Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jinhui Shen, Zheng Feng, Pengchao Xu, Dazhi Hou, Yang Gao, Xiaofeng Jin
Summary: The study found that the charge voltages generated by two counterpropagating spin currents in the Ag/Bi interface show opposite signs, consistent with the inverse spin Hall effect rather than the inverse Rashba-Eldestein effect. Using femtosecond laser to generate spin-current-induced terahertz signal in the Ag/Bi bilayer also showed no evidence for the inverse Rashba-Eldestein effect. This work provides a clear-cut method to identify the spin-to-charge mechanism in a Rashba electronic state and delivers new understanding for the relevant spin-transport phenomena.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Michael Kammermeier, Takahito Saito, Daisuke Iizasa, Ulrich Zulicke, Makoto Kohda
Summary: This study examines quantum interference corrections to the magnetoconductivity in two-dimensional electron gases with Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling, comparing the Landau-quantized Cooperon approach with the quasiclassical approximation. It is found that the quasiclassical approximation yields significantly different results, which can be improved by supplementing with corrections from the Euler-MacLaurin formula, but only feasible in special spin-orbit parameter configurations. The derived closed-form expression for the magnetoconductivity correction is validated through comparisons with numerical diagonalization and Monte Carlo simulations in different 2DEG crystal directions.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Peng Shi, Xinrui Lei, Qiang Zhang, Heng Li, Luping Du, Xiaocong Yuan
Summary: Intrinsic spin-momentum locking is a fundamental property of surface electromagnetic fields, with important implications in various fields. Previous studies have ignored dispersion, leading to contradictions with physical reality. In this study, we present four dispersive spin-momentum equations that reveal the relationship between spin and momentum. Additionally, the locking behavior is influenced by structural features. By engineering rotational symmetry, the properties of spin-momentum locking can be identified in different photonic topological lattices.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Marcel Holtmann, Peter Krueger, Koji Miyamoto, Taichi Okuda, Pascal J. Grenz, Shiv Kumar, Kenya Shimada, Markus Donath
Summary: Tamm and Shockley states are used to describe surface states in different crystal systems. By studying the electronic surface states on the Re(0001) surface, we found that spin-orbit interaction can generate a double W-shaped energy vs k11 dispersion. We developed verifiable criteria to distinguish between these two types of surface states and provided a consistent explanation for the role of spin-orbit interaction in this scenario.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Peng Shi, Luping Du, Aiping Yang, Xiaojin Yin, Xinrui Lei, Xiaocong Yuan
Summary: In this study, a field theory was developed to reveal the physical origin and topological properties of longitudinal and transverse spins for arbitrary electromagnetic waves. The experimental results showed that the number of spin-momentum locking states coincides with the spin Chern number, providing valuable insight for constructing spin-based field theory and exploiting optical topological quasiparticle-based applications.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2023)
Review
Optics
Tong Cui, Lin Sun, Benfeng Bai, Hong-Bo Sun
Summary: Photonic spin-orbit interactions in nanostructures have attracted significant interest in nanophotonics, offering new opportunities for enhancing light-matter interactions at the nanoscale. Various phenomena such as the photonic spin-Hall effect and spin-vortex conversion have been demonstrated, highlighting the potential of PSOIs in shaping light wavefronts. The review systematically covers experimental observations and detections of PSOIs, discussing the advantages, challenges, and future perspectives in probing these interactions.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mi-Jin Jin, Doo-Seung Um, Kohei Ohnishi, Sachio Komori, Nadia Stelmashenko, Daeseong Choe, Jung-Woo Yoo, Jason W. A. Robinson
Summary: This study demonstrates nonlocal spin-transport on a two-dimensional surface-conducting SrTiO3 (STO) via the spin Hall effect, without the need for a ferromagnetic spin-injector. Anisotropic spin-signal consistent with Hanle precession of pure spin current is observed by applying magnetic fields at different angles to the nonlocal spin-diffusion. Key transport parameters extracted include a spin Hall angle of approximately 0.25, a spin lifetime of around 49 ps, and a spin diffusion length of approximately 1.23 μm at 2 K.
