Journal
MOLECULAR IMAGING AND BIOLOGY
Volume 17, Issue 3, Pages 413-423Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11307-014-0799-z
Keywords
Fluorescence-guided; Near-infrared fluorescence; Optical imaging; Artemis; Camera; Surgery
Funding
- MUSIS project [03O-202]
- MAMMOTH project [030-201]
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Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging can provide the surgeon with real-time visualization of, e.g., tumor margins and lymph nodes. We describe and evaluate the Artemis, a novel, handheld NIR fluorescence camera. We evaluated minimal detectable cell numbers (FaDu-luc2, 7D12-IRDye 800CW), preclinical intraoperative detection of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) using indocyanine green (ICG), and of orthotopic tongue tumors using 7D12-800CW. Results were compared with the Pearl imager. Clinically, three patients with liver metastases were imaged using ICG. Minimum detectable cell counts for Artemis and Pearl were 2 x 10(5) and 4 x 10(4) cells, respectively. In vivo, seven SLNs were detected in four mice with both cameras. Orthotopic OSC-19-luc2-cGFP tongue tumors were clearly identifiable, and a minimum FaDu-luc2 tumor size of 1 mm(3) could be identified. Six human malignant lesions were identified during three liver surgery procedures. Based on this study, the Artemis system has demonstrated its utility in fluorescence-guided cancer surgery.
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