Article
Ecology
James J. Shelley, Owen J. Holland, Stephen E. Swearer, Timothy Dempster, Matthew C. Le Feuvre, Craig D. H. Sherman, Adam D. Miller
Summary: This study investigated the population genetics of freshwater fish with different dispersal syndromes on the Kimberley Plateau in Western Australia. Results showed that connectivity between catchments is limited, but gene flow within catchments varies based on dispersal potential, with landscape constraints affecting this differently. Dispersal syndromes play a key role in influencing connectivity and gene flow within catchments in this rugged and fragmented landscape.
FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Aure Kylmanen, Ekaterina Karabanina, Tuomo Ollila, Suvi Ponnikas, Laura Kvist
Summary: Estimating turnover in a population provides information on population dynamics, such as dispersal and mortality. By studying genetic diversity and population structure in the Finnish golden eagle population, we found no notable changes in genetic diversity during the 15-year study period and did not discover any population structure. We also examined the turnover rate and found a rate of 23%, which correlated with the breeding success of the previous year.
Article
Biology
Helena Teixeira, Vincent Montade, Jordi Salmona, Julia Metzger, Laurent Bremond, Thomas Kasper, Gerhard Daut, Sylvie Rouland, Sandratrinirainy Ranarilalatiana, Romule Rakotondravony, Lounes Chikhi, Hermann Behling, Ute Radespiel
Summary: Teixeira et al. combined genomic and palaeoecological datasets to infer the demographic history of a forest-dwelling lemur in Madagascar. Their findings indicate that historical environmental changes drove population demographic changes prior to anthropogenic impact, which was detected in the study region during the last millennium.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
William B. Hemstrom, Micah G. Freedman, Myron P. Zalucki, Santiago R. Ramirez, Michael R. Miller
Summary: Range expansions have significant effects on the distribution of genetic variation in space. This study focuses on the expansion of monarch butterflies across the Pacific and the genetic consequences of migration loss. The results show stepwise dispersal across the Pacific and a recent expansion from Hawaii to the Mariana Islands. Nonmigratory monarchs in the Mariana Islands exhibit strong patterns of differentiation, while migratory North American samples form a panmictic population. The study highlights the role of migration in shaping spatial genetic variation.
Article
Entomology
Jacques Regniere, Lisa Venier, Dan Welsh
Summary: The study using exclosure cages and observations of bird predation behavior showed that bird predation has a significant impact on the declining spruce budworm population, with changes in bird foraging behavior as the budworm population decreases.
Article
Fisheries
Jon-Ivar Westgaard, Guldborg Sovik, Torild Johansen
Summary: Our study examined the genetic structure of Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) in the Skagerrak-Kattegat and Norwegian Deep regions using DNA markers. We found no genetic structure within this region, but detected a shallow structure between Scotland and Iceland. Female lobsters showed greater genetic differences, indicating sex-biased dispersal. Ocean currents may connect Nephrops populations through larval drift. Despite evidence for one biological population, differences in fishing pressure and regulations support the current two-areas management regime.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryan C. Garrick, Isis C. Arantes, Megan B. Stubbs, Nathan P. Havill
Summary: The study found that the southern pine beetle population lacks a clear spatial-genetic structure, suggesting broadscale female-biased dispersal. This has important implications for understanding range expansion and outbreak dynamics in this species, requiring further research.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Astrid Vik Stronen, Marjeta Konec, Barbara Boljte, Ivica Boskovic, Dragan Gacic, Ana Galov, Miklos Heltai, Maja Jelencic, Franc Kljun, Ivan Kos, Tamara Kovacic, Jozsef Lanszki, Krunoslav Pintur, Bostjan Pokorny, Tomaz Skrbinsek, Franz Suchentrunk, Laszlo Szabo, Nikica Sprem, Kristijan Tomljanovic, Hubert Potocnik
