Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weibei Sheng, Qichang Wang, Haotian Qin, Siyang Cao, Yihao Wei, Jian Weng, Fei Yu, Hui Zeng
Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that is exacerbated by population aging, resulting in a significant economic burden. Current therapies are inadequate, but research on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) shows promise in slowing OA progression. PPARs have emerged as potential targets for effective OA treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mohammad Zarei, David Aguilar-Recarte, Xavier Palomer, Manuel Vazquez-Carrera
Summary: NAFLD is a chronic liver disease characterized by lipid deposits in hepatocytes, with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) beta/delta playing a crucial role in controlling liver carbohydrate and lipid metabolism to potentially hinder NAFLD progression. Activation of hepatic PPAR beta/delta through synthetic or natural ligands shows promise as a therapeutic option for managing NAFLD.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Henrique Souza-Tavares, Carolline Santos Miranda, Isabela Macedo Lopes Vasques-Monteiro, Cristian Sandoval, Daiana Araujo Santana-Oliveira, Flavia Maria Silva-Veiga, Aline Fernandes-da-Silva, Vanessa Souza-Mello
Summary: The intersection of obesity and COVID-19 has become a global concern. Obesity rates have tripled since 1975, leading to significant health costs. Adipose tissue plays a crucial role in obesity-related impairments, leading to insulin resistance and inflammation. Obesity affects the pancreas, increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes, and the liver, leading to hepatic steatosis. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) activation shows potential in managing these metabolic diseases by alleviating insulin resistance and promoting fat oxidation.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Mohamed Zaiou
Summary: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR gamma), primarily expressed in the liver and adipose tissue, plays an important role in the transcription of multiple genes. Its involvement in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been shown in preclinical and clinical studies, and clinical trials are currently exploring the therapeutic effects of PPAR gamma agonists. Recent advances in high-throughput biology and genome sequencing have identified epigenetic modifiers as key factors in regulating PPAR gamma in NAFLD. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the relationship between PPAR gamma and these modifiers remain largely unknown. This paper reviews the crosstalk between PPAR gamma and epigenetic regulators in NAFLD and suggests that further advancements in this field may lead to noninvasive diagnostics and treatment strategies for NAFLD based on PPAR gamma epigenetic modifications.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jianjun Gao, Zhaoyan Gu
Summary: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a type of ligand-activated transcription factor, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of kidney disease and could serve as potential therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lin Peng, Huixia Yang, Yao Ye, Zhi Ma, Christina Kuhn, Martina Rahmeh, Sven Mahner, Antonis Makrigiannakis, Udo Jeschke, Viktoria von Schonfeldt
Summary: PPARs play vital roles in pregnancy, and dysfunctions of PPARs may lead to various related pregnancy diseases such as recurrent miscarriage and preeclampsia. This review discusses the impact of regulating PPARs on trophoblast physiological conditions and explores the underlying mechanisms of PPARs in controlling pregnancy-related processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jung Seok Hwang, Eunsu Kim, Hyuk Gyoon Lee, Won Jin Lee, Jun Pil Won, Jinwoo Hur, Junichi Fujii, Han Geuk Seo
Summary: The study shows that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPAR delta) inhibits ferroptosis in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) derived from cysteine/glutamate transporter (xCT)-knockout mice by regulating catalase expression. The effects associated with PPAR delta are counteracted in the presence of a specific inhibitor of catalase, indicating the importance of catalase for the effect of PPAR delta on ferroptosis triggered by xCT deficiency.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuliana Muzio, Giuseppina Barrera, Stefania Pizzimenti
Summary: PPARs, belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, play important roles in regulating lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms, as well as various cell functions and physiological processes. Their ability to modulate antioxidant genes expression and inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators synthesis makes them key regulators in cellular response against oxidative stress.