Article
Crystallography
Xiaoyong Lv, Wei Wang, Yanfeng Wang, Genqiang Chen, Shi He, Minghui Zhang, Hongxing Wang
Summary: In this paper, two dielectric layers of Al2O3 and Gd2O3 were prepared using atomic layer deposition (ALD) and magnetron sputtering deposition (SD) methods. Based on this, a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) was successfully prepared on a hydrogen-terminated single-crystal diamond (H-diamond), and its properties were studied. The results showed that the device exhibited typical p-type channel MOSFET characteristics, with a maximum current of 15.3 mA/mm and a dielectric constant of 24.8 for Gd2O3. The effective mobility of the MOSFET with Gd2O3/Al2O3 was found to be 182.1 cm(2)/Vs. To the best of our knowledge, the bilayer dielectric of Gd2O3/Al2O3 was first used in a hydrogen-terminated diamond MOSFET and showed potential for application.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kosuke Ota, Yu Fu, Kento Narita, Chiyuki Wakabayashi, Atsushi Hiraiwa, Tatsuya Fujishima, Hiroshi Kawarada
Summary: The researchers fabricated vertical diamond MOSFETs with oxidized Si-terminated diamond channels. They found that the C-Si-O diamond surface resulted in a smaller valence band bending and a larger difference in energy values, shifting the threshold voltage in the negative direction. Compared to conventional diamond FETs, this design achieved normally-off operation with a significant shift in threshold voltage.
Article
Optics
Lifu Zhang, Jie Jiang, Christian Multunas, Chen Ming, Zhizhong Chen, Yang Hu, Zonghuan Lu, Saloni Pendse, Ru Jia, Mani Chandra, Yi-Yang Sun, Toh-Ming Lu, Yuan Ping, Ravishankar Sundararaman, Jian Shi
Summary: Researchers demonstrate a persistent spin helix in an organic-inorganic hybrid ferroelectric halide perovskite. They show that the spin-polarized band structure can be switched via an intrinsic ferroelectric field. This discovery has the potential to resolve the control-relaxation dilemma in spintronic devices.
Article
Physics, Applied
Qiang Zhao
Summary: In this paper, the spin dynamics of spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensates with spin-orbit coupling and dipole-dipole interaction are studied. The results show that the periodic oscillation of spin dynamics is broken in the presence of dipole-dipole interaction, and the thermalization time decreases with increasing magnetization.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2022)
Article
Optics
C. E. Whittaker, T. Dowling, A. Nalitov, A. Yulin, B. Royall, E. Clarke, M. S. Skolnick, I. A. Shelykh, D. N. Krizhanovskii
Summary: An experimental synthetic non-Abelian gauge field for photons was successfully realized in a honeycomb microcavity lattice, revealing its symmetry in the optical spin Hall effect and paving the way for photon manipulation via spin on a chip. The unique fine structure of eigenstates around Dirac points in photonic graphene made of coupled polaritonic microcavities was demonstrated, showing the formation of a Dresselhaus-like effective magnetic field that can be mapped to a non-Abelian gauge field.
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Peng Shi, Luping Du, Xiaocong Yuan
Summary: Spin angular momentum associated with circular polarization is a fundamental aspect of photons in both classical and quantum optics. Transverse spin, perpendicular to the mean wavevector, plays a significant role in confined electromagnetic waves and leads to interesting topological spin structures and properties in the optical near-field. The concepts of spin photonics have importance in various fields like optics, topological photonics, metrology, and quantum technologies.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Carlo Rizza, Giuseppe Castaldi, Vincenzo Galdi
Summary: This study explores the capabilities of anisotropic temporal slabs, which undergo abrupt changes from isotropic to anisotropic response. The findings show that these platforms can effectively manipulate the wave-spin dimension, enabling spin-controlled photonic operations. Examples of spin-dependent analog computing and spin-orbit interaction effects for vortex generation demonstrate these capabilities. These results provide new insights into temporal metamaterials and suggest potential applications in communications, optical processing, and quantum technologies.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Chengkai Jiang, Zhe Deng, Bo Liu, Jinhua Li, Zhanghua Han, Yuan Ma, Di Wu, Hiroshi Maeda, Youqiao Ma
Summary: The spin-orbit coupling of light shows unprecedented potential in realizing on-chip integrated nanocircuits and quantum information processing, allowing for the manipulation of polarization and spatial degrees of freedom of photons. A dielectric-loaded plasmonic nanocircuit with a panda patterned transporter was proposed and demonstrated to directionally couple and guide plasmonic waves through two-branched waveguides, achieving a unidirectionality efficiency up to 0.95. This configuration may lead to the development of multifunctional nanocircuits for exploiting chiral manipulation with flexible degrees of freedom.
