Journal
MOLECULES
Volume 15, Issue 4, Pages 2166-2177Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules15042166
Keywords
palladium; Heck coupling; heterogenized catalysts; cyclohexene
Funding
- Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [N164/COST/2008]
- COST D40
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Palladium catalysts containing Pd(II) supported on Al2O3 and alumina-based mixed oxides, Al2O3-ZrO2, Al2O3-CeO2, and Al2O3-Fe2O3, are very effective in the Heck coupling of iodobenzene with cyclohexene in DMF solution. The best results, up to 81% of monoarylated products with a selectivity to 4-phenylcyclohexene (3) close to 90% were obtained with KOH as a base. The catalytic activity of palladium supported on alumina-based oxides was compared with that of homogeneous precursors, such as Pd(OAc)(2) and PdCl2(PhCN)(2), used in [Bu4N]Br as the reaction medium. Under such conditions homogeneous systems were more selective and produced up to 60% of monoarylated products with a selectivity to 3 close to 60%.
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