Article
Biology
Tong Xu, Mathijs Verhagen, Rosalie Joosten, Wenjie Sun, Andrea Sacchetti, Leonel Munoz Sagredo, Veronique Orian-Rousseau, Riccardo Fodde
Summary: Phenotypic plasticity plays a crucial role in allowing carcinoma cells to acquire transient mesenchymal features for invasion and metastasis. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) and mesenchymal-to-epithelial (MET) transitions are regulated by a broad range of epigenetic mechanisms, including alternative splicing (AS). In this study, we focus on the role of AS in eliciting phenotypic plasticity in colon cancer and identify specific RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that alter AS patterns, leading to the generation of splicing isoforms associated with increased invasion and metastasis. Further validation studies show that these RBPs and splicing isoforms promote local invasion and distant metastasis in colon cancer and are associated with poor survival.
Article
Oncology
Silvia Paola Corona, Francesca Walker, Janet Weinstock, Guillaume Lessene, Maree Faux, Antony W. Burgess
Summary: This study investigates the efficacy of pairwise combinations of inhibitors targeting specific signaling pathways in killing colon cancer cells. The results show that the combination of a Wnt signaling inhibitor and a pro-apoptotic inhibitor can effectively kill colon cancer cells. Combinations of Wnt signaling inhibitors with inhibitors of the Bcl pro-survival protein family should be considered for the treatment of patients with precancerous colon adenomas or advanced colorectal cancers with APC mutations.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fanny E. R. Vuik, Stella A. Nieuwenburg, Sarah Moen, Eline H. Schreuders, Marinka D. Oudkerk Pool, Elisabeth F. P. Peterse, Cristiano Spada, Owen Epstein, Ignacio Fernandez-Urien, Albert Hofman, Ernst J. Kuipers, Manon C. W. Spaander
Summary: The study found that gastrointestinal lesions are very common in a largely asymptomatic Western population, with clinically relevant lesions found in 12% during CCE. These findings provide a reference frame for the prevalence rates of GI lesions in the general population.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Mezgebe Gebrekiristos, Joshua Melson, Alice Jiang, Lela Buckingham
Summary: This study investigated the role of epigenetic changes in early colon tumorigenesis. Dysregulation of DNA methylation patterns and miRNA expression were observed in precancerous lesions, suggesting their involvement in the development of colon cancer. The findings highlight the potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets in early stages of cancer development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kazuhiro Mizukami, Erina Fushimi, Ryota Sagami, Takashi Abe, Takao Sato, Shohei Terashi, Masahide Fukuda, Hidefumi Nishikiori, Takayuki Nagai, Masaaki Kodama, Kazunari Murakami
Summary: This study investigated the lesion-detection ability of an AI-equipped colonoscopy as an addition to colonoscopy screening. The results showed that the CADe group had a significantly higher adenoma detection rate compared to the conventional group, especially for non-expert endoscopists.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Bruce M. Boman, Vignesh Viswanathan, Caroline O. B. Facey, Jeremy Z. Fields, James W. Stave
Summary: CD44 protein and its variant isoforms play different functional roles in the development of colorectal cancer. Specific CD44 isoforms are selectively expressed in normal colonic stem cells and become overexpressed during tumor development. The expression of specific CD44 isoforms in colorectal tumors is closely related to the expression of colorectal stem cell markers. The restricted expression of CD44v8-10 in normal colonic stem cells and its progressive increase during colorectal cancer development may contribute to the overpopulation of tumor stem cells.
CANCER BIOLOGY & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yellamandayya Vadlamudi, Sun Chul Kang
Summary: ESRP1 is overexpressed in most cancer types and downregulated in a few cancers. Silencing ESRP1 can induce caspase-independent cell death in colorectal cancer cells, leading to cancer cell death.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bo Yang, Yongqing Mao, Yanjun Zhang, Yue Hao, Meitong Guo, Bian Li, Haisheng Peng
Summary: In this study, receptor-selective HA-coated PLGA nanoparticles were prepared to deliver the anti-tumor drug API, showing enhanced therapeutic efficacy against colon cancers with high expression of CD44.
