Journal
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
Volume 221, Issue -, Pages 139-147Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2014.10.010
Keywords
Dry electrode; Bioelectric signal; Electroencephalography (EEG); Multichannel cap; Actuator; Titanium-nitride
Funding
- German Federal Ministry of Science and Education [03IPT605A]
- Thuringia Ministry of Science [2012FG 0014]
- German Academic Exchange Service [D/57036536]
- Landesentwicklungsgesellschaft Thuringen mbH
- European Regional Development Fund [TNA X-1/2012]
- European Union [610950]
- Universidade do Porto [IJUP2010]
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) [SFRH/BSAB/1096/2010]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BSAB/1096/2010] Funding Source: FCT
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Research using multichannel electroencephalographic recordings is increasingly characterized by greater numbers of electrodes. With up to 256 silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCI) electrodes, preparation and electrode placement is time consuming and error prone. We propose a novel type of dry titanium/titanium nitride (Ti/TiN) electrode, integrated into a novel electroencephalography (EEG) cap based on pneumatic-driven mechanisms. The electrodes were characterized electrochemically and comparative biosignal measurements were carried out. In a NaCl solution, the impedance values were between 824 and 54 ohm and the phase values between 52 and 100 at frequencies between 5 Hz and 10 kHz for the Ti/TiN electrodes. For resting-state EEG, and with eye movements, alpha activity, and pattern reversal visual evoked potential (VEP), there were no significant differences between adjacent novel Ti/TiN and standard Ag/AgCI electrodes in 97.2% of the signal episodes investigated. The potential maps for pattern reversal VEP were similar with both types of electrodes. In conclusion, our novel cap system based on Ti/TiN electrodes and pneumatic-driven mechanisms enables completely dry EEG acquisition and can thus potentially replace conventional Ag/AgCI electrodes due to similar signal quality. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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