Article
Ophthalmology
Paulina Escandon, Brenda Vasini, Amy E. Whelchel, Sarah E. Nicholas, H. Greg Matlock, Jian-Xing Ma, Dimitrios Karamichos
Summary: PPARs are a family of nuclear receptors that play essential roles in modulating cell differentiation, inflammation, and metabolism, and have been linked to various eye diseases. Studies have shown different subtypes of PPARs have varying effects on ocular homeostasis and potential therapeutic implications for eye diseases, highlighting the need for further research on their role in ocular pathologies.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberta Facchinetti, Marta Valenza, Chiara Gomiero, Giulia Federica Mancini, Luca Steardo, Patrizia Campolongo, Caterina Scuderi
Summary: This study investigates the effects of Aβ(1-42) toxicity on the maturation of astrocyte/oligodendrocyte co-cultured precursor cells and the potential beneficial effects of the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective compound co-ultra PEALut. The results show that Aβ(1-42) induces astrocyte reactivity and inflammation, leading to reduced levels of growth factors important for OPCs maturation. Co-ultra PEALut counteracts these negative effects and preserves the morphology of co-cultured oligodendrocytes through mechanisms involving PPAR-α.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Namrata Singh, G. R. Sherin, Govindasamy Mugesh
Summary: Nanozymes, nanomaterials with enzyme-mimicking activity, have attracted significant interest in biomedical applications, particularly in oxidative stress-mediated disorders. The challenge lies in designing nanozymes that can selectively differentiate between physiological oxidative stress and pathological oxidative stress and mediate appropriate redox reactions in cells, tissues, and organs. This review summarizes the advancements in redox-active nanozymes and their therapeutic significance in various disease models, such as cancer, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular diseases. It also discusses the future prospects and challenges associated with the biomedical applications of nanozymes.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bianca Seminotti, Mateus Grings, Jerry Vockley, Guilhian Leipnitz
Summary: Inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) are genetic disorders that disrupt specific metabolic pathways, leading to biochemical, clinical, and pathophysiological consequences. Secondary mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly oxidative phosphorylation impairment and elevated reactive oxygen species, has been found to play a crucial role in many of these disorders. Peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a group of nuclear hormone receptors, regulate various cellular functions and processes, including oxidative stress response, inflammation, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Activation of PPARs has shown to improve oxidative phosphorylation and reduce reactive species levels, making pharmacological treatment with PPAR activators a promising approach for IMDs. This review summarizes preclinical and clinical data on the effects of PPARs in IMDs.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nikita Martens, Na Zhan, Gardi Voortman, Frank P. J. Leijten, Connor van Rheenen, Suzanne van Leerdam, Xicheng Geng, Michiel Huybrechts, Hongbing Liu, Johan W. W. Jonker, Folkert Kuipers, Dieter Lutjohann, Tim Vanmierlo, Monique T. T. Mulder
Summary: The nuclear liver X receptors (LXRα/β) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα/γ) play a role in regulating lipid metabolism and inflammation. The activation of these receptors has neuroprotective effects and may be a potential treatment for neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The brown seaweed Sargassum fusiforme contains compounds that activate these receptors and have been shown to prevent disease progression in a mouse model of AD.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shi Fang, M. Christine Livergood, Pablo Nakagawa, Jing Wu, Curt D. Sigmund
Summary: This review focuses on the mechanisms by which nuclear receptors mediate transcriptional responses, with a specific emphasis on the role of PPARγ in regulating blood pressure. Genetic and clinical trial data demonstrate the importance of PPARγ in hypertension, and the tissue- and cell-specific molecular mechanisms by which PPARs modulate blood pressure and related phenotypes are detailed. The role of placental PPARs in preeclampsia is also discussed, along with future research directions and implications for novel therapies.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Falin He, Qiang Liu, Mingyang Jing, Jingqiang Wan, Chengqian Huo, Wansong Zong, Jingchun Tang, Rutao Liu