Review
Oncology
Francesca Aprile, Giovanni Bruno, Rossella Palma, Maria Teresa Mascellino, Cristina Panetta, Giulia Scalese, Alessandra Oliva, Carola Severi, Stefano Pontone
Summary: Despite recent advances, gut microbiota remains a challenging issue for research. It plays a crucial role in human health, potentially promoting carcinogenesis and being related to various gastrointestinal diseases. Studies on microbial dysbiosis in colorectal adenoma aim to investigate the causative role of microbiota in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence and its potential preventive role. Further research is needed to fully understand the impact of microbiota on gastrointestinal health.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Raymond S. Y. Tang, Jonathan W. J. Lee, Li-Chun Chang, David E. H. Ong, Han-Mo Chiu, Takahisa Matsuda, Hyun-Soo Kim, Masau Sekiguchi, Rupert W. Leong, Andrew M. Y. Ho, Thomas Y. T. Lam, Yee Kit Tse, Lucy Lin, Khay-Guan Yeoh, James Y. W. Lau, Joseph J. Y. Sung
Summary: This study demonstrated that the use of second forward view (SFV) examination in colonoscopy can significantly increase the adenoma detection rate (ADR) in the right colon. SFV examination should be considered as a routine procedure in colonoscopies.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yuyang Zhang, Shanwen Chen, Jing Zhu, Shihao Guo, Taohua Yue, Hao Xu, Jianwen Hu, Zhihao Huang, Zeyang Chen, Pengyuan Wang, Yucun Liu
Summary: This study found that overexpression of CBS and exogenous provision of H2S can inhibit the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells, and CD44 and the transcription factor SP-1 may be involved.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Editorial Material
Hematology
Daniela S. Krause
Summary: Yu et al. discovered a novel signaling pathway that leads to resistance to venetoclax, an increase in stem cell features, and a decrease in apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
Article
Cell Biology
Yoshihisa Tokumaru, Masanori Oshi, Ankit Patel, Wanqing Tian, Li Yan, Nobuhisa Matsuhashi, Manabu Futamura, Kazuhiro Yoshida, Kazuaki Takabe
Summary: Cell proliferation-related gene sets were consistently enriched in both CRC tissues and organoids compared to adenoma tissues and organoids. None of the known pathways in the colon adenoma-carcinoma sequence were consistently enriched in CRC organoids. There was no enrichment of the tumor microenvironment-related gene sets in CRC organoids.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hwang Sik Shin, Yong Jin Cho
Summary: The prevalence of colorectal cancer has been increasing in Korea, and recent studies have found a correlation between increased blood insulin levels and adenomatous polyps. This study aimed to examine the correlation between insulin levels and colon polyps in individuals without a history of diabetes or colorectal cancer.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruifang Sun, Yang Yang, Weidong Lue, Yanqi Yang, Yulong Li, Zhigang Liu, Dongmei Diao, Yang Wang, Su'e Chang, Mengnan Lu, Qiuyu Jiang, Bingling Dai, Xiaobin Ma, Chang'an Zhao, Moqi Lu, Juan Zhang, Caixia Ding, Na Li, Jian Zhang, Zhengtao Xiao, Dangxia Zhou, Chen Huang
Summary: The aim of this study was to understand the evolutionary trajectory of colon cells from normal colon mucosa to adenoma, then to carcinoma in the same microenvironment. Single-cell sequencing was used to analyze normal colon, adenoma, and carcinoma tissues from the same patient, which accurately simulated the time-dependent colon cancer process due to the same microenvironment. A total of 22 cell types were identified. Results showed the presence of dominant clones of the same cells in carcinoma, including C2 goblet cell, epithelial cell subtype 1 (Epi1), enterocyte cell subset 0 (Entero0), and Entero5. We also discovered new colon cancer-related genes. Several genes' functions in T cells need further clarification. The use of colon samples from the same person provides new information for colon cancer therapy.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Vincent H. J. van der Velden, Frank Preijers, Ulrika Johansson, Theresia M. Westers, Alan Dunlop, Anna Porwit, Marie C. Bene, Peter Valent, Jeroen te Marvelde, Orianne Wagner-Ballon, Uta Oelschlaegel, Leonie Saft, Sharham Kordasti, Robin Ireland, Eline Cremers, Canan Alhan, Carolien Duetz, Willemijn Hobo, Nicolas Chapuis, Michaela Fontenay, Peter Bettelheim, Lisa Eidenshink-Brodersen, Patricia Font, Michael R. Loken, Sergio Matarraz, Kiyoyuki Ogata, Alberto Orfao, Katherina Psarra, Dolores Subira, Denise A. Wells, Matteo G. Della Porta, Kate Burbury, Frauke Bellos, Elisabeth Weiss, Wolfgang Kern, Arjan van de Loosdrecht
Summary: This article reviews the progress of flow cytometry (FCM) in the diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in recent years, and provides optimal methods and recommendations for sample processing, antibody panels and fluorochromes, and current hardware technologies. These recommendations will facilitate the appropriate application of FCM assays in the diagnostic workup of MDS patients, but further standardization and harmonization are needed.
CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Theresia M. Westers, Leonie Saft, Vincent H. J. van der Velden, Jeroen G. te Marvelde, Alan Dunlop, Robin Ireland, Peter Valent, Anna Porwit, Marie C. Bene, Arjan A. van de Loosdrecht
Summary: This study described the diagnostic workflow of six cases using multimodal integrated diagnostics and demonstrated the application and added value of flow cytometry in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.
CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Arjan A. Loosdrecht, Wolfgang Kern, Anna Porwit, Peter Valent, Sharham Kordasti, Eline Cremers, Canan Alhan, Carolien Duetz, Alan Dunlop, Willemijn Hobo, Frank Preijers, Orianne Wagner-Ballon, Nicolas Chapuis, Michaela Fontenay, Peter Bettelheim, Lisa Eidenschink-Brodersen, Patricia Font, Ulrika Johansson, Michael R. Loken, Jeroen G. Marvelde, Sergio Matarraz, Kiyoyuki Ogata, Uta Oelschlaegel, Alberto Orfao, Katherina Psarra, Dolores Subira, Denise A. Wells, Marie C. Bene, Matteo G. Della Porta, Kate Burbury, Frauke Bellos, Vincent H. J. van der Velden, Theresia M. Westers, Leonie Saft, Robin Ireland
Summary: This article discusses the rationale for including flow cytometry (FCM) in the diagnostic investigation and evaluation of cytopenias and suspected myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) by the European LeukemiaNet international MDS Flow Working Group. The WHO 2016 classification acknowledges the contribution of FCM in the diagnosis of MDS and its potential usefulness in prognostication, prediction, therapy evaluation, and patient follow-up.
CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Dubravka Smiljkovic, Harald Herrmann, Irina Sadovnik, Susanne Gamperl, Daniela Berger, Gabriele Stefanzl, Gregor Eisenwort, Gregor Hoermann, Sonja Kopanja, Yulia Dorofeeva, Margarete Focke-Tejkl, Peter Jaksch, Konrad Hoetzenecker, Zsolt Szepfalusi, Rudolf Valenta, Michel Arock, Peter Valent
Summary: Siglec-6 is identified as a surface antigen specifically expressed on human MC and basophils. Its expression is dynamically regulated and varies depending on cell types and activation factors. Understanding the expression changes of Siglec-6 provides insights into the function of MC and basophils in allergic reactions.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Allergy
Peter Valent, Amy D. Klion, Florence Roufosse, Dagmar Simon, Georgia Metzgeroth, Kristin M. Leiferman, Juliana Schwaab, Joseph H. Butterfield, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Karl Sotlar, Peter Vandenberghe, Gregor Hoermann, Torsten Haferlach, Richard Moriggl, Tracy George, Cem Akin, Bruce S. Bochner, Jason Gotlib, Andreas Reiter, Hans-Peter Horny, Michel Arock, Hans-Uwe Simon, Gerald J. Gleich
Summary: Eosinophilia and eosinophil activation are common in various diseases. They can lead to hypereosinophilia and hypereosinophilic syndrome, which can cause organ damage. The classification and criteria for these conditions have been widely accepted and regarded as standard since 2012. However, new developments in the field have created a need to update these criteria. A recent working conference on eosinophil disorders discussed new markers and concepts, aiming to improve the diagnosis and management of patients with hypereosinophilia and hypereosinophilic syndrome.
Article
Hematology
Irene Graf, Susanne Herndlhofer, Michael Kundi, Georg Greiner, Martina Sperr, Emir Hadzijusufovic, Peter Valent, Wolfgang R. Sperr
Summary: This study analyzed the prevalence of Covid-19 infections in patients with mastocytosis compared to patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and the general Austrian population. The results showed that the prevalence of Covid-19 infections in mastocytosis patients was 2.2%, which was not significantly different from CML patients and the general population.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Vanessa E. Kennedy, Cecelia Perkins, Andreas Reiter, Mohamad Jawhar, Johannes Luebke, Hanneke C. Kluin-Nelemans, William Shomali, Cheryl Langford, Justin Abuel, Olivier Hermine, Marek Niedoszytko, Aleksandra Gorska, Andrzej Mital, Patrizia Bonadonna, Roberta Zanotti, Ilaria Tanasi, Mattias Mattsson, Hans Hagglund, Massimo Triggiani, Akif Selim Yavuz, Jens Panse, Deborah Christen, Marc Heizmann, Khalid Shoumariyeh, Sabine Mueller, Chiara Elena, Luca Malcovati, Nicolas Fiorelli, Friederike Wortmann, Vladan Vucinic, Knut Brockow, Christos Fokoloros, Sotirios G. Papageorgiou, Christine Breynaert, Dominique Bullens, Michael Doubek, Anja Ilerhaus, Irena Angelova-Fischer, Oleksii Solomianyi, Judit Varkonyi, Vito Sabato, Axel Ruefer, Tanja Daniela Schug, Maud A. W. Hermans, Anna Belloni Fortina, Francesca Caroppo, Horia Bumbea, Theo Gulen, Karin Hartmann, Hanneke Oude Elberink, Juliana Schwaab, Michel Arock, Peter Valent, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Jason Gotlib
Summary: This study evaluated 92 patients with mast cell leukemia (MCL) and found that 34% of patients had an associated hematologic neoplasm. Some patients had chronic MCL, while a small percentage had leukemic MCL. The study also identified genetic mutations and treatment strategies that were associated with prognosis.