Article
Physics, Applied
Muhammad Nadeem, Chao Zhang, Dimitrie Culcer, Alex R. Hamilton, Michael S. Fuhrer, Xiaolin Wang
Summary: By employing a gate-induced topological quantum phase transition, edge state transport in a topological insulator material can be controlled. This study suggests that zigzag-Xene nanoribbons are promising materials for topological electronics, displaying unique physical characteristics related to intrinsic band topology and finite-size effects on gate-induced topological switching.
APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Brett C. Johnson, Michael Stuiber, Daniel L. Creedon, Manjith Bose, Amanuel Berhane, Laurens Henry Willems van Beveren, Sergey Rubanov, Jared H. Cole, Vincent Mourik, Alexander R. Hamilton, Timothy L. Duty, Jeffrey Colin McCallum
Summary: The development of devices with both superconducting and semiconducting properties is crucial for emerging quantum technologies. This study investigates superconducting nanowires made on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. The interdiffusion of aluminum and silicon along the entire length of the nanowire is observed, even at temperatures much lower than the Al-Si eutectic temperature. The phase-transformed material matches the predefined device patterns. The superconducting properties of a transformed mesoscopic ring on the SOI platform are also examined, and quantized low-temperature magnetoresistance oscillations in units of the fluxoid, h/2e, are observed.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Sara Conti, Andrea Perali, Alexander R. Hamilton, Milorad V. Milosevic, Francois M. Peeters, David Neilson
Summary: A new type of supersolid quantum state, where a rigid lattice of particles flows without resistance, has been discovered in a double-layer semiconductor heterostructure. Unlike the previously observed periodic density modulation or clustering of superfluid in cold-atom systems, this supersolid state has one exciton per supersolid site. The results provide a phase diagram that includes the supersolid phase, which appears at layer separations smaller than predicted for the exciton normal solid.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
B. Oslinker, D. Hoxley, A. Tadich, A. Stacey, S. Yianni, R. Griffin, E. Gill, C. I. Pakes, A. K. Schenk
Summary: High-resolution core-level photoemission and Kelvin probe were used to investigate the surface transfer doping of oxidised silicon-terminated (111) diamond with the molecular acceptor MoO3. It was found that a downward shift in the Fermi level position, indicating p-type surface doping, was only observed for MoO3 coverages in the range of 0.2-0.6 ML and above. For lower MoO3 coverages, the appearance of distinct charge states of MoO3 could be attributed to electron transfer from surface charge traps with a estimated density in the range of 1-3 x 1013 cm-2. Atomic force microscopy imaging indicated significant disorder on the (111) diamond surface compared to similarly prepared (100) diamond surfaces.
DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Prabhat Kumar, Martin Silhavik, Zahid Ali Zafar, Jiri Cervenka
Summary: We successfully reverse the aging process of graphene oxide precursors through oxygen plasma treatment, reducing the size of graphene oxide flakes and restoring their negative zeta potential and suspension stability in water for the fabrication of compact and mechanically stable graphene aerogels using hydrothermal synthesis. Additionally, high-temperature annealing is employed to remove oxygen-containing functionalities and repair lattice defects in reduced graphene oxide, resulting in highly electrically conducting graphene aerogels with a conductivity of 390 S/m and low defect density. The roles of various oxygen functional groups, including carboxyl, hydroxyl, epoxide, and ketonic oxygen species, are thoroughly investigated using X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopies. Our study provides unique insights into the chemical transformations occurring during the aging and thermal reduction of graphene oxide from room temperature up to 2700 degrees C.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ghulam Abbas, Farjana J. Sonia, Martin Jindra, Jiri Cervenka, Martin Kalbac, Otakar Frank, Matej Velicky
Summary: Electrostatic gating using electrolytes is an effective method for controlling the electronic properties of atomically thin two-dimensional materials such as graphene. However, the relationship between the ionic type, size, concentration, and gating efficiency is complex. We conducted in situ Raman microspectroscopy combined with electrostatic gating using various concentrated aqueous electrolytes to understand these relationships. We found that the ionic type and concentration do not significantly affect the doping rate of graphene in the high ionic strength limit of 3-15 M, and a large proportion of the applied voltage contributes to the Fermi level shift in concentrated electrolytes. We provide a practical overview of the doping efficiency for different gating systems.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ik Kyeong Jin, Krittika Kumar, Matthew J. Rendell, Jonathan Yue Huang, Chris C. Escott, Fay E. Hudson, Wee Han Lim, Andrew S. Dzurak, Alexander R. Hamilton, Scott D. Liles
Summary: Holes in silicon quantum dots are explored for their potential as high-speed, customizable, and scalable qubits in semiconductor quantum circuits. Challenges include difficulties in charge sensing and controlling coupling between adjacent dots. A solution is presented with the fabrication of an ambipolar complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) device using multilayer palladium gates. The device includes an electron charge sensor and a hole double quantum dot, enabling control of spin state and smooth interdot coupling control. The results demonstrate improvements in hole spin-qubits' quality and controllability.
