Article
Immunology
Zhansong Lin, Arman A. Bashirova, Mathias Viard, Lee Garner, Max Quastel, Maya Beiersdorfer, Wojciech K. Kasprzak, Marjan Akdag, Yuko Yuki, Pedro Ojeda, Sudipto Das, Thorkell Andresson, Vivek Naranbhai, Amir Horowitz, Andrew J. McMichael, Angelique Hoelzemer, Geraldine M. Gillespie, Wilfredo F. Garcia-Beltran, Mary Carrington
Summary: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-E binds epitopes derived from HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C and HLA-G signal peptides (SPs) and serves as a ligand for CD94/NKG2A and CD94/NKG2C receptors. Carrington and colleagues provide comprehensive analysis of classical HLA class I SP variants and show that these can determine CD94/NKG2-HLA-E engagement. The systematic, quantitative approach described herein will facilitate development of prediction algorithms for accurately measuring the impact of CD94/NKG2-HLA-E interactions in disease resistance/susceptibility.
Review
Oncology
Lea Dubreuil, Patrice Chevallier, Christelle Retiere, Katia Gagne
Summary: Immunotherapies show promise in treating acute leukemias, with NK cells playing a crucial role in eliminating leukemic cells. Understanding the impact of genetic markers like KIR and HLA on NK cell subsets can improve patient outcomes. Investigating the immunogenetics of KIR/HLA and the immunobiology of NK cells may lead to improved treatments for leukemic patients undergoing HSCT.
Review
Allergy
Nicholas R. Pollock, Genelle F. Harrison, Paul J. Norman
Summary: Interactions between killer cell immunoglobin-like receptors (KIR) and human leukocyte antigens (HLA) class I play crucial roles in regulating the effector functions of key cytotoxic cells in innate and adaptive immunity. The extreme diversity of this interaction is genetically determined and has evolved in response to the ever-changing environment of pathogen exposure. The independent segregation of KIR and HLA genes on separate chromosomes further contributes to the diversity. Specific combinations of inherited receptors and ligands may predispose individuals to certain immune-mediated diseases, including autoimmunity. The combinatorial diversity of KIR and HLA class I also affects the success rates of immunotherapy for these diseases. Detailed characterization of the extent and consequences of the combinatorial diversity is helping in understanding the etiopathology and predicting response to therapy.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Isabel Legaz, Jose Miguel Bolarin, Jose Antonio Campillo, Maria R. Moya-Quiles, Manuel Miras, Manuel Muro, Alfredo Minguela, Maria R. Alvarez-Lopez
Summary: This study reveals that the combination of activating killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes and European human leukocyte antigen 2 (HLA-C2) genotypes in recipients is associated with chronic liver rejection (CR). The presence of inhibitory KIR genes significantly increases the incidence of chronic rejection. In addition, KIR2DL3 and the absence of donor HLA-C2 ligand also have an impact on chronic rejection. These findings have important clinical implications for understanding the mechanism of chronic liver rejection and improving treatment options.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fadwa Albalawi, Fadwa M. Alkhulaifi, Jameel Al-Tamimi, Lamjed Mansour, Yusra Tashkandy, Suliman Yousef Alomar
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the association of 16 KIR complexes and HLA-C1 and C2 ligands with the genetic predisposition and development of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (AML) in Saudi Arabian patients. The results showed significant differences in KIR genotype frequency between AML patients and healthy controls. KIR2DL1, KIR2DL5, and KIR2DS2 were significantly increased in patients, while KIR 2DL3, KIR2DS4, and KIR2DL2 were elevated in healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Galen F. Gao, Dajiang Liu, Xiaowei Zhan, Bo Li
Summary: In this study, a method for identifying KIR allele variants from whole exome sequencing data was developed. The researchers discovered novel associations between these variants and various molecular and clinical correlates.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marjan Hematian Larki, Elham Ashouri, Shaghik Barani, Seiyed Mohammad Ali Ghayumi, Abbas Ghaderi, Raja Rajalingam
Summary: The study reveals the association between KIR and HLA class I ligands with genetic predisposition to lung cancer in the native population of southern Iran. Specific KIR genes and HLA-C1 ligands show significant increase in patients with lung cancer, certain genotypes are positively correlated with disease risk, and iKIRs > aKIRs genotypes are more frequently presented in lung cancer patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sudan Tao, Katherine M. Kichula, Genelle F. Harrison, Ticiana Della Justina Farias, William H. Palmer, Laura Ann Leaton, Che Ghazali Norul Hajar, Zulkafli Zefarina, Hisham Atan Edinur, Faming Zhu, Paul J. Norman
Summary: The study reveals significant allelic and structural diversity of KIR and HLA class I in Malay and Malaysian Chinese populations, highlighting unique historical and genetic characteristics of both groups.
