Article
Fisheries
Bhawna Chuphal, Umesh Rai, Brototi Roy
Summary: The expression of NOD-like receptors (NLRs) in female Channa punctata varies during different reproductive phases, with a dramatic increase during the spawning phase. The role of estradiol, the primary sex steroid in females, in the increased transcription of NLRs is diverse and depends on various factors.
AQUACULTURE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Bhawna Chuphal, Priyanka Sathoria, Umesh Rai, Brototi Roy
Summary: Sex steroids modulate immune responses, resulting in reproductive-phase dependent variation of immune parameters in seasonally breeding organisms. Androgens, the male sex steroids, are widely reported to be immunosuppressive. However, the transcriptional modulation of nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs) by androgens has not been explored. This study investigated the reproductive-phase dependent expression of NLRs in the male spotted snakehead and studied the effect of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on NLR expression.
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura E. Carreto-Binaghi, Maria Teresa Herrera, Silvia Guzman-Beltran, Esmeralda Juarez, Carmen Sarabia, Manuel G. Salgado-Cantu, Daniel Juarez-Carmona, Cristobal Guadarrama-Perez, Yolanda Gonzalez
Summary: At admission, COVID-19 patients had lower IL-8 secretion through TLR2, TLR4, and TLR7/8 receptors compared to healthy controls. After 14 days of hospitalization, there were significantly higher responses in IL-8, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma secretion through TLR2, TLR4, TLR7/8, TLR9, NOD1, NOD2, and IFN-gamma receptors. These findings suggest a possible role of these receptors in immunosuppression following hyperinflammation in COVID-19.
Article
Immunology
Ayman Youssef, Bilal Khan Mohammed, Abhishek Prasad, Angela del Aguila, Gabriel Bassi, Wei Yang, Luis Ulloa
Summary: The recent discovery of TAK981, a selective inhibitor of SUMOylation, has the potential to revolutionize immune treatments. Clinical trials have shown its efficacy in metastatic tumors and hematologic malignancies. The effects of TAK981 in sepsis are still unclear, but it has been found to improve survival in mild polymicrobial peritonitis and enhance immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Qingkun Liu, Siamak K. Sorooshyari
Summary: The article investigates the cellular dynamics of immune responses in the central nervous system and periphery post stroke, highlighting correlations between different cell types in the brain and spleen following stroke. Findings suggest a synergistic effect between infiltrated macrophages and neutrophils in the ischemic hemisphere, as well as a positive correlation between neutrophils and T cells. Furthermore, the correlation between neurological deficits and immune cells indicates that microglia and splenic adaptive immune cells are protective, while infiltrating peripheral myeloid cells exacerbate stroke outcomes. Understanding these immune responses is crucial for predicting stroke outcomes and identifying therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jiaxuan Wu, Shengya Fang, Pengfei Feng, Chunjiang Cai, Leying Zhang, Ling Yang
Summary: This study found that early pregnancy in sheep can alter the expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain receptors (NLRs) in the maternal spleen, suggesting a potential involvement of maternal splenic immune regulation.
ANIMAL REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Fuqiang Pan, Huiting Du, Weiguo Tian, Huihui Xie, Bochao Zhang, Wanzhen Fu, Yunsheng Li, Yinghui Ling, Yunhai Zhang, Fugui Fang, Ya Liu
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effects of immunocastration on the development of the immune system in rats. Rats were immunized with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and samples were collected periodically. The results showed that GnRH immunization led to increased antibody titers, reduced testosterone concentration, and changes in immune markers and cytokine levels.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Elda Dervishi, Dagnachew Hailemariam, Seyed Ali Goldansaz, Burim N. Ametaj
Summary: This study investigated the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on gene expression patterns related to insulin signaling, innate immunity, and adaptive immunity in the liver and spleen of mice. The findings suggest that prolonged exposure to endotoxemia during early life can lead to lasting changes in gene expression associated with inflammation and adaptive immunity, potentially contributing to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases in the liver and spleen. The results also indicate that chronic endotoxemia exposure in early life triggers molecular mechanisms that result in lasting alterations in gene expression, specifically related to inflammation and adaptive immunity in the liver and spleen.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Leticia Diez-Quijada, Antonio Casas-Rodriguez, Remedios Guzman-Guillen, Veronica Molina-Hernandez, Rafael G. Albaladejo, Ana Maria Camean, Angeles Jos
Summary: This study investigated the immunotoxicity of oral exposure to Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) in rats. The results showed that CYN mainly affected the immune modulation in the thymus and altered the expression of certain cytokines in the spleen. Additionally, CYN also had an impact on the serum levels of female rats.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Huanhuan Chen, Lei Zhang, Feng Yue, Chenchen Cui, Yan Li, Qingwen Zhang, Linlin Liang, Li Meng, Cuilian Zhang
Summary: In this study, a mouse model was used to investigate the effects of assisted reproductive technology (ART) on fetal development and gene expression in the organs of adult offspring. The results showed abnormal expression of genes in the heart and spleen, and identified key factors related to cardiovascular system development and immune responses. Furthermore, ART was found to affect the abnormal expression of epigenetic regulators in the heart and spleen.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Aru Su, Yanting Zhou, Yujie Guo, Xiuling Yang, Yanhua Zhang, Wenting Li, Yadong Tian, Kui Li, Guirong Sun, Ruirui Jiang, Ruili Han, Xiangtao Kang, Fengbin Yan
Summary: This study used a CORT-induced stress model to investigate the dynamic miRNA transcriptome, target genes, and pathways in chicken spleen. A total of 71 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified, with 9 being significantly differentially expressed miRNAs. GO annotation and KEGG pathway analysis revealed 37 stress- or immune-related GO terms and 8 stress- or immunity-related KEGG pathways.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Avis Chan, Jaynelle Gao, Madison Houston, Theresa Willett, Bahare Farhadian, Melissa Silverman, Paula Tran, Safwan Jaradeh, Margo Thienemann, Jennifer Frankovich
Summary: This study describes a high prevalence of POTS in patients with PANS, compared to the general population, and supports an association between POTS presentation and PANS flare within our cohort.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Francesca Vacca, Ana S. Gomes, Koji Murashita, Raffella Cinquetti, Cristina Roseti, Amilcare Barca, Ivar Ronnestad, Tiziano Verri, Elena Bossi
Summary: Two slc15a2-type genes were identified in the Atlantic salmon genome, encoding PepT2-type peptide transporters. While slc15a2a transcripts are widely distributed in fish tissues, abundant in the brain and gills, slc15a2b transcripts are mainly expressed in the kidney and distal gastrointestinal tract. Both PepT2a and PepT2b function as high-affinity transporters.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Caihong Wang, Chu Chu, Xiang Ji, Guoliang Luo, Chunling Xu, Houhong He, Jianbiao Yao, Jian Wu, Jiangning Hu, Yuanxiang Jin
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structure, function, and regulation of PepT2 in mammals. The essential roles of PepT2 in the kidney and brain, as well as its medical and pharmacological significance in the absorption and disposal of peptide-like drugs, are discussed. Understanding PepT2 is of emerging interest in nutrition, medical, and pharmacological research.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Chao Liu, Wen-jie Ding, Yao Huo, An-jun Liu
Summary: This study isolated bioactive peptides from pig spleens and found that they exhibit immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities. These findings provide theoretical and data support for the use of bioactive peptides derived from meat by-products as functional foods.