Letter
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daisy Q. Wang, Zeb Krix, Oleg P. Sushkov, Ian Farrer, David A. . Ritchie, Alexander R. . Hamilton, Oleh Klochan
Summary: By imposing an external periodic electrostatic potential, the electronic properties of the confined electrons in a quantum well can be different from those in the host semiconductor. In this study, we fabricated and investigated a tunable triangular artificial lattice on a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure, where the band structure and Fermi surface can be transformed by altering a gate bias. Magnetotransport measurements revealed multiple quantum oscillations and commensurability oscillations due to electron scattering from the artificial lattice. Increasing the modulation strength revealed new commensurability oscillations caused by electron scattering from the artificial Fermi surface and triangular lattice. These results demonstrate the ability to form artificial two-dimensional crystals with designer electronic properties using low disorder gate-tunable lateral superlattices.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mitchell A. Conway, Stuart K. Earl, Jack B. Muir, Thi-Hai-Yen Vu, Jonathan O. Tollerud, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Michael S. Fuhrer, Mark T. Edmonds, Jeffrey A. Davis
Summary: By using multidimensional coherent spectroscopy, we excited, controlled, and probed a coherent superposition of excitons in the K and K' valleys in monolayer WS(2). We observed phase rotations greater than π and showed that this could be described by a combination of the AC-Stark shift and the Bloch-Siegert shift. However, the process was not perfectly adiabatic and additional decoherence caused by power broadening was observed. These nonadiabatic effects may pose problems for certain applications, but the measurements also suggest ways to minimize or eliminate them.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pin Lyu, Joachim Sodequist, Xiaoyu Sheng, Zhizhan Qiu, Anton Tadich, Qile Li, Mark T. Edmonds, Meng Zhao, Jesuis Redondo, Martin Svec, Peng Song, Thomas Olsen, Jiong Lu
Summary: In this study, researchers demonstrated the experimental results of obtaining spin-correlated flat-band states and bandgap in a monolayer of magnetic chromium tribromide (CrBr3) grown on graphene by electric field modulation. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) studies showed that the interflat-band spacing and bandgap of CrBr3 can be continuously tuned by injecting carriers into the CrBr3/graphene system. This is due to the self-screening effect of CrBr3 induced by the injected carriers, which dominates over the weakened remote screening of the graphene substrate caused by the decreased carrier density. Precise tuning of spin-correlated flat-band states and bandgap in 2D magnets through electrostatic modulation of Coulomb interactions not only provides effective strategies for optimizing spin transport channels but also has the potential to influence exchange energy and spin-wave gap, thereby raising the critical temperature for magnetic order.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Prabhat Kumar, Martin Silhavik, Manas R. Parida, Hynek Nemec, Jiri Cervenka, Petr Kuzel
Summary: This study investigates the effect of defects on charge transport in graphene by studying the transition of reduced graphene oxide to graphene through high-temperature annealing. The THz spectra reveal that the conductivity of 3D graphene networks increases with frequency, while the permittivity decreases, suggesting the contribution of a relaxational mechanism to conductivity. Upon photoexcitation, carriers injected into the conduction band exhibit picosecond lifetime and femtosecond dephasing time.
NANOSCALE ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. J. Rendell, S. D. Liles, A. Srinivasan, O. Klochan, I. Farrer, D. A. Ritchie, A. R. Hamilton
Summary: In two-dimensional systems with a spin-orbit interaction, magnetic focusing is utilized to separate particles with different spins spatially. We conducted measurements on hole magnetic focusing under two different magnitudes of the Rashba spin-orbit interaction. We discovered that the attenuation of a focusing peak, conventionally linked to a change in spin polarization, is actually caused by a change in the scattering of a spin state in hole systems with a k3 spin-orbit interaction. Additionally, we found that the change in scattering length determined through magnetic focusing is consistent with the results obtained from Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations measurements.
