistic and antagonistic interactions and network structure.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Hester C. Timmerhuis, Fons F. van den Berg, Paula C. Noorda, Sven M. van Dijk, Janneke van Grinsven, Christina J. Sperna Weiland, Devica S. Umans, Yasmin A. Mohamed, Wouter L. Curvers, Stefan A. W. Bouwense, Muhammed Hadithi, Akin Inderson, Yama Issa, Jeroen M. Jansen, Pieter Jan F. de Jonge, Rutger Quispel, Matthijs P. Schwartz, Martijn W. J. Stommel, Adriaan C. I. T. L. Tan, Niels G. Venneman, Marc G. Besselink, Marco J. Bruno, Thomas L. Bollen, Elske Sieswerda, Robert C. Verdonk, Rogier P. Voermans, Hjalmar C. van Santvoort, Dutch Pancreatitis Study Grp
Summary: The use and impact of antibiotics and the impact of causative pathogens in the clinical outcomes of necrotizing pancreatitis have not been well studied.
Article
Pediatrics
Jyotsna Bhattacharya, Ellen J. J. Silver, Einat Blumfield, Dominique M. M. Jan, Betsy C. C. Herold, David L. L. Goldman
Summary: In children with complicated appendicitis, rupture of the appendix leads to higher morbidity rates. Longer hospital stay is associated with more severe illness, including ICU stay, ileus, and multiple drainage procedures. The duration of symptoms prior to presentation is linked to a longer stay. The presence of abscess, right upper quadrant free fluid, and elevated C-reactive protein are independently associated with a longer stay.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Christine Tedijanto, McKenna Nevers, Matthew H. Samore, Marc Lipsitch
Summary: This study analyzed patterns of antibiotic use, infectious diagnoses, and microbiological laboratory results among hospitalized patients. The majority of antibiotic use could be linked to an infectious diagnosis or microbiological specimen. However, a significant proportion of antibiotic use occurred when there was no bacterial isolate, highlighting the need for improved diagnostics to optimize antibiotic use.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lior Zornitzki, Lana Anuk, Shir Frydman, Nira Morag-Koren, David Zahler, Ophir Freund, Roni Biran, Yael Liron, Luba Tau, Joseph Zvi Tchebiner, Haitam Katash, Gil Bornstein
Summary: This study found that blood culture positivity remains high after a single dose of antibiotics, although it is reduced by antimicrobial therapy. If blood cultures cannot be obtained prior to antibiotic administration, they should be obtained as soon as possible afterwards.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Thomas Dierikx, Daniel Berkhout, Anat Eck, Sebastian Tims, Johan van Limbergen, Douwe Visser, Marjon de Boer, Nanne de Boer, Daan Touw, Marc Benninga, Nine Schierbeek, Laura Visser, Jan Knol, Guus Roeselers, Johanna de Vries, Tim de Meij
Summary: Cesarean section delivery has a strong impact on infant microbiome colonization, but maternal antibiotic administration before CS does not exacerbate the compromised microbiome. Long-term health effects need to be confirmed by larger studies.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
M. J. Ruiz, L. P. Soto, N. E. Sirini, M. L. Werning, C. R. Olivero, J. A. Zimmermann, M. V. Zbrun, F. F. Acosta, M. L. Signorini, L. S. Frizzo
Summary: The study created a murine experimental model for colonization by Campylobacter coli DSPV458, which can be used to evaluate strategies aimed at reducing intestinal bacterial loads.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Nikola Puvaca, Rosa de Llanos Frutos
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance has become a major problem on a global scale, particularly with Enterobacteriaceae members such as Escherichia coli developing strong and diverse systems to fight off antibiotics. Understanding these resistance mechanisms is crucial in combating infections caused by these bacteria.
Article
Pathology
Matthew D. Carson, Amy J. Warner, Vincenza L. Geiser, Jessica D. Hathaway-Schrader, Alexander V. Alekseyenko, Julie Marshall, Caroline Westwater, Chad M. Novince
Summary: Retrospective analysis of Medicaid claims data suggests that tetracycline class antibiotics are commonly prescribed for adolescent acne treatment, and prolonged exposure to these antibiotics during adolescence can have lasting effects on gut microbiota, liver metabolism, and adiposity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biology
Petros Ioannou, Stella Baliou, Diamantis P. Kofteridis
Summary: The article summarizes recent advancements in medical research and clinical practice, highlighting the significant limitations of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) on therapeutics for infectious diseases. It emphasizes the urgent need for novel treatments, particularly in the era of increasing AMR. Ongoing research is exploring non-classical therapies, such as bacteriophages or antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), that utilize alternative antimicrobial mechanisms to combat pathogens.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yuri Gorelik, Shay Freilich, Shiran Gerassy-Vainberg, Sigal Pressman, Chagit Friss, Alexandera Blatt, Gili Focht, Yiska Loewenberg Weisband, Shira Greenfeld, Revital Kariv, Nathan Lederman, Iris Dotan, Naama Geva-Zatorsky, Shai Shlomo Shen-Orr, Yechezkel Kashi, Yehuda Chowers
Summary: This study found that antibiotic treatments can affect the risk of developing anti-drug antibodies (ADA) to anti-TNF therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The use of cephalosporins and penicillins with beta-lactamase inhibitors increased the risk of ADA development, while macrolides and fluoroquinolones reduced the risk.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Meltem Elitas, Neeraj Dhar, John D. McKinney
Summary: The study utilized a microfluidic-microscopy system to investigate the antibiotic tolerance mechanisms of Mycobacterium smegmatis cells, finding that the enhanced antibiotic tolerance of the msm2570::Tn mutant was attributed to a lower number of lysed cells compared to wild-type cells. This research provides valuable insights into the antibiotic resistance phenotype of the msm2570::Tn mutant and suggests further interrogation of its antibiotic killing mechanisms.
Review
Microbiology
Andreu Coello Pelegrin, Mattia Palmieri, Caroline Mirande, Antonio Oliver, Pieter Moons, Herman Goossens, Alex van Belkum
Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a versatile and adaptable bacterial species with strong medical relevance, poses a significant threat due to its diverse virulence genes and antibiotic resistance traits. Particularly problematic in clinical settings, its multi-drug resistance complicates successful antibiotic treatment, emphasizing the urgent need to address antimicrobial resistance.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2021)
