Article
Cell Biology
Alain Devault, Simonetta Piatti
Summary: The activity of the mitotic exit network (MEN) is downregulated by Amn1 protein through a dual mode of action on Tem1 GTPase, inhibiting the reset of the cell cycle clock and leading to rapid extinguishing of MEN activity.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yan Li, Kiwon Song
Summary: This study found that Bfa1 can control the spindle position checkpoint (SPOC) independent of its GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity and spindle pole body (SPB) localization, by inhibiting the activity of Tem1 to prevent premature mitotic exit.
Article
Oncology
Kevin H. Lin, Justine C. Rutter, Abigail Xie, Shane T. Killarney, Camille Vaganay, Chaima Benaksas, Frank Ling, Gaetano Sodaro, Paul-Arthur Meslin, Christopher F. Bassil, Nina Fenouille, Jacob Hoj, Rachel Washart, Hazel X. Ang, Christian Cerda-Smith, Paul Chaintreuil, Arnaud Jacquel, Patrick Auberger, Antoine Forget, Raphael Itzykson, Min Lu, Jiaxing Lin, Mariaelena Pierobon, Zhecheng Sheng, Xinghai Li, Ashutosh Chilkoti, Kouros Owzar, David A. Rizzieri, Timothy S. Pardee, Lina Benajiba, Emanuel Petricoin, Alexandre Puissant, Kris C. Wood
Summary: The XPO1 inhibitor Selinexor activates PI3Ky-dependent AKT signaling in AML via upregulation of P2RY2, leading to positive antileukemic effects. Inhibiting this signaling pathway enhances the efficacy of Selinexor in AML.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Voytek Okreglak, Rachel Ling, Maria Ingaramo, Nathaniel H. Thayer, Alfred Millett-Sikking, Daniel E. Gottschling
Summary: This study reveals that the lysosome-like vacuole in Saccharomyces cerevisiae undergoes dynamic pH regulation, with alkalinization before cell division and re-acidification during cell division. This pH regulation is critical for amino acid storage and mobilization, which are important for various cellular processes.
Article
Microbiology
Pengfei Miao, Xuzhao Mao, Shuang Chen, Yakubu Saddeeq Abubakar, Yulong Li, Wenhui Zheng, Jie Zhou, Zonghua Wang, Huawei Zheng
Summary: In this study, the researchers identified a small GTPase FgTem1 that is involved in the mitotic exit of the wheat head blight fungus Fusarium graminearum. They demonstrated that FgTem1 is required for fungal pathogenicity and regulates infection structures formation and invasive hyphal growth on wheat spikelets and wheat coleoptiles. The study also revealed the regulatory mechanisms of FgTem1 and its important role in the phytopathogen's pathogenicity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhenzhen Liang, Zhouqing Luo, Weimin Zhang, Kang Yu, Hui Wang, Binan Geng, Qing Yang, Zuoyu Ni, Cheng Zeng, Yihui Zheng, Chunyuan Li, Shihui Yang, Yingxin Ma, Junbiao Dai
Summary: The relationship between gene sequence and function is important for both fundamental and practical reasons. This study systematically refactored yeast essential genes to explore the plasticity of gene sequences and identify the logic behind encoding and regulation. Further understanding of gene sequence choice can guide the design of genes in various applications.
Article
Cell Biology
Nicholas R. Ader, Linda Chen, Ivan V. Surovtsev, William L. Chadwick, Elisa C. Rodriguez, Megan C. King, C. Patrick Lusk
Summary: This study reveals two functional modes of ESCRT proteins in maintaining the integrity of the nuclear envelope, namely a grommet-like function and a sealing function. The grommet-like function restricts the NE hole during anaphase B, while the sealing function ultimately closes the NE during interphase. Additionally, spindle pole body proteins are found to act as key components of a diffusion barrier in anaphase B, working together with Cmp7.
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Lara Katharina Kruger, Matthieu Gelin, Liang Ji, Carlos Kikuti, Anne Houdusse, Manuel Thery, Laurent Blanchoin, Phong T. Tran
Summary: This study uncovered the regulatory mechanism of mitotic spindle microtubules, including the role of Klp9 in microtubule growth and sliding during spindle shortening, and its interaction with XMAP215/Dis1.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu Tang, Man Ip Ho, Byung-Ho Kang, Yangnan Gu
Summary: The nuclear basket is an essential structure of the nuclear pore complex, participating in various nuclear processes. This study identifies GBPL3 as a component of the plant NPC basket and reveals its role in transcription regulation by interacting with nucleoporins and recruiting other proteins. GBPL3 also physically interacts with the nucleoskeleton and is required for coordinating gene expression during plant development and stress responses.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jun-Song Chen, Christine M. Jones, Maya G. Igarashi, Liping Ren, Alyssa E. Johnson, Kathleen L. Gould
Summary: Preventing phosphorylation of Dma1 reduces its localization to the contractile ring, but does not affect its function in the mitotic checkpoint, highlighting the importance of Dma1 localization to spindle pole bodies for its role in the checkpoint.
Article
Cell Biology
Emmanuel T. Nsamba, Abesh Bera, Michael Costanzo, Charles Boone, Mohan L. Gupta
Summary: Different α-tubulin isotypes play distinct roles in recruiting spindle positioning mechanisms, optimizing spindle positioning in cells. These findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the function of tubulin isotypes in diverse cellular processes.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Gabriel M. Gihana, Arthur A. Cross-Najafi, Soni Lacefield
Summary: In budding yeast, the Cdc42 GTPase establishes a polar front during G1, with the activity of the Cdc14 phosphatase released through the mitotic exit network playing a crucial role in redistributing Cdc42 between mother and daughter cells. The interaction between Bem3, a Cdc42 GAP, and Cdc14 is important for the dephosphorylation and activation of Bem3, allowing for the inactivation and redistribution of Cdc42. These findings reveal a mechanism by which Cdc14 regulates the spatial and temporal activity of Cdc42 to maintain normal cell size at cytokinesis.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Joseph M. Varberg, Jay R. Unruh, Andrew J. Bestul, Azqa A. Khan, Sue L. Jaspersen
Summary: The number and distribution of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) in the nuclear envelope vary between cell types and change in cellular differentiation and disease. In this study, the researchers used structured illumination microscopy to analyze the NPC number and distribution in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. They found that NPC density is maintained across a wide range of nuclear sizes, and regions of reduced NPC density are observed over the nucleolus and surrounding the spindle pole body (SPB). They also discovered that Lem2-mediated tethering of the centromeres to the SPB is required to maintain NPC exclusion near SPB.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Federico Zucca, Clara Visintin, Jiaming Li, Steven P. Gygi, Rosella Visintin
Summary: Zucca et al. identified the Clb4-CDK1 and APC/C-Cdc20 complexes as central regulators of astral microtubule dynamics in budding yeast. They found that astral microtubules are tightly regulated, with a switch in dynamics occurring at anaphase onset. The degradation of the mitotic cyclin Clb4 by APC/C-Cdc20 is crucial for this switch and plays a unique role in controlling factors involved in astral microtubule regulation.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Masashi Yamaguchi, Azusa Takahashi-Nakaguchi, Katsuyuki Uematsu, Masaki Taguchi, Michiyo Sato-Okamoto, Hiroji Chibana
Summary: Rapid freezing is a better alternative for preserving cell structure and observing the ultrastructure of biological specimens. The commercial availability of a new sandwich freezing device provides more convenience and wider applications in biological research.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2021)