Summary: Research reveals different genetic clusters of golden jackals in the Adriatic Coast and the Balkan-Pannonian region, with Slovenian jackals showing few signs of Dalmatian ancestry, indicating a potential immigration from outside the study area. Additional samples from eastern regions are needed for further resolution.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Viktoria Vargova, Damiana Guziova, Monika Balogova, Natalia Pipova, Marcel Uhrin, Peter Kanuch
Summary: Heavily urbanized areas can hinder dispersal and gene flow between amphibian populations, affecting genetic variation and population structure. In this study, the effects of the urban environment on the European green toad in eastern Slovakia were examined. Urban populations had lower genetic variability and higher genetic differentiation compared to rural populations. The city park showed admixture with rural populations, suggesting historical gene flow, while other urban sites showed genetic isolation. Understanding local genetic variation and structure is important for conservation plans in urban environments.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Zoology
K. Slater, D. de Jager, A. M. van Wyk, D. L. Dalton, A. S. Kropff, I du Preez
Summary: Globally, human-wildlife conflict is increasing due to human encroachment into natural areas, leading to competition between humans and wildlife for resources. This has resulted in risks to animal species such as loss of genetic diversity and inability to adapt to changing environments. Predators, including jackals, red foxes, and coyotes, exhibit compensatory reproduction and immigration in response to persecution, enabling them to survive and maintain genetic diversity. In South Africa, despite ongoing culling efforts, jackals remain problematic predators of livestock. Genetic analysis of culled jackals in the central Karoo region revealed moderate to high genetic variation within and between farms, suggesting the population is able to maintain genetic diversity through physiological and behavioral compensation mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Thomas E. Dilts, Katherine A. Zeller, Samuel A. Cushman, Eveline S. Larrucea, Miranda M. Crowell, Nathan W. Byer, Kevin T. Shoemaker, Marjorie D. Matocq
Summary: In this study, a habitat modeling approach was used to assess the suitability of pygmy rabbit habitat and identify key variables that define suitability. Corridors and core areas were identified as important for enhancing habitat quality and connectivity, providing a starting point for land managers to develop site-specific plans.
Article
Entomology
Jackie Farfan, Jose Cerdena, Wilson Huanca-Mamani, Hector A. Vargas, Gislene L. Goncalves, Gilson R. P. Moreira
Summary: The study found weak genetic differentiation among populations of Dione dodona, suggesting gene flow through high dispersal and discussed possible scenarios of source populations and gene flow patterns.
Article
Entomology
Cheng-Lung Tsai, Kohei Kubota, Hong-Thai Pham, Wen-Bin Yeh
Summary: The study revealed that Neolucanus swinhoei in Taiwan is impacted by historical climatic oscillations and the Central Mountain Range, showing a complex genetic structure and dispersal routes. The existence of four refugia during the Pleistocene, in combination with biological and habitat factors, drove the genetic differentiation of this species.
Article
Entomology
V Als, A. Narendra, W. Arthofer, P. Krapf, F. M. Steiner, B. C. Schlick-Steiner
Summary: The study revealed that the Australian bull ant Myrmecia nigriceps sometimes shares foraging trees with workers from neighboring nests and this sharing behavior is significantly related to the geographical distance between nests. Additionally, the colony structure of M. nigriceps is characterized by monodomous colonies with one to two queens and one to three fathers.
Article
Agronomy
Ljiljana Brbaklic, Dragana Trkulja, Sanja Mikic, Milan Mirosavljevic, Vojislava Momcilovic, Branislav Dudic, Lenka Prochazkova, Vladimir Acin
Summary: This study aimed to characterize genetic diversity and population structure of a 40-year historical barley breeding collection, finding a considerable diversity level and positive yield progress attributed to breeding for improved plant traits. The breeding material showed dynamic changes in genetic backgrounds, providing a great gene pool suitable for further barley improvement.
