Article
Physics, Applied
Marko Simic, Doris Auer, Christian Neuper, Nikola Simic, Gerhard Prossliner, Ruth Prassl, Christian Hill, Ulrich Hohenester
Summary: This article proposes and demonstrates a scheme for optical nanoparticle characterization, which achieves real-time optical counting with single-particle sensitivity and high throughput. By monitoring the trajectories and velocity changes of each tracked particle, detailed information about the particle size distribution can be obtained. The experimental results show that this method is suitable for various applications.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Bo Gong, Daji Ergu, Ying Cai, Bo Ma
Summary: A wheat-head detection method based on a deep neural network is proposed in this paper, using YOLOv4 as the basic network and enhancing it with SPP networks to improve accuracy and speed. The method shows significant advantages in accuracy and achieves real-time detection with a mean average precision of 94.5% and a detection speed of 71 FPS.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Israr Ahmed, Mohamed Elsherif, Seongjun Park, Ali K. Yetisen, Haider Butt
Summary: This study developed rapid, reliable, and reusable alcohol sensors based on hydrogel-based fiber optic probes. The sensors were fabricated using a simple, rapid, and facile process by imprinting Aztec microstructures onto alcohol-sensitive hydrogels. The sensors showed real-time sensing capability towards various concentrations of ethanol, isopropanol, methanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide. The developed optical fiber sensors exhibited fast response time, high sensitivity, and low limit of detection, making them suitable for remote and real-time alcohol sensing in multiple industries.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Won Joon Yun, Soohyun Park, Joongheon Kim, David Mohaisen
Summary: This paper proposes a method to optimize the performance of real-time object detection neural networks using optical flow estimation, and achieves stability and time-average maximum performance through the Lyapunov optimization framework. Experiments demonstrate that this method can significantly improve the accuracy and number of detected objects in object detection.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics
Su-Mei Wang, You-Wu Wang, Yi-Qing Ni, Yang Lu
Summary: This study aims to develop a track-side online monitoring system for malfunction detection in the suspension controllers of maglev trains during their in-service operation. The proposed system utilizes accelerometers and a data acquisition unit to detect malfunctions and establish a dynamic model.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zhiyang Guo, Yingping Huang, Hongjian Wei, Chong Zhang, Baigan Zhao, Zheqin Shao
Summary: In this work, we propose a novel dual attention network DALaneNet for real-time lane detection, which leverages spatial attention and channel attention mechanisms to enhance feature representation, along with more efficient convolution structures to improve computational efficiency. Experimental results show that DALaneNet is robust in various illumination conditions and particularly effective in occlusion scenarios.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Weijia Cui, Zahra Abbasi, Carolyn Ren
Summary: Lead contamination in drinking water poses serious health risks, especially for children. This study presents an inexpensive and portable detection system for monitoring lead concentration in drinking water. The system utilizes a microchannel and a microwave resonator-based sensor integrated with a microfluidic chip. Experimental results demonstrate the high sensitivity of the system and its potential for on-site monitoring of lead contamination.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Shicun Chen, Yong Zhang, Baocai Yin, Boyue Wang
Summary: This paper presents a multi-task learning model that aims to simultaneously address face detection and head pose estimation problems. The model detects the position of the center point of the face bounding box and calculates the size of the face bounding box and head pose at this point. Through experimental evaluation on the AFLW dataset, the proposed model shows great competitiveness with real-time performance.
PATTERN ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Taiji Dong, Bingkun Gao, Bing Yan, Yekun Zhou, Yunkai Wang, Weicheng Wang, Kaichuan Xu, Chunlei Jiang, Zengbo Wang
Summary: In the field of biomedicine, the development of a tapered fiber optic biosensor (TFOB) allows for nondestructive and label-free detection of individual living cells. Through theoretical and simulation analysis, the fiber tip of the TFOB is found to be a highly sensitive sensing element that translates the intensity change of the evanescent field into changes in output power. Experimental results demonstrate the TFOB's ability to detect low-amplitude vibration signals and measure respiratory vibrations of pasta yeast cells.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Vahid Khojasteh Lazarjan, Anahita Bakhshizadeh Gashti, Mohamad Feshki, Alain Garnier, Benoit Gosselin
Summary: This paper presents a miniature and cost-effective cell fiber-spectrophotometer based on fluorescence emission sensing for real-time detection of biomarkers. The prototype is small in size, lightweight, economical, and low-power, and can identify micro-volume samples of tubulin protein for cancer study. The system demonstrates high sensitivity and portability for biomedical applications.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Pengwei Chen, Yunyun Huang, Ye Bo, He Liang, Aoxiang Xiao, Bai-Ou Guan
Summary: This study presents the development of a 3D plasmonic nanointerface to enhance the detection and sizing of single nanoparticles in real time using optical microfibers. The integration of Cu3-xP nanocrystals into a Cu-BTC framework and tuning the localized-surface plasmon resonance allows for the binding of target nanoparticles on the microfiber. By confining the resonance field on the microfiber with three dimensions, the sensor overcomes its sensitivity limit and enables the detection and sizing of individual nanoparticles.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zhihui Wang, Houying Zhu, Xianqing Jia, Yongtang Bao, Changmiao Wang
Summary: The modified YOLOv3 network proposed in this paper uses bounding rectangles to locate surface defects, improving both detection efficiency and computational efficiency.
JOURNAL OF SENSORS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Zongsheng Wu, Ru Xue, Hong Li
Summary: This paper proposes a video fire detection method based on improved YOLOv5. By introducing the dilated convolution module and improving the structure design, it enhances the ability of feature extraction and small-scale target detection. The experimental results show that it has a fast detection speed and high detection accuracy.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Chenglizhao Chen, Guotao Wang, Chong Peng, Yuming Fang, Dingwen Zhang, Hong Qin
Summary: The mainstream video salient object detection approaches mainly focus on obtaining saliency from a spatial perspective, neglecting the importance of temporal information. The proposed novel spatiotemporal network in this paper effectively integrates spatial and temporal cues to improve overall VSOD performance, overcoming the limitations of existing methods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Eun-Song Lee, Elbert de Josselin de Jong, Euiseong Kim, Baek-Il Kim
Summary: This study confirms that real-time optical detection using bacterial autofluorescence can objectively evaluate the status of endodontic infection. The intensity and area of bacterial autofluorescence showed significant correlations with infection severity and can be used to detect root canal infections, which can improve the success rate of root canal treatment.
JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Fatemeh Ajalloueian, Priscila R. Guerra, Martin Iain Bahl, Anders Meyer Torp, En Te Hwu, Tine Rask Licht, Anja Boisen
Summary: In this study, encapsulation of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) into electrospun pullulan nanofibers with PLGA layers showed enhanced viability and successful delivery in vitro and in vivo. The multilayer construct provided increased protection and potential mucoadhesion properties, demonstrating potential for commercial interest in protecting sensitive probiotics from oxygen and gastric conditions.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shao-Kang Hung, Yu-Hsin Chung, Cheng-Lung Chen, Kai-Hung Chang
Summary: This article introduces an optoelectronic sensor that can measure the inclinations of a mirror in two dimensions simultaneously, suitable for precision laser machining. With a wide measuring range and high resolution, this sensor allows for closed-loop control, meeting the requirements of miniature laser engravers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu-Chao Lin, Wen-Yih Chen, En-Te Hwu, Wen-Pin Hu
Summary: A mutated aptamer (RBD-1CM1) was identified through screening and simulation methods, which showed improved binding affinity to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and formed a more stable complex.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jingwen Liu, EnTe Hwu, Jacob Bannow, Holger Grohganz, Thomas Rades
Summary: This study measures the surface diffusion of ASP-CAR co-amorphous systems at different ASP concentrations and correlates it with their physical stability. The results show that a small amount of ASP can significantly slow down the diffusion process and increase the physical stability.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hsien-Shun Liao, Shih-Han Cheng, En-Te Hwu
Summary: This study developed a method for measuring the thickness of transparent thin films with an astigmatic optical profilometer, and successfully measured the thickness of films tens of micrometers thick. The maximum measurable thickness can reach approximately 100 μm by using a scanner with a greater travel range.
