Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Xiuhong Wu, Boquan Qu, Yongkang Liu, Xingxuan Ren, Shaoyan Wang, Yanling Quan
Summary: This study developed an enzyme immobilization method for the efficient biotransformation of ginsenoside Rb1, resulting in increased activity and stability. The immobilized enzyme showed higher immobilization efficiency, a wider optimal pH range, higher thermostability, and greater catalytic efficiency compared to the free enzyme.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chao Huang, Yue Feng, Gopal Patel, Xiao-qian Xu, Jun Qian, Qun Liu, Guo-yin Kai
Summary: A novel highly productive beta-glucosidase strain was isolated from Camptotheca acuminata seeds, showing 14.4-fold increase in activity compared to control. The purified and immobilized beta-glucosidase exhibited enhanced thermal stability, reusability, and substrate specificity, making it a promising alternative for cellulosic ethanol production.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Cristian Alarid-Garcia, Oscar M. Hernandez-Calderon, Erika Y. Rios-Iribe, Marcos D. Gonzalez-Llanes, Eleazar M. Escamilla-Silva
Summary: The study focused on producing high-activity beta-glucosidase at low cost using the Aspergillus niger CDBB-H-175 strain. The experiments revealed that maltose was the best substrate for enzyme activity, and uncontrolled pH conditions in an airlift bioreactor with maltose yielded the highest enzymatic activity. Additionally, orthogonal experimental design highlighted the importance of aeration and acidification of the culture medium for greater enzyme production.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shanshan Cao, Fan Yang, Fei Tian, Xiaochen Liu, Daidi Fan, Zhansheng Wu
Summary: This study presents a simple, efficient, and green method for the industrial production of the rare ginsenoside CK, through immobilization of the enzyme and achieving stability in extreme environments, resulting in high conversion rate.
PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Hongrong Zhu, Rui Zhang, Zunxi Huang, Junpei Zhou
Summary: In recent years, minor ginsenosides have gained attention for their biological activities, but they are scarce in wild ginseng. Ginsenoside Rb1, a major component, can be converted into minor ginsenosides using beta-glucosidases. This paper reviews the literature on hydrolysis of ginsenoside Rb1 by beta-glucosidases, discussing the enzymatic pathways, characteristics, and molecular mechanisms. The study concludes that beta-glucosidases from bacteria and fungi, mainly from GH1 and GH3 families, hydrolyze ginsenoside Rb1 through specific pathways, and their properties vary in terms of temperature, degradation products, and kinetics. Further research should focus on understanding the molecular mechanisms and improving the performance of beta-glucosidases for applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Aslihan Kazan, Xihua Hu, Alina Stahl, Heike Frerichs, Irina Smirnova, Ozlem Yesil-Celiktas
Summary: The study developed an alginate-based immobilized enzyme microreactor for the catalytic conversion of ginsenoside Rb1 to more bioactive metabolites, showing enhanced activity compared to conventional approaches. There is potential for the biocatalysis of multiple ginsenosides and pharmaceutically active compounds using this newly developed enzymatic microreactor.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xuan Zhang, Yifan Xie, Zhipeng Dai, Yu Liang, Chunyu Zhu, Chun Su, Leshan Song, Kepei Wang, Jiang Li, Xiying Wei
Summary: This study demonstrated the production of ginsenoside F2 through biotransformation of gypenoside using Aspergillus niger JGL8. Two different pathways, Gyp-V-Rd-F2 and Gyp-XVII-F2, were identified for the production of ginsenoside F2. The product exhibited antioxidant activity against free radicals and optimal biotransformation conditions were determined. The findings suggest that gypenoside can be used as a substitute for ginsenoside F2 biotransformation.
NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jisu Lee, Semee Kim, Ha Young Chung, Aeyeon Kang, Seunghun Kim, Heeyoun Hwang, Sung Ik Yang, Wan Soo Yun
Summary: An electrochemical immunosensor has been developed to selectively quantify the harmful fungus Aspergillus niger in indoor environments. By detecting the extracellular proteins secreted by A. niger, the sensor demonstrates high sensitivity and selectivity for the fungus.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Wenzhu Guo, Dandan Liu, Jingen Li, Wenliang Sun, Tao Sun, Xingji Wang, Kefen Wang, Qian Liu, Chaoguang Tian
Summary: The transglycosylation activity of enzymes during starch hydrolysis is a key concern in the starch-hydrolysis industry. In this study, two key alpha-glucosidases responsible for producing non-fermentable sugars were identified, and overexpression of a specific domain significantly increased glucoamylase activity while reducing transglycosylation activity and product formation. These findings have important implications for reducing costs and adding value to starch biorefinery products.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yucong Zou, Xiaofeng Li, Xuan Xin, Haixia Xu, Lan Mo, Yigang Yu, Guanglei Zhao
Summary: A new Aspergillus niger whole-cell catalyst was cultured for the hydrolysis of hesperidin to produce hesperetin-7-O-glucoside and hesperetin. The choice of inducers affected the catalytic activity and product composition of the cells. Transcriptome analysis revealed different gene expressions in response to different inducers. Several genes related to enzyme activities were identified. qRT-PCR analysis confirmed the reliability of the transcriptome sequencing results.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Thiago M. M. Da Cunha, Adriano A. A. Mendes, Daniela B. B. Hirata, Joelise A. F. Angelotti
Summary: This study aimed to find the optimal conditions for immobilizing a non-commercial beta-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger via cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). The catalytic performance of the immobilized enzyme was compared with that of the soluble enzyme in terms of pH and temperature. The results showed that the immobilized enzyme had improved stability in a wider pH and temperature range, as well as enhanced thermal stability.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Gereltuya Renchinkhand, Urgamal Magsar, Hyoung Churl Bae, Suk-Ho Choi, Myoung Soo Nam
Summary: Lentilactobacillus buchneri isolated from Korean fermented plant foods can effectively hydrolyze ginsenoside Rb1 into Rd and Rg3. The strain also exhibits higher enzymatic activities compared to other strains, which makes it suitable for the production of functional foods, beverages, cosmetics, and health products.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Farahnaz Karami, Mohammad Ghorbani, Alireza Sadeghi Mahoonak, Dareuosh Shackebaei, Reza Khodarahmi
Summary: This study investigates the effect of A. niger beta-glucosidase on grapefruit peel extract. The results show that enzyme treatment significantly enhances the extract's antioxidant activity and promotes the production of alkyl glucosides. The produced extract can be used as a natural and low-cost antioxidant for food.
JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chunlong Yan, Chunyun Hao, Wanzhu Jin, Wei-Wei Dong, Lin-Hu Quan
Summary: The research focused on the genetic and biochemical properties of the beta-glucosidase gene from Enterococcus gallinarum GM2 in rat intestinal bacteria, which effectively converts ginsenoside Rb1 into ginsenoside F2 with a conversion yield of 45%. The study elucidated the relationship between intestinal bacteria and the metabolism of ginsenoside, highlighting the key role of Bgy3 in this process.
BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Runze Li, Xiaochen Liu, Xueping Li, Duoduo Tian, Daidi Fan, Xiaoxuan Ma, Zhansheng Wu
Summary: The study focuses on the green synthesis of Zn-BTC co-immobilized snailase and beta-glucosidase, showing good stability and recyclability under extreme conditions. The biocomposite exhibits higher conversion rate and significant advantages over single enzyme immobilization, laying the foundation for industrial production of ginsenoside CK.
BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