Article
Agronomy
Nicola Mori, Giacomo Santoiemma, Itamar Glazer, Gianni Gilioli, Mariangela Ciampitti, Beniamino Cavagna, Andrea Battisti
Summary: The Japanese beetle, an invasive alien species recently introduced and established in Northern Italy, has a significant economic impact on agriculture and nursery industry. Their larvae can cause damage to roots and may be spread through soil. Restrictions on plant movement between infested and non-infested areas are commonly used for control, but can have a big economic impact on the nursery industry.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claude Bragard, Paula Baptista, Elisavet Chatzivassiliou, Francesco Di Serio, Josep Anton Jaques Miret, Annemarie Fejer Justesen, Alan MacLeod, Christer Sven Magnusson, Panagiotis Milonas, Juan A. Navas-Cortes, Stephen Parnell, Roel Potting, Philippe Lucien Reignault, Emilio Stefani, Hans-Hermann Thulke, Wopke Van der Werf, Antonio Vicent Civera, Jonathan Yuen, Lucia Zappala, Andrea Battisti, Hugo Mas, Daniel Rigling, Massimo Faccoli, Giovanni Iacopetti, Alzbeta Mikulova, Olaf Mosbach-Schulz, Fabio Stergulc, Paolo Gonthier
Summary: The European Commission requested the EFSA to assess the risk posed by bonsai plants from China to the plant health in the EU. The evaluation revealed that there is a certain level of risk associated with some pests, and corresponding risk mitigation measures were proposed. For other pests, the requirements for preventing their introduction were met.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claude Bragard, Paula Baptista, Elisavet Chatzivassiliou, Francesco Di Serio, Josep Anton Jaques Miret, Annemarie Fejer Justesen, Alan MacLeod, Christer Sven Magnusson, Panagiotis Milonas, Juan A. Navas-Cortes, Stephen Parnell, Roel Potting, Philippe Lucien Reignault, Emilio Stefani, Hans-Hermann Thulke, Wopke Van der Werf, Antonio Vicent Civera, Jonathan Yuen, Lucia Zappala, Andrea Battisti, Hugo Mas, Daniel Rigling, Massimo Faccoli, Giovanni Iacopetti, Alzbeta Mikulova, Olaf Mosbach-Schulz, Fabio Stergulc, Paolo Gonthier
Summary: The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to conduct risk assessments for bare rooted plants imported from China for planting, specifically Acer palmatum grafted on rootstocks of Acer davidii. The assessment found that the pest Lopholeucaspis japonica may be present in 9336 or more bare rooted plants out of 10,000. The Panel considers that China has applied the relevant measures to address the pests Anoplophora chinensis and Anoplophora glabripennis.
Article
Entomology
Itamar Glazer, Giacomo Santoiemma, Andrea Battisti, Francesca De Luca, Elena Fanelli, Alberto Troccoli, Eustachio Tarasco, Stefano Sacchi, Alessandro Bianchi, Gianni Gilioli, Pamela Gherardo, Nicola Mori
Summary: This study investigated the entomopathogenic nematodes associated with hay meadows in northern Italy after the invasion of Japanese beetle. The results showed that Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema carpocapsae were the main nematode species found, and their occurrence was influenced by the density of the Japanese beetle.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Zoology
E. Ruzzier, M. Muzzi, M. Kadej, A. Battisti, A. Di Giulio
Summary: Hastisetae are detachable setae found in the larvae of a type of beetle called Megatomine. These setae are commonly recognized as contaminants and can cause inflammation symptoms in humans if they come into contact with them through direct contact, ingestion, or inhalation. A recent study examined the structure of the hastisetae and found that they do not have any secretory function and are actually a specialized type of mechanoreceptor.
EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Entomology
Andrea Battisti, Jose A. Hodar, Rodolfo Hernandez, Stig Larsson
Summary: This study examines the relationship between population density and egg mass aggregation in two species of pine processionary moths. The results show that egg mass aggregation deviates from uniform distribution at high population density, which may have significant implications for insect outbreaks.
ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
J. Wallen, K. Noren, A. Angerbjoern, N. E. Eide, A. Landa, O. Flagstad
Summary: Translocations are a widespread approach to conserve threatened populations. The success of translocations is dependent on factors such as demographic and genetic status, habitat quality, and animal behavior. This study examines the translocation of arctic foxes in Norway and finds that the effects of the translocation are context-dependent and pose challenges for small populations and unoccupied sites.
ANIMAL CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Christopher A. Cockerill, Malin Hasselgren, Nicolas Dussex, Love Dalen, Johanna von Seth, Anders Angerbjorn, Johan F. Wallen, Arild Landa, Nina E. Eide, Oystein Flagstad, Dorothee Ehrich, Aleksandr Sokolov, Natalya Sokolova, Karin Noren
Summary: Accelerating climate change is causing severe habitat fragmentation in the Arctic, which is threatening the persistence of cold-adapted species. The Scandinavian arctic fox population is highly fragmented and its future survival depends on the northernmost subpopulations to maintain connectivity with the Siberian population. Analysis of arctic fox genomes revealed increasing signs of genome erosion from Siberia to northern Sweden, indicating a stepping-stone model of population connectivity. Inbreeding and the presence of deleterious mutations were more common in the northern Fennoscandian population, while Siberia had more heterozygous mutations. Understanding the genomic consequences of population fragmentation is crucial for conservation efforts in the face of global warming.