Article
Immunology
Chao Shen, Zhijun Ge, Chen Dong, Chunhui Wang, Jianguo Shao, Weihua Cai, Peng Huang, Haozhi Fan, Jun Li, Yun Zhang, Ming Yue
Summary: The study revealed that KIR2DS4/KIR2DS1/KIR2DL1 rs35440472-A and HLA-C rs1130838-A variants are associated with increased susceptibility to HCV infection in a high-risk Chinese population.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Arthur A. A. Cross-Najafi, Kristine Farag, Abdulkadir Isidan, Wei Li, Wenjun Zhang, Zhansong Lin, Julia R. R. Walsh, Kevin Lopez, Yujin Park, Nancy G. G. Higgins, David K. C. Cooper, Burcin Ekser, Ping Li
Summary: Natural killer (NK) cells play a key role in immune rejection in solid organ transplantation. In this study, the expression of inhibitory ligands (HLA-E and HLA-G) on genetically modified porcine endothelial cells was found to significantly reduce NK cell activation and improve xenograft survival. Co-expression of HLA-E and HLA-G on pig cells provided superior inhibition compared to individual expression, leading to decreased human NK cell activation. This in vitro study demonstrates the potential of genetic engineering of pigs to prevent human NK cell-mediated rejection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Takeji Umemura, Satoru Joshita, Hiromi Saito, Shun-ichi Wakabayashi, Hiroyuki Kobayashi, Yuki Yamashita, Ayumi Sugiura, Tomoo Yamazaki, Masao Ota
Summary: Natural killer cells, mediated through KIR-HLA interactions, play a role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. In patients with hepatitis C virus-associated cirrhosis, the presence of HLA-Bw4 and the KIR3DL1 + HLA-Bw4 pair was significantly associated with HCC onset, suggesting a potential risk factor for HCC development in HCV cirrhosis.
Article
Virology
Zepei Feng, Peng Huang, Jinwei Zhang, Xueshan Xia, A-mei Zhang, Tian Zeng, Qiong Chen, Chuanlong Zhu, Weilong Tan, Yun Zhang, Ming Yue
Summary: The genetic variants of KIR2DL4 and HLA-G are associated with susceptibility to hepatitis C virus infection.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Adi Nagler, Shelly Kalaora, Chaya Barbolin, Anastasia Gangaev, Steven L. C. Ketelaars, Michal Alon, Joy Pai, Gil Benedek, Yfat Yahalom-Ronen, Noam Erez, Polina Greenberg, Gal Yagel, Aviyah Peri, Yishai Levin, Ansuman T. Satpathy, Erez Bar-Haim, Nir Paran, Pia Kvistborg, Yardena Samuels
Summary: This study identified SARS-CoV-2-derived peptides presented by HLA-I and HLA-II molecules, some of which are immunogenic, potentially aiding in the development of next-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Maira Cardozo, Amanda Vansan Marangon, Fernando Guimaraes, Silvia Marques, Sofia Lieber, Marcia Delamain, Francisco Aranha, Jeane Eliete Laguila Visentainer, Carmino Antonio de Souza
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the distribution of KIR genes and HLA ligands in a population from Campinas, southeastern Brazil (n = 292), and compare their results with other populations. The distribution of KIR genes in the Brazilian population is similar to Caucasian European and Euro-descendant populations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhihui Deng, Jianxin Zhen, Genelle F. Harrison, Guobin Zhang, Rui Chen, Ge Sun, Qiong Yu, Neda Nemat-Gorgani, Lisbeth A. Guethlein, Liumei He, Mingzhong Tang, Xiaojiang Gao, Siqi Cai, William H. Palmer, Jonathan A. Shortt, Christopher R. Gignoux, Mary Carrington, Hongyan Zou, Peter Parham, Wenxu Hong, Paul J. Norman
Summary: The Chinese Southern Han population exhibits a significant enrichment for interactions between inhibitory KIR and HLA-A and -B, which has been influenced by population admixture with neighboring populations. Over 80% of Southern Han HLA haplotypes encode more than one KIR ligand, enhancing NK cell repertoires in quantity, diversity, and effector strength, potentially increasing resistance to endemic viral infections.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Fiorenza Ferrari, Miriam Manera, Gianluca Villa, Annalisa De Silvestri, Nicholas Simone Manuel Bianchi Bosisio, Angelo Guglielmi, Giovanni Mazza, Costanza Colombo, Luigi D'Auria, Rampino Teresa, Mirko Belliato
Summary: We analyzed the interaction between continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) machine and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) machine, and found that our configuration of connecting the CRRT machine to the ECMO machine was safe and effective.