Summary: Phenanthrene (PHE) is a significant organic compound found widely in soil, which can induce oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in earthworm coelomocytes at high concentrations. The interaction between PHE and antioxidant enzymes SOD/CAT plays a role in these toxic effects.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Mayumi Idei, Masaaki Abe, Mototsugu Tanaka, Junichiro Nakata, Miwa Isshiki, Okio Hino, Takashi Miida
Summary: This study found that analyzing the concentration of N-ERC in peritoneal effluent can predict increased peritoneal permeability in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
THERAPEUTIC APHERESIS AND DIALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Satoshi Oshiro, Yoko Tabe, Keiji Funatogawa, Kaori Saito, Tatsuya Tada, Naeko Mizutani, Makoto Akiwa, Jun-ichiro Sekiguchi, Takashi Miida, Teruo Kirikae
Summary: An immunochromatographic kit capable of detecting both SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses has been developed, with high sensitivity and specificity.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Kotoko Yamatani, Tomohiko Ai, Kaori Saito, Koya Suzuki, Atsushi Hori, Sonoko Kinjo, Kazuho Ikeo, Vivian Ruvolo, Weiguo Zhang, Po Yee Mak, Bogumil Kaczkowski, Hironori Harada, Kazuhiro Katayama, Yoshikazu Sugimoto, Jered Myslinski, Takashi Hato, Takashi Miida, Marina Konopleva, Yoshihide Hayashizaki, Bing Z. Carter, Yoko Tabe, Michael Andreeff
Summary: BCL2A1 was found to be overexpressed in FLT3-ITD/D835 mutated AML cells, leading to resistance to TKIs. By inhibiting STAT5, type I TKI gilteritinib alleviated TKI resistance of FLT3-ITD/D835. The combination of gilteritinib and venetoclax showed synergistic effects in FLT3-ITD/D835 positive AML cells. BCL2A1 may be a potential novel therapeutic target in treating FLT3-ITD/D835 mutated AML.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Akane Takamatsu, Satoshi Oshiro, Naeko Mizutani, Tatsuya Tada, Yoko Tabe, Takashi Miida, Teruo Kirikae, Yasuaki Tagashira
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between immunoglobulin levels and COVID-19 severity. The results showed significant differences in antibody levels between patients with mild and severe symptoms, indicating that the level of specific antibodies might be useful for predicting disease prognosis and determining appropriate treatment.
Article
Immunology
Naoyuki Fukuda, Betty Balikagala, Tsuyoshi Ueno, Denis A. Anywar, Eisaku Kimura, Nirianne Marie Q. Palacpac, Emmanuel Odongo-Aginya, Martin Ogwang, Toshihiro Horii, Takashi Miida, Toshihiro Mita
Summary: The study found that mature Plasmodium falciparum parasites are rarely found in the peripheral blood because they are sequestered and attached to the endothelium. Intensive sequestration is associated with a delay in parasite clearance after artemisinin-based treatment. Sequestration plays an important role in the efficacy of artemisinin treatment for malaria.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Takashi Miida
JOURNAL OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND THROMBOSIS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mark Castleberry, Chase A. Raby, Anca Ifrim, Yasuhiro Shibata, Sachi Matsushita, Shinya Ugawa, Yutaka Miura, Atsushi Hori, Takashi Miida, MacRae F. Linton, Danielle L. Michell, Maki Tsujita, Kasey C. Vickers
Summary: HDL serves as dynamic transporters of various molecular cargo and plays important roles in lipid metabolism and inflammation. This study overcomes technical barriers and sheds light on the pathways involved in HDL-mediated bidirectional transport of sRNAs between immune cells. By utilizing a lipid-penetrating RNA-specific fluorescence dye, the absolute concentration of HDL-transported sRNAs is quantified, and HDL-mediated intercellular RNA transport between immune cells is characterized.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maika Takahashi, Kaori Saito, Tomohiko Ai, Shuko Nojiri, Abdullah Khasawneh, Faith Jessica Paran, Yuki Horiuchi, Satomi Takei, Takamasa Yamamoto, Mitsuru Wakita, Makoto Hiki, Takashi Miida, Toshio Naito, Kazuhisa Takahashi, Yoko Tabe