Article
Ecology
Christer Solbreck, Anna Cassel-Lundhagen, Ane T. Laugen, Peter Kanuch
Summary: This study analyzed the post-glacial colonization process of a parasitic insect on white swallowwort in northern Europe. The results showed that the insect's reproductive behavior is influenced by environmental changes, host plant distribution, insect population dynamics, and life history, and it exhibits high levels of local inbreeding and low within-population heterozygosity.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Aurora Bozzini, Saverio Francini, Gherardo Chirici, Andrea Battisti, Massimo Faccoli
Summary: Extreme weather events are causing an increase in forest-pest outbreaks, with a windthrow event in 2018 in the southern Italian Alps causing a shift in populations of the European spruce bark beetle. This study used remote sensing techniques and a random forest model to detect outbreak spots in the southeast Alps. The model achieved an overall accuracy of 72% in 2022 and 58% in 2021, demonstrating the potential to locate even small outbreak areas or areas with mixed healthy and infested trees.
Article
Entomology
Julianne Farrell, Myron P. Zalucki, Andrea Battisti
Summary: Host specificity of an Australian processionary moth species was studied using reciprocal transplant experiments. The moth, Ochrogaster lunifer, has genetically distinct nesting forms associated with acacias and eucalypts. The study confirmed genetic separation and the importance of host specialization in the speciation process.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claude Bragard, Paula Baptista, Elisavet Chatzivassiliou, Francesco Di Serio, Josep Anton Jaques Miret, Annemarie Fejer Justesen, Alan MacLeod, Christer Sven Magnusson, Panagiotis Milonas, Juan A. Navas-Cortes, Stephen Parnell, Roel Potting, Philippe Lucien Reignault, Emilio Stefani, Hans-Hermann Thulke, Wopke Van der Werf, Antonio Vicent Civera, Jonathan Yuen, Lucia Zappala, Andrea Battisti, Hugo Mas, Massimo Faccoli, Ciro Gardi, Alzbeta Mikulova, Olaf Mosbach-Schulz, Giuseppe Stancanelli, Fabio Stergulc, Paolo Gonthier
Summary: The European Commission has proposed the use of sulfuryl fluoride on ash log shipments for phytosanitary certification. The Panel on Plant Health conducted a quantitative assessment on the likelihood of pest freedom from A. planipennis for two different commodities fumigated with sulfuryl fluoride. They concluded that the likelihood of pest freedom is lower for ash logs with bark compared to debarked ash logs.
Article
Entomology
Mizuki Uemura, Myron P. Zalucki, Andrea Battisti
Summary: This study observed the tent construction and foraging behavior of Thaumetopoea pityocampa caterpillars and found differences among individuals in terms of sex, body size, and larval stage. The findings highlight the importance of communal living as a defense against environmental elements and natural enemies, and provide insights for further investigation in polyethism.
Article
Forestry
Davide Nardi, Aurora Bozzini, Giuseppe Morgante, Angelo Gaccione, Valerio Finozzi, Andrea Battisti
Summary: During pest outbreaks, mapping tools are crucial for accurate detection. Participatory projects can provide ground data with high accuracy in detecting early-stage infestations and small spots. However, satellite approaches are essential for estimating infestations due to spatial bias in ground data. This study shows how a participatory approach involving nonspecialized staff and a GIS-based app can provide complementary ground truth data to satellite data.
ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Juan Carlos Cambronero-Heinrichs, Andrea Battisti, Peter H. W. Biedermann, Giacomo Cavaletto, Victor Castro-Gutierrez, Lorenzo Favaro, Giacomo Santoiemma, Davide Rassati
Summary: Ambrosia beetles have abundant bacteria in their active galleries, which play a crucial role in providing nutrition and defense. This study supports the hypothesis of mutualistic interaction between Erwiniaceae bacteria and ambrosia beetles.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
(2023)