Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Heather Hirsch, JoAnn E. Manson
Summary: This review summarizes the best practices in evaluating and treating vasomotor symptoms and genitourinary syndrome of menopause in women with preexisting cardiovascular disease, based on international expert consensus guidelines and expert opinion. Guidelines often address the appropriate formulation, dose, and route of delivery for hormonal therapy in eligible candidates. Nonhormonal options are also discussed for women who are not suitable for hormonal therapy, and their safety and efficacy in symptom management are explored.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Chan Young Park, Joong-Yeon Lim, Won-Ho Kim, So Young Kim, Hyun-Young Park
Summary: The proportion of MHT users among Korean women aged >40 years was 7.8% in 2002, decreasing to 6.3% in 2013. The overall MHT consumption level in 2002 was 27.5 DDDs/1000 inhabitants/day, decreasing to 12.5 DIDs in 2013. Women in Korea tended to use hormone replacement therapy around menopause, in the short term, and at low doses during the period of 2002-2013.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Huaying Liang, Dianwu Li, Yiqun Zhu, Xin Zhou, Fengyu Lin, Danrong Jing, Xiaoli Su, Pinhua Pan, Yan Zhang
Summary: This study found significant associations between multiple reproductive factors and the risk of adult-onset asthma in females. Age at menarche and age of menopause showed a U-shaped relationship with asthma risk. Factors such as early age at first live birth, multiple miscarriages or stillbirths, more children, and shorter reproductive years were associated with an elevated risk of asthma. Additionally, history of hysterectomy or oophorectomy, as well as hormone replacement therapy, were linked to an increased incidence of adult-onset asthma.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Haitao Xi, Jinghuan Gan, Shuai Liu, Fei Wang, Zhichao Chen, Xiao-Dan Wang, Zhihong Shi, Yong Ji
Summary: This study evaluates the relationship between reproductive factors and cognitive impairment in Chinese women with natural menopause. The findings suggest that age at menopause, reproductive period, and number of pregnancies/parities are correlated with cognitive impairment and significantly impact the risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chrisandra L. Shufelt, JoAnn E. Manson
Summary: Menopausal hormone therapy has varying effects on cardiometabolic markers and cardiovascular disease risk depending on formulation, dose, and route of delivery. Oral estrogens without progestogens have positive effects on lipoprotein levels, glycemia, insulin, and CVD risk, while adding progestogens blunts the lipid-related effects. Transdermal estrogens have less impact on coagulation, inflammation, and lipids compared to oral estrogens, potentially posing a lower risk of venous thromboembolism and stroke.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Brandilyn A. Peters, David B. Hanna, Anjali Sharma, Kathryn Anastos, Donald R. Hoover, Qiuhu Shi, Caitlin A. Moran, Elizabeth A. Jackson, Maria L. Alcaide, Igho Ofotokun, Adaora A. Adimora, Sabina A. Haberlen, Mardge Cohen, Phyllis C. Tien, Katherine G. Michel, Steven R. Levine, Howard N. Hodis, Robert C. Kaplan, Michael T. Yin
Summary: In this cohort study, ever use of estrogen-based hormone therapy was associated with less progression of subclinical atherosclerosis over time in women with and without HIV. This suggests that hormone therapy may confer a similar cardiovascular benefit for both groups.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Zhiwei Xu, Hsin-Fang Chung, Annette J. Dobson, Louise F. Wilson, Martha Hickey, Gita D. Mishra
Summary: This study examines the association between menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) and cause-specific mortality. The results suggest that self-reported MHT use after early natural menopause, surgical menopause, or premenopausal hysterectomy is associated with a lower risk of breast cancer mortality but not consistently associated with mortality from cardiovascular disease or other causes.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Sungsoon Hwang, Se Woong Kang, Jisang Han, Kyungdo Han, Dahye Kim, Kyu Na Lee, Keun Hye Jeon, Jung Eun Yoo, Dong-Yun Lee, Dong Wook Shin, Dong Hui Lim
Summary: The study revealed that female reproductive factors were associated with the risk of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Longer reproductive period, longer duration of hormone replacement therapy, and greater exposure to estrogen were all linked to a higher incidence of exudative AMD.