Correction
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Edwin En-Te Hwu, Anja Boisen
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hsien-Shun Liao, Ya-Kang Huang, Jian-Yuan Syu-Gu, En-Te Hwu
Summary: In this study, a method for astigmatic optical surface morphology and reflectance imaging is proposed. The quantitative measurement of surface morphology is achieved by employing a z-axis modulation mode and measuring S curves on image pixels. Real-time reflectance imaging is realized by measuring the amplitude of a focus error signal. The calibration results demonstrate the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed method.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Tien-Jen Chang, Rolf Bech Kjeldsen, Juliane Fjelrad Christfort, Eduard Marzo Vila, Tommy Sonne Alstrom, Kinga Zor, En-Te Hwu, Line Hagner Nielsen, Anja Boisen
Summary: This study investigates the use of microscale stereolithography 3D printing to fabricate radiopaque microcontainers with enhanced mucoadhesive geometries, aiming to improve bioavailability. The results show that microcontainers with adhering features exhibit increased mucoadhesion. In vivo studies using imaging techniques reveal the time-dependent gastrointestinal location and spatial dynamics of microcontainers.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
C. W. Johnson, A. K. Schmid, M. Mankos, R. Ropke, N. Kerker, I. S. Hwang, E. K. Wong, D. F. Ogletree, A. M. Minor, A. Stibor
Summary: Modern electron microscopy and spectroscopy are important technologies for studying the structure and composition of quantum and biological materials. A monocrystalline niobium-tip electron field emitter has been studied, showing improved field-emission energy distribution and increased beam current with apex nanoprotrusion and xenon-gas adsorption. The emitter can operate below the superconducting transition temperature and has high stability and resolution, making it suitable for various applications including electron microscopy and spectroscopy.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Laura Serioli, Atsushi Ishimoto, Akinobu Yamaguchi, Kinga Zor, Anja Boisen, En-Te Hwu
Summary: We propose an unconventional Lab-on-a-Disc (LoD) platform called APELLA that incorporates a quadcopter propulsion system, a miniaturized Wi-Fi spy camera, wireless power, and an Arduino microcontroller. The quadcopter propulsion system provides thrust for rotation or shaking of the LoD device, while the spy camera enables real-time and high-definition visualization of microfluidic channels without the need for bulky imaging equipment.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Laura Serioli, Lina Gruzinskyte, Giulia Zappala, En Te Hwu, Trygvi Zachariassen Laksafoss, Peter Lunding Jensen, Danilo Demarchi, Anette Mullertz, Anja Boisen, Kinga Zor
Summary: The CMoD platform is a compact centrifugal device that utilizes artificial intelligence software for real-time monitoring of cell culture and drug interaction under flow conditions. It can accurately analyze cell images and provide data on cell viability and toxicity.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hsien-Shun Liao, Zheng-Rong Guo, Hong-Sheng Tan, Kuang-Yuh Huang, Ing-Shouh Hwang, En-Te Hwu
Summary: Piezoelectric actuators are widely used in precision measurement, manufacturing, and manipulation due to their high resolution, rapid response, and considerable force output. However, the nonlinear characteristics of piezoelectric materials increase the complexity of achieving accurate positioning. This study presents a novel calibration method based on an astigmatic detection system, which directly measures the calibrated driving waveform. The experiment demonstrates the effectiveness of this method in calibrating a piezoelectric XYZ scanner.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tien-Jen Chang, Line Hagner Nielsen, Anja Boisen, En-Te Hwu
Summary: In this study, an open-source force analyzer utilizing an optical pickup-unit was developed for measuring adhesive forces in the micro-Newton range. The analyzer demonstrated a wide force-sensing range and adjustability, making it suitable for investigating mucoadhesion and measuring forces of oral drug delivery microdevices. It has the potential for various force sensing applications.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Juliane Fjelrad Christfort, Chrysillis Judy Magaard Polhaus, Pi Westi Bondegaard, Tien-Jen Chang, En Te Hwu, Line Hagner Nielsen, Kinga Zor, Anja Boisen
Summary: This study proposes a custom-designed anaerobic in vitro release setup that enables the study of the release rate and survival of oxygen-sensitive probiotics in simulated intestinal conditions. The setup, combined with state-of-the-art pharmaceutical dissolution equipment, has been proven effective for measuring the release of probiotics and small-molecule APIs.
