Article
Zoology
Sergei Fokin, Valentina Serra, Leandro Gammuto, Alessandro Allievi, Giulio Petroni, Letizia Modeo
Summary: The history of the genus Copemetopus has been complicated and plagued with misattributions. Initially classified as a heterotrich, further systematic revisions have revealed that Copemetopus belongs to the subphylum Intramacronucleata. However, its taxonomic status remains uncertain and it is currently considered as incertae sedis. In this study, a new species, Copemetopus mystakophoros, is described in detail, and a new class, Copemetopea, is proposed to accommodate the unique molecular and morphological characteristics of Copemetopus.
ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Van Duy Nguyen, Thu Thuy Pham
Summary: A new species of Penicillium, Penicillium vietnamense, was isolated from Nha Trang Bay, Vietnam in June 2017. It is phylogenetically distinct from its sister species and represents a unique marine fungi species discovered in Vietnam. The data obtained from this study are significant for understanding the taxonomy and geographical distribution of marine fungi in tropical coastal systems like Vietnam.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Qianqian Xu, Sasa Miao, Huafeng Jian, Xiaoting Zou, Xinyang Dong
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the development of the morphology and immune function in the jejunum and ileum of squab pigeons. The results showed that the enterocyte circumference and villus morphology changed with age, and there were alterations in the levels of secretory IgA and cytokines. Overall, the changes in the intestine persisted throughout the entire period and differed between the jejunum and ileum.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yulan Peng, Xuemei Pu, Qi Yu, Hailing Zhou, Tianfang Huang, Bo Xu, Xinfen Gao
Summary: The pollen morphology of 20 species from Blumea and Cyathocline Cass. was investigated using a light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to explore their taxonomic significance. Different types of pollen grains were distinguished based on their exine sculpture characters and the number of apertures. Cyathocline was easily distinguished from species of Blumea s. str. based on its smaller size and sparse and longer spines with acute apex. Palynological characteristics indicated that Section Macrophllae and Section Paniculatae of Blumea were not monophyletic groups.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Tong Xin, Yanan Lv, Haoran Chen, Linlin Li, Lijun Shen, Guangcun Shan, Xi Chen, Hua Han
Summary: This article proposes a new method for serial section registration using an unsupervised optical flow network to measure feature similarity and eliminate nonlinear deformation. The optical flow network is also used to estimate and compensate for cumulative registration error, enabling the reconstruction of biological tissue structures. Experimental results demonstrate that this method effectively improves the spatial continuity of serial sections and enhances the accuracy of registration and reconstruction for biological tissue structures.
Article
Parasitology
Oscar S. Molina, Leonardo H. Gil-Azevedo
Summary: This study utilized scanning electron microscopy to describe the microtrichia of labral fan primary rays and the posterior proleg hooks in 14 Neotropical black fly species for the first time. It found four patterns of microtrichia and two types of hooks barbs disposition, suggesting that posterior proleg hooks barbs are common among black fly species and not related to larval habitat or microtrichial patterns. Additionally, it indicated that flow conditions may influence the microtrichial patterns of last-instar larvae in most Neotropical species studied.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Alexey V. Vaganov
Summary: The study utilized SEM to characterize spore morphology of 24 taxa in the subfamily Pteridoideae and projected standardized data onto the phylogenetic tree, exploring the evolution of characteristics and relationships within the Pteridaceae family.
MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Fang Li, Yinxing Niu, Jiabao Zhang, Peipei Li, Yakun Si, Zhanhui Zhao, Wang Yi, Hui Li, Yanlai Han
Summary: This study examines the roles of two saprophytic fungi in soil aggregation and finds that they can effectively promote the formation of macroaggregates and the accumulation of organic carbon and nitrogen. Compared to microbial communities, fungi of the same or similar species are more conducive to mutual attraction and linkage between hyphae, which more strongly promote soil aggregation.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Murtaza Ijaz, Rabia Afza, Muhammad Zafar, Muhammad Hamayun, Shujaul Mullk Khan, Zeeshan Ahmad, Mushtaq Ahmad, Sumera Afzal Khan, Raheem Shah, Muhammad Yahya
Summary: Rust fungi, comprising the largest natural group of plant pathogens, were identified and characterized in the study area in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Seven rust fungi belonging to four genera were documented, revealing morphological characteristics and spore types. The techniques used, including microscopy and SEM, aid in rust identification and microscopic characterization for future research.
MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Lubna, Muhammad Zafar, Mushtaq Ahmad, Ghulam Mujtaba Shah, Amir Muhammad Khan, Omer Kilic, Erkan Yilmaz, Fethi A. Ozdemir, Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali, Muhammad Ajmal Shah, Shazia Sultana, Shabir Ahmad
Summary: The study investigated the palyno-morphological features of species of family Vitaceae from Pakistan, analyzing nine species from four genera. Results showed variations in pollen characteristics and emphasized the importance of pollen morphology as an identification tool, potentially contributing to better understanding of genus classification and future phylogenetic characterization of the family.
MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Xiaojian Lu, Xiufen Ye, Ziming Hu, Jiaxi Liu
Summary: The morphology of stigma in the family Asteraceae has taxonomic significance. In this study, the morphological characteristics of stigma in 28 genera, 32 species, and two varieties of Asteraceae were observed using scanning electron microscopy. The results revealed the existence of 10 types of stigma morphology, including eight types that were reported for the first time. The morphological characteristics of stigma supported the relationships between genera Aster and Erigeron, as well as among genera Sonchus, Taraxacum, and Youngia. This study expanded the diversity data of stigma types and provided a morphological basis for the phylogenetic evolution study of Asteraceae.
MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE
(2022)
Correction
Anatomy & Morphology
Lubna, Muhammad Zafar, Mushtaq Ahmad, Ghulam Mujtaba Shah, Amir Muhammad Khan, Omer Kilic, Erkan Yilmaz, Fethi A. Ozdemir, Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali, Muhammad Ajmal Shah, Shazia Sultana, Shabir Ahmad
Summary: This study investigated the palyno-morphological features of Vitaceae species from Pakistan, analyzing nine species from four genera. The study recorded quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the pollen grains and highlighted the significance of pollen morphology for identification. Results showed variations in pollen features among species, contributing to better understanding of genus-level classification.
MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Saraj Bahadur, Sehrish Taj, Wenxing Long, Uzma Hanif
Summary: This study investigated the pollen morphology of selected Mimosoideae taxa from Hainan Island and found that these traits have significant taxonomic potential for identification and discrimination.
Article
Polymer Science
Akanksha Rastogi, Sumita Sahoo, Tapas Kumar Bandyopadhyay, Rabibrata Mukherjee, Rintu Banerjee
Summary: This study investigates the kinetics and morphology of bacterial cellulose production by Leifsonia soli. The cellulose layer formation was observed to increase until the 7th day of incubation. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the semi crystalline nature of cellulose and identified its structure as allomorphs of I alpha and I beta. The study provides insights into the mechanism of cellulose formation and predicts the maximum cellulose synthesis.
Article
Neurosciences
Celia Zhang, Mengxiao Ye, Peter Bush, Bo Hua Hu
Summary: This study used scanning electron microscopy to investigate the ultrastructure of macrophages in different regions of the cochlea and analyzed their phagocytic activities and immune molecule expression. The results showed that basal macrophages exhibited greater phagocytic activities in aging and noise-induced damage. Differences in the expression of immune molecules were also observed between the apical and basal cochlear tissues of young mice. Additionally, the study found that macrophages in the apical and basal regions undergo a transformation in their morphologies as the cochlea ages.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Yukako Hattori, Yuho Ando, Atsuko Sasaki, Nami Uechi, Chiharu Nakashima
Summary: The reexamination of the fungal genus Botryosphaeria on 12 plant species of 10 families revealed two new species and added B. qingyuanensis and B. sinensis to the Japanese mycoflora. The study was based on molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological characteristics.
Article
Plant Sciences
Fang Jing Li, Ryoji Komura, Chiharu Nakashima, Masafumi Shimizu, Koji Kageyama, Haruhisa Suga
Summary: Fusarium fujikuroi, the pathogen of rice bakanae disease, can be subclassified into two groups: gibberellin (G) and fumonisin (F). Thiophanate-methyl (TM), a benzimidazole fungicide, has been widely used to control F. fujikuroi. In Japan, it was found that F-group strains are TM sensitive (TMS), while most G-group strains are TM resistant (TMR). The TMR strains have mutations E198K and F200Y in beta(2)-tubulin. A diagnostic method using loop-mediated isothermal amplification with fluorescent loop primers was developed and applied to identify these mutations in 37 TMR strains and 56 TMS strains. The results showed that 100% of the TMR strains had either the E198K mutation (41%) or the F200Y mutation (59%), while none of the TMS strains had these mutations. Interestingly, a TMR strain in the F group with an F200Y mutation was discovered. These findings suggest that the E198K and F200Y mutations in beta(2)-tubulin contribute to TM resistance in F. fujikuroi.
Article
Forestry
Keita Henry Okada, Hiroshi Abe, Yosuke Matsuda, Kazuhide Nara
Summary: The study found that R. togasawarius has the ability to disperse and extend the range of spore banks outside the forest of host trees, with a significant increase in occurrence near forest boundaries. This is important for understanding the dispersal ecology of ectomycorrhizal fungi.
JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yudai Kitagami, Yosuke Matsuda
Summary: This study investigates the propagation and food preference of fungivorous nematodes on different ectomycorrhizal fungi. The results show that different fungal species have different effects on nematode numbers and body size, with S. granulatus being the most attractive to nematodes.
