Journal
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
Volume 53, Issue 1, Pages 220-233Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.02.021
Keywords
Asteraceae; Dysploidy; ITS; matK; Melampodium; Phylogeny; Polyploidy; Reticulate evolution
Funding
- Austrian Science Foundation (FWF) [18201]
- Hertha-Firnberg postdoctoral fellowship [T-218]
- Austrian Academy of Sciences [2007-12]
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Chromosome evolution (including polyploidy, dysploidy, and structural changes) as well as hybridization and introgression are recognized as important aspects in plant speciation. A suitable group for investigating the evolutionary role of chromosome number changes and reticulation is the medium-sized genus Melampodium (Millerjeae, Asteraceae), which contains several chromosome base numbers (x = 9, 10, 11, 12, 14) and a number of polyploid species, including putative allopolyploids. A molecular phylogenetic analysis employing both nuclear (ITS) and plastid (matK) DNA sequences, and including all species of the genus, suggests that chromosome base numbers are predictive of evolutionary lineages within Melampodium. Dysploidy, therefore, has clearly been important during evolution of the group. Reticulate evolution is evident with allopolyploids, which prevail over autopolyploids and several of which are confirmed here for the first time, and also (but less often) on the diploid level. Within sect. Melampodium, the complex pattern of bifurcating phylogenetic structure among diploid taxa overlain by reticulate relationships from allopolyploids has non-trivial implications for intrasectional classification. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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