Article
Physiology
Pedro L. Valenzuela, Lidia B. Alejo, Laureano M. Ozcoidi, Alejandro Lucia, Alfredo Santalla, David Barranco-Gil
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess the durability of professional cyclists and potential associated indicators. Twelve male professional cyclists participated in the study and performed a 20-minute time trial on two different sessions. The study found that performance is significantly impaired after a certain amount of work completed, and this impairment is not related to traditional laboratory-based endurance indicators or training load markers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Sigrid Vondra, Anna-Lena Hobler, Andreas Ian Lackner, Johanna Raffetseder, Zala Nikita Mihalic, Andrea Vogel, Leila Saleh, Victoria Kunihs, Peter Haslinger, Markus Wahrmann, Heinrich Husslein, Raimund Oberle, Julia Kargl, Sandra Haider, Paulina Latos, Gernot Schabbauer, Martin Knofler, Jan Ernerudh, Jurgen Pollheimer
Summary: During pregnancy, different macrophage populations are found in the decidua basalis (decB) and decidua parietalis (decP), with decBAMs being CD11chi and efficient inducers of Tregs, while decPAMs exhibit a dendritic cell-like phenotype, enhanced phagocytosis, and the ability to activate T cells. Strikingly, EVT-conditioned media can convert decPAMs into a decBAM phenotype, highlighting the critical role of extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) in the induction of decB-associated macrophage polarization.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Klaus Holzmann, Hedwig Sutterluety
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
Bianca Dietrich, Victoria Kunihs, Juergen Pollheimer, Martin Knoefler, Sandra Haider
Summary: 3D trophoblast organoids (TB-ORG) are a reliable model for studying extravillous trophoblast (EVT) lineage formation and differentiation. However, alternative cell sources are needed due to limited access to first trimester placentae. In this study, we tested whether commonly used trophoblastic cell lines, ACH-3P, HTR-8/SVneo, and SWAN-71, could self-organize into organoids and differentiate into EVT. Only ACH-3P formed organoids resembling TB-ORG architectures, and induction of EVT differentiation resulted in the formation of HLA-Gpos areas. Therefore, ACH-3P-ORGs provide another model for studying controlled EVT lineage formation and differentiation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Franziska Ferk, Miroslav Misik, Benjamin Ernst, Gerhard Prager, Christoph Bichler, Doris Mejri, Christopher Gerner, Andrea Bileck, Michael Kundi, Sabine Langie, Klaus Holzmann, Siegfried Knasmueller
Summary: Obesity causes genetic instability, which is a key factor in the development of cancer and aging. This study investigated the effects of bariatric surgery on DNA repair, oxidative DNA damage, telomere lengths, antioxidant enzymes, and inflammation-related proteins. The results showed that after 6 months, bariatric surgery led to weight reduction, decreased DNA damage and oxidized DNA bases, lower levels of malondealdehyde, increased DNA repair and telomere lengths, and downregulation of inflammation-related proteins. These findings suggest that bariatric surgery can reduce DNA damage and inflammation, resulting in long-term health benefits.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hedwig Sutterluety, Maximilian Bargl, Klaus Holzmann
Summary: TERRA, transcribed from telomeres, plays a crucial role in maintaining genetic stability and protecting telomeres. Quantitative PCR can be used to analyze both telomere length and TERRA expression, improving the effectiveness of genotoxicity studies.
MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Theresa Kreilmeier-Berger, Heike Aupperle-Lellbach, Martin Reifinger, Nicolai Valentin Hoerstke, Klaus Holzmann, Miriam Kleiter
Summary: Understanding the telomere maintenance mechanisms (TMMs) in different tumor types is important for developing specific diagnostics and therapies. Telomerase-independent alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) is commonly used in human sarcoma subtypes. The prevalence of ALT in histiocytic sarcoma (HS), a rare and aggressive tumor type, is unknown.
Article
Cell Biology
Alexander Ries, Astrid Slany, Christine Pirker, Johanna C. C. Mader, Doris Mejri, Thomas Mohr, Karin Schelch, Daniela Flehberger, Nadine Maach, Muhammad Hashim, Mir Alireza Hoda, Balazs Dome, Georg Krupitza, Walter Berger, Christopher Gerner, Klaus Holzmann, Michael Grusch
Summary: In this study, novel hTERT-transduced mesothelial cell and Meso-CAF models were generated and characterized, and their impact on PM cell growth was investigated.