Review
Acoustics
Libertario Demi, Frank Wolfram, Catherine Klersy, Annalisa De Silvestri, Virginia Valeria Ferretti, Marie Muller, Douglas Miller, Francesco Feletti, Marcin Welnicki, Natalia Buda, Agnieszka Skoczylas, Andrzej Pomiecko, Domagoj Damjanovic, Robert Olszewski, Andrew W. Kirkpatrick, Raoul Breitkreutz, Gebhart Mathis, Gino Soldati, Andrea Smargiassi, Riccardo Inchingolo, Tiziano Perrone
Summary: A multidisciplinary panel of international LUS experts reviewed and updated the international consensus for point-of-care LUS, resulting in 20 statements with guidelines and future development proposals in the areas of technical, clinical, educational, and safety aspects.
JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Richard G. G. Barr, Angelo Cestone, Cynthia Peterson, Annalisa De Silvestri
Summary: The purpose of this study was to determine the natural history and necessity of long-term follow-up for renal masses that do not show enhancement on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). The results of the study showed that all renal masses without enhancement on CEUS can be classified as benign.
JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Savina Mannarino, Sara Santacesaria, Irene Raso, Massimo Garbin, Andreana Pipolo, Silvia Ghiglia, Gabriele Tarallo, Annalisa De Silvestri, Matteo Vandoni, Daniela Lucini, Vittoria Carnevale Pellino, Giuseppina Bernardelli, Alessandro Gatti, Virginia Rossi, Valeria Calcaterra, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of a 12-week online supervised training program on cardiac morphology, function, and blood pressure in children with obesity. The training program resulted in significant reductions in blood pressure parameters and detected changes in cardiac morphology. Physical activity plays a decisive role in improving blood pressure control and left ventricle systolic function, representing a strategic approach to limit cardiovascular risk.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
M. De Amici, F. Barocci, C. E. Barzaghi, L. Sacchi, A. De Silvestri, A. Licari, S. Caimmi, A. Marseglia, G. Testa, C. Torre, G. L. Marseglia
Summary: Allergy to natural rubber latex is a prevalent issue in professional groups and the general population, with residual latex proteins being the main cause. The cross-reactivity between latex proteins and food allergens is a major concern. Purified allergens are helpful in patient management and determining specific profiles.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Patrizia Suppressa, Eugenia Maiorano, Eleonora Gaetani, Elina Matti, Gennaro Mariano Lenato, Ilaria Serio, Maristella Salvatora Masala, Giulio Cesare Passali, Maria Aguglia, Claudia Crocione, Pietro Luigi Lopalco, Francesca Caneschi, Valeria Musella, Annalisa De Silvestri, Giulia Gambini, Giuseppe Spinozzi, Carlo Sabba, Fabio Pagella
Summary: A study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, outcomes, and impact of COVID-19 in patients with a rare disease, such as Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT), in the Italian population. The study found that out of 605 survey responses, 107 cases of COVID-19 were reported. Most patients had a mild course of the disease, with only eight cases requiring hospitalization and no fatal outcomes. There was no significant difference in infection risk and outcomes between HHT patients and the general population, and COVID-19 did not significantly affect HHT-related bleeding.
INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
V. Calcaterra, A. Gazzarri, A. De Silvestri, C. Madia, P. Baldassarre, V. Rossi, V. Garella, G. Zuccotti
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in pediatric patients with Down Syndrome (DS), and to examine the relationship between metabolic parameters, thyroid hormones (THs), and sensitivity to thyroid hormone indices (STHI). The results showed that DS patients had higher levels of FT3, FT4, and TSH compared to the control group. There was a significant correlation between THs, STHI, and glucose and lipid metabolism parameters, supporting their role in metabolic alterations related to DS.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Allergy
Amelia Licari, Paola Magri, Annalisa De Silvestri, Arianna Giannetti, Cristiana Indolfi, Francesca Mori, Gian Luigi Marseglia, Diego Peroni
Summary: This article systematically reviewed the epidemiology of allergic rhinitis in the pediatric population over the past 10 years, revealing a significant increasing trend in the overall prevalence of diagnosed allergic rhinitis. Further investigations are needed to explore the incidence, comorbidities, diagnosis, and treatment, in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the disease and its burden and management.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Pietro Randelli, Riccardo Compagnoni, Paolo Ferrua, Martina Ricci, Luca La Verde, Ahmed Farid Mekky, Annalisa De Silvestri, Alessandra Menon
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of subchondroplasty (SCP) in patients with symptomatic knee bone marrow lesions (BMLs). The results showed that more than half of the patients achieved a reduction in pain after SCP, and functional scores also improved. However, a small number of patients required knee replacement due to worsening symptoms or osteoarthritis progression.
ORTHOPAEDIC JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Hematology
Oscar Borsani, Virginia V. Ferretti, Ilaria C. Casetti, Daniele Vanni, Chiara Trotti, Daniela Pietra, Annalisa De Silvestri, Luca Arcaini, Elisa Rumi
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE IN THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Daniela Girardi, Alba Muzzi, Viola Novelli, Antonio Di Sabatino, Carlo Marena, Marco Rissone, Anna Odone, Catherine Klersy, Annalisa De Silvestri, Federico De Grazia, Patrizia Cambieri
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Martina Volonte, Alessia Claudia Codazzi, Shay Davidovich, Antonia Apicella, Eugenio Isoletta, Stefania Barruscotti, Margherita Massa, Annalisa De Silvestri, Gian Luigi Marseglia, Valeria Brazzelli
Summary: This retrospective observational study evaluated the efficacy of oral propranolol in 44 patients with infantile hemangiomas. The study found that 90.7% of cases achieved complete remission with a mean improvement in severity of 94.94%. Propranolol showed high efficacy in terms of safety profile and cosmetic results. Prematurity and precocious therapy may be associated with a better response.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Giovanni Santacroce, Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Giulia Maria Abruzzese, Giacomo Alunno, Francesco Di Terlizzi, Carmine Frenna, Antonella Gentile, Mario Andrea Latorre, Clarissa Petrucci, Damiano Ruggeri, Simone Soriano, Nicola Aronico, Carlo Maria Rossi, Annalisa De Silvestri, Gino Roberto Corazza, Antonio Di Sabatino
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic delay and risk factors of symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD). The study found that 25% of patients were misdiagnosed as having irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and previous misdiagnosis was a significant risk factor for overall and physician-dependant diagnostic delay. A high educational level was associated with a longer overall diagnostic delay, while previous abdominal surgery was associated with reduced physician-dependant diagnostic delay.
INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Silvia Pisani, Valeria Mauri, Erika Negrello, Simone Mauramati, Gianluca Alaimo, Ferdinando Auricchio, Marco Benazzo, Rossella Dorati, Ida Genta, Bice Conti, Virginia Valeria Ferretti, Annalisa De Silvestri, Andrea Pietrabissa, Stefania Marconi
Summary: The problem of organ shortage for transplantation has led to the exploration of different manufacturing techniques for producing bioartificial scaffolds. Hybrid scaffolds made from poly-L-lactide-co-caprolactone (PLA-PCL) copolymer exhibited excellent properties in terms of cell viability and adhesion, as well as comparable mechanical properties to soft tissues.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gemma Caterina Maria Rossi, Giovanni Milano, Annalisa De Silvestri, Lorenzo Savini, Chiara Bosi, Giulia Gambini, Paolo Rama
Summary: This study evaluated the correlation between visual field index (VFI) and quality of life (QoL) in glaucoma patients while considering various confounding variables. The results showed that a higher VFI had a positive impact on both NEI-VFQ 25 and GSS questionnaire scores, indicating better quality of life.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
