Journal
NANOMEDICINE
Volume 9, Issue 16, Pages 2467-2479Publisher
FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
DOI: 10.2217/NNM.14.38
Keywords
gold nanoparticle; immune cells; immune interaction; ligand shell
Funding
- EPSRC
- MRC
- BSAC
- Cancer and Polio Research Fund
- North West Cancer Research
- EPSRC [EP/K002201/1, EP/G066272/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [G0800247] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/G066272/1, EP/K002201/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [G0800247] Funding Source: researchfish
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Aim: To investigate interactions of gold nanoparticles with primary human lymphocytes and determine if the addition of a self-assembled monolayer of 'mixed-matrix' ligands influenced these interactions. Materials & methods: The effect of gold nanoparticles was measured by exposure to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy volunteers with subsequent examination of cell proliferation, cytokine secretion and CD4(+) T-cell activation relative to controls. Results: Capped and as-synthesized gold nanoparticles augmented PBMC proliferation in response to phytohemagglutinin and this effect was greater for as-synthesized than for capped gold nanoparticles. Release of IL-10 and IFN-gamma from PBMCs was increased and the effect was again more marked for as-synthesized than capped gold nanoparticles. Conclusion: This method provides an ex vivo approach for studying the interaction of nanoparticles with the human immune system. Further research is required to determine the specific mechanisms for reduction of immune activation seen here which could then be used to design a truly 'stealth' nanoparticle.
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