RETINA-THE JOURNAL OF RETINAL AND VITREOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jin-Sung Yuk, Jin San Lee, Joong Hyun Park
Summary: This study used national population data from Korea to investigate the association between menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) and the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and non-AD dementia. The findings suggest that different types of MHT have varying effects on the risk of dementia.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David J. Cote, John L. Kilgallon, Noah L. A. Nawabi, Hassan Y. Dawood, Timothy R. Smith, Ursula B. Kaiser, Edward R. Laws, JoAnn E. Manson, Meir J. Stampfer
Summary: The use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) and longer duration of MHT were positively associated with higher risk of pituitary adenoma in two independent datasets. On the other hand, oral contraceptive (OC) use was not associated with risk in the prospective cohort analysis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Hyuk Huh, Minsang Kim, Sehyun Jung, Jeong Min Cho, Seong Geun Kim, Sehoon Park, Soojin Lee, Eunjeong Kang, Yaerim Kim, Dong Ki Kim, Kwon Wook Joo, Kyungdo Han, Semin Cho
Summary: The risk for cognitive dysfunction increases in postmenopausal women with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may reduce the risk of cognitive dysfunction in CKD patients.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Jin-Sung Yuk
Summary: The risk of endometrial cancer is not significantly affected by the use of different types of menopausal hormones. Tibolone, combined estrogen plus progestin by the physician, and transdermal estrogen do not increase the risk of endometrial cancer. The combination of estrogen plus progestin by the manufacturer decreases the risk of endometrial cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Leslie Cho, Andrew M. Kaunitz, Stephanie S. Faubion, Sharonne N. Hayes, Emily S. Lau, Nicole Pristera, Nandita Scott, Jan L. Shifren, Chrisandra L. Shufelt, Cynthia A. Stuenkel, Kathryn J. Lindley
Summary: Menopausal hormone therapy (HT) was widely used in the past, but declined due to cardiovascular risks. However, recent research has provided new insights into the timing, administration, and cardiovascular disease risk associated with HT. This review, led by the American College of Cardiology, aims to provide guidance on HT use for symptomatic women with cardiovascular disease risk.
Article
Rheumatology
Fatemeh Hadizadeh, Therese Johansson, Asa Johansson, Torgny Karlsson, Weronica E. Ek
Summary: This study examined the association between oral contraceptives (OC) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as well as between menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) and late-onset RA (LORA). The results showed that OC use was associated with a decreased risk of RA, while MHT use was associated with an increased risk of LORA.
Article
Oncology
Calistus Wilunda, Norie Sawada, Taiki Yamaji, Motoki Iwasaki, Manami Inoue, Shoichiro Tsugane
Summary: Reproductive factors such as longer fertility span and late age at menopause were associated with increased risk of lung adenocarcinoma among nonsmoking women. Breastfeeding was found to be associated with reduced risk of nonadenocarcinoma. Other factors like parity, age at first birth, exogenous hormone use, and length of menstrual cycle did not show significant associations with lung cancer risk. Future studies incorporating estrogen and progesterone biomarkers may help clarify the role of endogenous hormones in lung carcinogenesis.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jian Yin, Neal D. Freedman, Yiwei Liu, Sanford M. M. Dawsey, Huan Yang, Philip R. R. Taylor, Liangyu Yin, Bin Liu, Jianfeng Cui, Jinhu Fan, Wen Chen, Youlin Qiao, Christian C. C. Abnet
Summary: This study found that serum insulin and HOMA-IR may be risk factors for the development of primary liver cancer (PLC) or chronic liver disease (CLD) death. In HBV-positive patients, glucose was also associated with an increased risk of these diseases.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ana K. Rosen Vollmar, Clarice R. Weinberg, Donna D. Baird, Allen J. Wilcox, Antonia M. Calafat, Nicole C. Deziel, Caroline H. Johnson, Anne Marie Z. Jukic
