Article
Immunology
Eun Jung Jang, Young June Choe, Go-Woon Yun, Ryu Kyung Kim, Heegwon Jeong, Sangwon Lee, Young-Joon Park
Summary: This is a national observational study conducted in Korea to calculate the positive predictive value of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests in K-12 schools during the Omicron variant surge in March 2022. The weekly positive predictive value ranged from 86.4% to 93.2%. The highest positive predictive value was observed among elementary school students with symptoms (95.7%), while the lowest was among teachers/staff without symptoms (70.9%).
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Tze Ping Loh, Sarah J. Lord, Katy Bell, Mary Kathryn Bohn, Chun Yee Lim, Corey Markus, Hernan Fares Taie, Khosrow Adeli, Giuseppe Lippi, Sverre Sandberg, Andrea Horvath
Summary: Choosing laboratory tests and testing strategies for SARS-CoV-2 involves delicate trade-offs between NPV and PPV based on prevalence, clinical sensitivity, and clinical specificity. Practitioners and health authorities should carefully consider the clinical scenarios under which the test result will be used and select the most appropriate testing strategy that fulfills the a priori defined clinical performance specification.
CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Yoonsuk Jung, Eui Im, Jinhee Lee, Hyeah Lee, Changmo Moon
Summary: This study compared the performance of FITs for CRC detection between users and non-users of antiplatelet agents and warfarin using a large-scale population-based database. It found that users of antiplatelet agents had lower positive predictive values for CRC detection compared to non-users, while there were no significant differences for warfarin users.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariem Gdoura, Habib Halouani, Donia Sahli, Mehdi Mrad, Wafa Chamsa, Manel Mabrouk, Nahed Hogga, Kamel Ben-Salem, Henda Triki
Summary: This study evaluated and compared the performance of four different commercial serology tests for SARS-CoV-2. The results showed a large range of variability between the tests, highlighting the importance of understanding the sensitivity and specificity of each test before choosing the most suitable one for specific indications. The findings provide new data to guide the interpretation and selection of serological tests.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elia Sechi, Marina Buciuc, Sean J. Pittock, John J. Chen, James P. Fryer, Sarah M. Jenkins, Adrian Budhram, Brian G. Weinshenker, A. Sebastian Lopez-Chiriboga, Jan-Mendelt Tillema, Andrew McKeon, John R. Mills, W. Oliver Tobin, Eoin P. Flanagan
Summary: This study investigated the positive predictive value of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG1 testing in a single tertiary referral center, revealing a PPV of 72% with variations depending on antibody titer and clinical phenotypes at testing.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Baoli Wang, Qin Zhou, Wentao Qian, Zhiyuan He, Zuoyi Yang, Changyu Chen, Lingyan Zheng, Huan Shi
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the predictive value of individual laboratory tests and combinations of tests for disease severity. A retrospective review of 62 patients with space infections in the oral and maxillofacial head and neck regions revealed that leukocytes, neutrophils, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), soluble interleukin receptor (sILR) 2, IL6, and creatinine (CR) increased with the severity of infection. ROC analysis showed that leukocytes, neutrophils, PCT, and a combination of the three tests had a strong predictive value for differentiating moderate and severe infections. Furthermore, CRP, PCT, sIL2R, IL6, and a combination of the four tests had a strong predictive value for differentiating severe and extremely severe infections.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Sarang Younesi, Bahareh Yazdani, Mohammad Mahdi Taheri Amin, Pourandokht Saadati, Soudabeh Jamali, Mohammad-Hossein Modarresi, Shahram Savad, Saloomeh Amidi, Homayoun Razavi, Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
Summary: This study revealed a high incidence of metabolic diseases in Iran due to a high rate of consanguineous marriages. Incorporating second-tier tests and secondary biomarkers improves the positive predictive value of neonatal screening programs.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
David Lopez, Ignacio Aguilera-Martos, Marta Garcia-Barzana, Francisco Herrera, Diego Garcia-Gil, Julian Luengo
Summary: Anomaly detection aims to identify observations that differ significantly from the majority of the data. Time series is often used for this purpose. False positive mitigation is the task of reducing the number of false positives tagged by the anomaly detector. This paper proposes a two-stage methodology for multivariate anomaly detection and false positive mitigation, which has shown good performance in experiments.
INFORMATION FUSION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jamil N. Kanji, Dustin T. Proctor, William Stokes, Byron M. Berenger, James Silvius, Graham Tipples, A. Mark Joffe, Allison A. Venner
Summary: Frequent screening of SARS-CoV-2 among asymptomatic healthcare workers in continuing care facilities in AB, Canada using antigen-based point-of-care tests showed low detection rates and high false-positive detection rates, indicating the need for careful consideration of the benefits and risks of APOCT programs before implementation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jacob Bodilsen, Steffen Leth, Stig Lonberg Nielsen, Jon Gitz Holler, Thomas Benfield, Lars Haukali Omland
Summary: The study found that the overall positive predictive value of COVID-19 diagnosis codes in Denmark was high, indicating their suitability for future registry-based prognosis studies of COVID-19.
CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sarah K. Rapoport, Usmaan Basharat, Diana N. Kirke, Mark S. Courey
Summary: The proposed laryngoscopic paresis triad may serve as useful objective criteria for diagnosing vocal fold paresis without the need for laryngeal electromyography (LEMG). Further studies with a larger sample size are needed.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nan Guo, Meiying Cai, Min Lin, Huili Xue, Hailong Huang, Liangpu Xu
Summary: Early and intermediate serological screening cannot detect sex chromosome abnormalities. Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is the only available procedure for screening such disorders. This study found that karyotype analysis and SNP array can improve the diagnostic accuracy for pregnant women with a positive NIPT result indicating sex chromosome abnormalities. The study also identified age-related differences in the positive predictive value.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Katie Labgold, Lindsay J. Collin, Penelope P. Howards
Summary: This study investigates the overreporting of neonatal abstinence syndrome and estimates the impact of negative predictive value on prevalence estimates. The results demonstrate that misclassification bias can affect prevalence estimates, and the negative predictive value is important for understanding the magnitude of bias.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sylvia Ceder, Marios Rossides, Susanna Kullberg, Anders Eklund, Johan Grunewald, Elizabeth Arkema
Summary: This study validated the accuracy of using at least 2 ICD-10 codes to identify sarcoidosis patients in Sweden, with a positive predictive value of 0.94.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Laerke Storgaard Duerlund, Shakil Shakar, Henrik Nielsen, Jacob Bodilsen
Summary: The study examined the positive predictive value (PPV) of International Classification version 10 (ICD-10) diagnosis codes for long COVID-19 in a Danish Health registry. The overall PPV of diagnosis codes for long COVID-19 was high in the North Denmark Region and suitable for future registry-based studies. Caution is advised at the extremes of age and with secondary diagnosis codes.
CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)