Article
Plant Sciences
Keita Henry Okada, Yosuke Matsuda
Summary: This study investigated the EcM fungal spore bank communities in soil in remnant patches of Japanese Douglas-fir forest. The results showed that these spore banks were not restricted to Douglas-fir forests and extended to surrounding forest dominated by arbuscular mycorrhizal trees. The community structure of EcM fungal spore banks differed significantly between study sites but not between forest types.
Article
Ecology
Yudai Kitagami, Keisuke Obase, Yosuke Matsuda
Summary: This study compared the community structures of soil nematodes at different altitudes using morphological and high-throughput sequencing analyses, revealing differences in nematode community structures between the two methods but similar responses to environmental gradients.
Article
Forestry
Taichiro Mine, Yudai Kitagami, Toko Tanikawa, Yosuke Matsuda
Summary: This study found that the phylum Thaumarchaeota is the dominant archaeal group in the fine roots of Japanese cedars and that the community structure is influenced by soil acidity.
JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Fumihiro Nishimura, Haruka Fujisawa, Mitsutaka Mori, Chiharu Nakashima, Mitsuru Nakanishi, Yutaka Iwamoto, Genki Mimuro, Yoshihide Nakamura, Mayu Komori, Kenichi Ikeda
Summary: A sensitive method for detecting onion downy mildew was developed, and significant correlations between oospore density and primary infection were observed in untreated fields.
Article
Ecology
Yudai Kitagami, Yosuke Matsuda
Summary: This study compared the community structures of soil nematodes determined by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and morphological analyses in natural Japanese cedar forests. The results showed that HTS analysis is more useful for uncovering hidden diversity of nematode communities in natural ecosystems.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Ryota Hayashi, Nagamitsu Maie, Rota Wagai, Yasuhiro Hirano, Yosuke Matsuda, Naoki Makita, Takeo Mizoguchi, Ryusei Wada, Toko Tanikawa
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate why the cation exchange capacity (CEC) was not enhanced in low acid buffering capacity (ABC) soils despite higher fine-root biomass and total carbon (TC) content. The results showed that increased SOM degradation in the low ABC soils prevented the increase in carboxyl group content in the stabilized SOM fraction, leading to no increase in CEC.
Article
Mycology
Roselyn Jove Uy, Miyuki Kayamori, Chiharu Nakashima
Summary: In this study, three species of Penicillium related to blue mold disease in Chinese yam were identified. Penicillium albocoremium and P. polonicum were newly discovered as causal fungi of the disease in Japan. Pathogenicity was confirmed in all Penicillium-like isolates, and some showed resistance to benomyl.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Toko Tanikawa, Nagamitsu Maie, Saori Fujii, Lijuan Sun, Yasuhiro Hirano, Takeo Mizoguchi, Yosuke Matsuda
Summary: Leachate from decaying root and leaf litter plays crucial roles in soil biogeochemical processes in forest ecosystems. The chemical composition and microbial community of root litter leachate differ from leaf litter leachate. Understanding organ-specific litter N dynamics is essential for forest ecosystem management.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Anysia Hedy Ujat, Tsuyoshi Ono, Yukako Hattori, Chiharu Nakashima
Summary: This study reexamined Elsinoe species in Japan using morphological and molecular-phylogenetic analysis, resulting in the discovery of three new species and the transfer of one species to the genus Elsinoe.
Article
Mycology
Yukako Hattori, Lynn Nakano, Chiharu Nakashima
Summary: Lasiodiplodia species cause various diseases in woody plants, and recent taxonomic studies have revealed the species diversity of this genus globally. However, only three species have been reported in Japan. In this study, 30 isolates were re-examined to evaluate the species diversity of Lasiodiplodia in Japan, and phylogenetic analysis showed that six species were identified, including three newly added to the Japanese mycoflora.
Article
Mycology
Q. Chen, M. Bakhshi, Y. Balci, K. D. Broders, R. Cheewangkoon, S. F. Chen, X. L. Fan, D. Gramaje, F. Halleen, M. Horta Jung, N. Jiang, T. Jung, T. Majek, S. Marincowitz, I Milenkovic, L. Mostert, C. Nakashima, I. Nurul Faziha, M. Pan, M. Raza, B. Scanu, C. F. J. Spies, L. Suhaizan, H. Suzuki, C. M. Tian, M. Tomsovsky, J. R. Urbez Torres, W. Wang, B. D. Wingfield, M. J. Wingfield, Q. Yang, X. Yang, R. Zare, P. Zhao, J. Z. Groenewald, L. Cai, P. W. Crous
Summary: This paper is the fourth contribution in the Genera of Phytopathogenic Fungi (GOPHY) series. It provides detailed descriptions and information about 19 genera of phytopathogenic fungi and their relatives, including morphology, pathology, distribution, hosts, and disease symptoms, and also provides DNA barcodes for these taxa.
STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY
(2022)