Summary: Urinary phenol concentrations of 2,5-dichlorophenol were associated with an increased odds of early pregnancy loss, while higher concentrations of butylparaben and triclosan were associated with an increase in fecundability. This study is the first to investigate the associations between phenol exposure and fecundability and early pregnancy loss using repeated pooled measures, providing important insights for future research on reproductive health.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jung Kim, Danielle M. Karyadi, Stephen W. Hartley, Bin Zhu, Mingyi Wang, Dongjing Wu, Lei Song, Gregory T. Armstrong, Smita Bhatia, Leslie L. Robison, Yutaka Yasui, Brian Carter, Joshua N. Sampson, Neal D. Freedman, Alisa M. Goldstein, Lisa Mirabello, Stephen J. Chanock, Lindsay M. Morton, Sharon A. Savage, Douglas R. Stewart
Summary: The use of publicly available sequencing datasets as controls in rare variant disease association studies can increase the risk of false-positive discoveries. This study systematically investigated the factors that contribute to false-positive discoveries using both public controls and datasets sequenced in their own laboratory. The results showed that using the same variant caller and filtering pipelines significantly reduced the inflation of test statistics. However, differences in library prep kits and sequencers as well as joint vs. separate variant-calling of cases and controls did not affect the false-positive rate. This highlights the risks associated with using public controls and suggests the potential of cloud-based computing to mitigate these issues.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mitchell J. Machiela, Wen-Yi Huang, Wendy Wong, Sonja I. Berndt, Joshua Sampson, Jonas De Almeida, Mustapha Abubakar, Jada Hislop, Kai-Ling Chen, Casey Dagnall, Norma Diaz-Mayoral, Mary Ferrell, Michael Furr, Alex Gonzalez, Belynda Hicks, Aubrey K. Hubbard, Amy Hutchinson, Kevin Jiang, Kristine Jones, Jia Liu, Erikka Loftfield, Jennifer Loukissas, Jerome Mabie, Shannon Merkle, Eric Miller, Lori M. Minasian, Ellen Nordgren, Brian Park, Paul Pinsky, Thomas Riley, Lorena Sandoval, Neeraj Saxena, Aurelie Vogt, Jiahui Wang, Craig Williams, Patrick Wright, Meredith Yeager, Bin Zhu, Claire Zhu, Stephen J. Chanock, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Neal D. Freedman
Summary: The PLCO Cancer Screening Trial is a prospective cohort study that developed the PLCO Atlas Project, a large resource for GWAS. Genotyping was performed on participants with available DNA, and GWAS were conducted using a custom pipeline. The PLCO Atlas GWAS Explorer website, with APIs and SDKs, allows for exploration, visualization, and open data access. It currently hosts association data for 90 traits and >78 million genomic markers, focusing on cancer-related phenotypes. The PLCO Atlas is a FAIR resource for cancer research and genetic epidemiology.
Article
Oncology
Arash Etemadi, Christian C. Abnet, Sanford M. Dawsey, Neal D. Freedman
Summary: Biomarkers can provide unique information about cancer risk factors by measuring the internal dose of carcinogens. Smoke-related biomarkers, including tobacco-specific biomarkers and those from exposure to tobacco and non-tobacco pollutants, are commonly studied in relation to cancer. Biomonitoring is superior to self-reported exposure assessment and will continue to be essential to cancer research.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Wayne R. Lawrence, Jasmine A. McDonald, Faustine Williams, Meredith S. Shiels, Neal D. Freedman, Ziqiang Lin, Jared W. Magnani
Summary: Chronic stress is hypothesized to be associated with breast cancer, but previous studies have shown mixed results. This study examined the association between self-reported stressful life events and incident breast cancer in postmenopausal women, taking into account estrogen receptor (ER) status and social support. The results showed that there was no relationship between stressful life events and ER-positive breast cancer, but there was an increased risk of ER-negative breast cancer in women with higher levels of stressful life events. This association was stronger in widowed women. Social support did not modify the relationship between stressful life events and ER-negative breast cancer.
CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Vicky C. C. Chang, Jongeun Rhee, Sonja I. I. Berndt, Steven C. C. Moore, Neal D. D. Freedman, Rena R. R. Jones, Debra T. T. Silverman, Gretchen L. L. Gierach, Jonathan N. N. Hofmann, Mark P. P. Purdue
Summary: In this nested case-control study, prediagnostic serum levels of PFOS and PFOA were found to be associated with breast cancer risk, particularly for hormone receptor-positive tumors, providing evidence of a possible positive association.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Anika T. Haque, Amy Berrington de Gonzalez, Yingxi Chen, Emily A. Haozous, Maki Inoue-Choi, Wayne R. Lawrence, Jennifer K. McGee-Avila, Anna M. Napoles, Eliseo J. Perez-Stable, Kekoa Taparra, Jacqueline B. Vo, Neal D. Freedman, Meredith S. Shiels
Summary: The study estimated cancer death rates among different racial and ethnic groups in the United States from 2018 to 2020. The results found significant disparities in cancer death rates, with the highest rates observed among Black individuals and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) individuals. Separating NHPI and Asian individuals revealed large differences in cancer mortality between the two groups that were previously combined in vital statistics data.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Xiaoshuang Feng, Wendy Yi-Ying Wu, Justina Ucheojor Onwuka, Zahra Haider, Karine Alcala, Karl Smith-Byrne, Hana Zahed, Florence Guida, Renwei Wang, Julie K. Bassett, Victoria Stevens, Ying Wang, Stephanie Weinstein, Neal D. Freedman, Chu Chen, Lesley Tinker, Therese Haugdahl Nost, Woon-Puay Koh, David Muller, Sandra M. Colorado-Yohar, Rosario Tumino, Rayjean J. Hung, Christopher Amos, Xihong Lin, Xuehong Zhang, Alan A. Arslan, Maria-Jose Sanchez, Elin Pettersen Sorgjerd, Gianluca Severi, Kristian Hveem, Paul Brennan, Arnulf Langhammer, Roger L. Milne, Jian-Min Yuan, Beatrice Melin, Mikael Johansson, Hilary A. Robbins, Mattias Johansson
Summary: This study aimed to develop a proteomics-based risk model for lung cancer and compare its performance with a smoking-based risk model and a commercially available autoantibody biomarker test. We conducted a case-control study in 6 prospective cohorts, involving 624 lung cancer participants and 624 smoking-matched cancer free participants. The protein-based risk model showed promise in predicting incident lung cancer and outperformed the standard risk prediction model and the commercialized EarlyCDT-Lung.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Linda Kachuri, Thomas J. Hoffmann, Yu Jiang, Sonja I. Berndt, John P. Shelley, Kerry R. Schaffer, Mitchell J. Machiela, Neal D. Freedman, Wen-Yi Huang, Shengchao A. Li, Ryder Easterlin, Phyllis J. Goodman, Cathee Till, Ian Thompson, Hans Lilja, Stephen K. Van Den Eeden, Stephen J. Chanock, Christopher A. Haiman, David V. Conti, Robert J. Klein, Jonathan D. Mosley, Rebecca E. Graff, John S. Witte
Summary: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer remains controversial due to overdiagnosis and overtreatment. However, accounting for genetic determinants of PSA variation may improve screening accuracy.
Article
Oncology
Meredith S. Shiels, Stanley Lipkowitz, Nicole G. Campos, Mark Schiffman, John T. Schiller, Neal D. Freedman, Amy Berrington de Gonzalez
Summary: President Biden and First Lady Dr. Biden have reignited the Cancer Moonshot with the goal of reducing age-standardized cancer mortality rates by at least 50% in the United States over the next 25 years. From 2000 to 2019, overall cancer death rates declined, driven by significant decreases in lung, colorectal, and breast cancer mortality. However, progress for other cancer types was less promising, highlighting the need for new strategies. Achieving the Moonshot goal requires maintaining or accelerating progress in controlling lung, colorectal, and breast cancer deaths, and developing new approaches for prostate, liver, pancreatic, and other cancers.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Courtney D. Dill, Dontray Trump, Rebecca Landy, Li Cheung, Wen-Yi Huang, Sonja Berndt, Neal Freedman, Hormuzd Katki
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Courtney D. Dill, Dontray Trump, Rebecca Landy, Li Cheung, Wen-Yi Huang, Sonja Berndt, Neal Freedman, Hormuzd Katki
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Courtney D. Dill, Dontray Trump, Rebecca Landy, Li Cheung, Wen-Yi Huang, Sonja Berndt, Neal Freedman, Hormuzd Katki
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yikyung Park, Zeinab Farhat, Linda M. Liao, Maki Inoue-Choi, Erikka Loftfield
Summary: The use of multivitamins was not associated with lower all-cause mortality risk in cancer survivors, but it showed a modest inverse association for cardiovascular mortality in certain groups. Additionally, multivitamin use was linked to a lower risk of cancer-specific mortality in survivors of skin and breast cancer.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)