Summary: Despite global COVID-19 vaccination campaigns, the pandemic remains a significant medical and social problem. The Ortho VITROS SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific quantitative IgG assay has been developed to assess neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies. This study evaluated the clinical performance of VITROS S-IgG in Japan and found a good correlation with the surrogate virus neutralizing antibody test. The results suggest that VITROS S-IgG can be a useful diagnostic tool for assessing immune responses to vaccination and herd immunity, but careful analysis is necessary to interpret the results.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Junko Watanabe, Hiroaki Ihara, Satomi Takei, Ayako Nakamura, Yuichi Fujimoto, Tetsuya Handoh, Kana Kurokawa, Yuta Arai, Kohei Shibayama, Issei Sumiyoshi, Yusuke Ochi, Takahiro Okabe, Shigeki Misawa, Shinsaku Togo, Toshio Naito, Yoko Tabe, Takashi Miida, Kazuhisa Takahashi
Summary: A new combination treatment using sitafloxacin was presented in this study, targeting the rough morphotypes of aggressive MABS infections. The combination therapy showed synergistic effects against MABS strains, including highly resistant subspecies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Rieko Sagara, Satoshi Hirayama, Tsuyoshi Ueno, Atsushi Hori, Yutaro Kobori, Takahito Kai, Emiko Nishioka, Takehisa Matsukawa, Shintaro Makino, Takashi Miida
Summary: Insulin resistance worsens during pregnancy due to increases in insulin counterregulatory hormones. Maternal lipids greatly influence neonatal growth, but triglyceride-rich lipoproteins cannot be transferred directly to the fetus. This study investigated the association between maternal metabolic parameters and fetal development with maternal and umbilical cord blood LPL concentrations.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Koji Tsuchiya, Konobu Kimura, Tomohiko Ai, Takamasa Yamamoto, Kaori Nagasaka, Hiroyuki Takemura, Yoko Edahiro, Kaori Saito, Yuki Horiuchi, Shigeki Misawa, Tomoiku Takaku, Jun Ando, Miki Ando, Takashi Miida, Kinya Uchihashi, Yoko Tabe
Summary: In this study, the feasibility of the Sysmex XN-3000 automated hematology analyzer for assessing TNC and BM cell density in routine BMA samples was evaluated. The results showed that XN-3000 provides a quantitative assessment of BM cellularity, supporting the qualitative assessment by myelogram and BM biopsy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LABORATORY HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Takahito Kai, Satoshi Hirayama, Satoshi Soda, Fumiko Fuwa, Saori Nakagawa, Tsuyoshi Ueno, Atsushi Hori, Takashi Miida
Summary: This study investigated the levels of oxysterols, cholesterol oxidation derivatives, in treatment-naive patients with type 2 diabetes and their association with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. The results demonstrated that the concentration of 25-hydroxycholesterol was significantly higher in type 2 diabetes patients and showed a significant association with type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sanae Kubota, Hiroshi Sasano, Mai Suzuki, Yukiko Fukui, Masayoshi Chonan, Takaaki Kawakami, Yoko Tabe, Takashi Miida, Toshimi Kimura, Toshio Naito
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the time between blood culture collection and administration of antibiotics in the outpatient Department of Emergency Medicine in a single university hospital in Japan. The findings showed a decrease in the implementation rate of antibiotic administration within 3 hours after blood culture collection during the COVID-19 pandemic, with an increase as the number of COVID-19-positive patients decreased. However, AST intervention improved the implementation rate and maintained it during subsequent COVID-19 waves.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Satoshi Oshiro, Fuminori Mizukoshi, Naeko Mizutani, Makoto Akiwa, Jun-Ichiro Sekiguchi, Tatsuya Tada, Yuki Yamamoto, Yoko Tabe, Takashi Miida, Teruo Kirikae
Summary: An immunochromatographic kit using antibodies against recombinant N protein was developed to detect SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants, including the variants BA.1.18, BA.1.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.2.75, BA.4.1, BA.4.6, BE.1, BA.5.2.1, XE, BF.7, BF.7.4.1, XBB.1, XBB.1.5, BQ.1.1, as well as the Wuhan strain and a delta variant.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Koji Tsuchiya, Yoshie Hosaka, Toshihiro Takahashi, Masayoshi Chonan, Yuko Makita, Isana Katayama, Tomohiko Ai, Mayumi Idei, Yuki Horiuchi, Kotoko Yamatani, Mitsuru Wakita, Shigeki Misawa, Atsushi Okuzawa, Takashi Miida, Toshio Naito, Kazuhisa Takahashi, Yoko Tabe
Summary: This study demonstrated the appropriate conditions for saliva sample collection, processing, and storage and indicated that the nCoV-DK is applicable for saliva samples, making the diagnostic method simple and safe.
CLINICAL LABORATORY
(2022)
