Insulin in the Brain: Sources, Localization and Functions

Intranasal Insulin Administration Dose-Dependently Modulates Verbal Memory and Plasma Amyloid-β in Memory-Impaired Older Adults

(2017) Mark A. Reger et al.   JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

Intranasal Insulin Therapy for Alzheimer Disease and Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

(2011) Suzanne Craft   ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY

The role of shear stress in Blood-Brain Barrier endothelial physiology

(2011) Luca Cucullo et al.   BMC NEUROSCIENCE

IRS-2 Deficiency Impairs NMDA Receptor-Dependent Long-term Potentiation

(2011) Eduardo D. Martín et al.   CEREBRAL CORTEX

No Effect of Single-Dose Intranasal Insulin Treatment on Verbal Memory and Sustained Attention in Patients With Schizophrenia

(2011) Xiaoduo Fan et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY

Insulin-induced neurite-like process outgrowth: Acceleration of tau protein synthesis via a phosphoinositide 3-kinase∼mammalian target of rapamycin pathway

(2011) Takayuki Nemoto et al.   NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL

Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway regulates neurite outgrowth in cerebellar granule neurons stimulated by methylcobalamin

(2011) Kiyoshi Okada et al.   NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS

Apolipoprotein E reduces food intake via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the hypothalamus

(2011) Ling Shen et al.   PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR

Insulin Promotes Glycogen Storage and Cell Proliferation in Primary Human Astrocytes

(2011) Martin Heni et al.   PLoS One

Disinhibition-Mediated LTP in the Hippocampus is Synapse Specific

(2011) Jake Ormond et al.   Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

The neuroendocrine basis of lactation-induced suppression of GnRH: Role of kisspeptin and leptin

(2010) M. Susan Smith et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH

Docking proteins

(2010) Tilman Brummer et al.   FEBS Journal

Insulin Promotes Survival of Amyloid-Beta Oligomers Neuroblastoma Damaged Cells via Caspase 9 Inhibition and Hsp70 Upregulation

(2010) M. Di Carlo et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

Comparable Sensitivity of Postmenopausal and Young Women to the Effects of Intranasal Insulin on Food Intake and Working Memory

(2010) Rosemarie Krug et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Insulin Signaling Plays a Dual Role in Caenorhabditis elegans Memory Acquisition and Memory Retrieval

(2010) C. H. A. Lin et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Hippocampal memory processes are modulated by insulin and high-fat-induced insulin resistance

(2010) Ewan C. McNay et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY

Insulin facilitates repetitive spike firing in rat insular cortex via phosphoinositide 3-kinase but not mitogen activated protein kinase cascade

(2010) H. Takei et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

Long-Term Potentiation in the CA1 Hippocampus Induced by NR2A Subunit-Containing NMDA Glutamate Receptors Is Mediated by Ras-GRF2/Erk Map Kinase Signaling

(2010) Shan-xue Jin et al.   PLoS One

Insulin withdrawal-induced cell death in adult hippocampal neural stem cells as a model of autophagic cell death

(2009) Seung-Hoon Baek et al.   Autophagy

Intracerebroventricular insulin improves spatial learning and memory in male Wistar rats.

(2009) V. Haj-ali et al.   BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE

Stem cell factor protects against neuronal apoptosis by activating AKT/ERK in diabetic mice

(2009) J.-W. Li et al.   BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH

Specification of Neuronal Polarity Regulated by Local Translation of CRMP2 and Tau via the mTOR-p70S6K Pathway

(2009) Tsuyoshi Morita et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Insulin/PI3K signaling protects dentate neurons from oxygen–glucose deprivation in organotypic slice cultures

(2009) Xiaolu Sun et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

In vivo electrophysiological effects of insulin in the rat brain

(2009) Peter Kovacs et al.   NEUROPEPTIDES

Hypothalamic pathways linking energy balance and reproduction

(2008) Jennifer W. Hill et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM

Analgesic, learning and memory and anxiolytic effects of insulin in mice

(2008) Moses A. Akanmu et al.   BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH

Regulation of brain insulin mRNA by glucose and glucagon-like peptide 1

(2008) Golnaz Madadi et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Insulin neuroprotection against oxidative stress is mediated by Akt and GSK-3β signaling pathways and changes in protein expression

(2008) Ana I. Duarte et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH

Evaluation of Insulin and Ascorbic Acid Effects on Expression of Bcl-2 Family Proteins and Caspase-3 Activity in Hippocampus of STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats

(2008) Iraj Jafari Anarkooli et al.   CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY

Insulin Reduces Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in the Hippocampus of Diabetic Rats: A Role for Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 

(2008) M. Collino et al.   DIABETES

Brain insulin, energy and glucose homeostasis; genes, environment and metabolic pathologies

(2008) Kyriaki Gerozissis   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Differential Sensitivity of Men and Women to Anorexigenic and Memory-Improving Effects of Intranasal Insulin

(2008) Christian Benedict et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Hypoinsulinemia Alleviates the Grf1/Ras/Akt Anti-Apoptotic Pathway and Induces Alterations of Mitochondrial Ras Trafficking in Neuronal Cells

(2008) E. Zhuravliova et al.   NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH

The Role of PI3/Akt Pathway in the Protective Effect of Insulin against Corticosterone Cell Death Induction in Hippocampal Cell Culture

(2008) Maryam Moosavi et al.   NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY

Insulin Receptor Signaling Regulates Synapse Number, Dendritic Plasticity, and Circuit Function In Vivo

(2008) Shu-Ling Chiu et al.   NEURON

A novel, rapid, inhibitory effect of insulin on α1β2γ2s γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors

(2008) Daniel B. Williams   NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS

Involvement of nitric oxide in insulin induced memory improvement

(2008) S. Choopani et al.   PEPTIDES

KiSS-1/kisspeptins and the metabolic control of reproduction: Physiologic roles and putative physiopathological implications

(2008) J.M. Castellano et al.   PEPTIDES

Autophagic Death of Adult Hippocampal Neural Stem Cells Following Insulin Withdrawal

(2008) Seong-Woon Yu et al.   STEM CELLS

Insulin rescues amyloid β-induced impairment of hippocampal long-term potentiation

(2007) Cheng-Che Lee et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING