Review
Chemistry, Physical
Sahng Hyuck Woo, So Young Lee, Young-Gi Yoon, Arnaud Rigacci, Jung-Je Woo, Christian Beauger, Hyoung-Juhn Kim
Summary: The incorporation of nanoclays into polymer matrixes improves the performance of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), especially at high temperatures and low relative humidity (RH). Nanoclays also enhance the mechanical properties and reduce the cost of composite membranes.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ping-Yen Chen, Tse-Han Chiu, Fan-Jie Lin, Jyh-Chien Chen
Summary: Two novel tetraamines have been synthesized, and polybenzimidazoles with outstanding thermal stability, solubility, and oxidative stability have been prepared. The resulting membranes exhibit excellent tensile strength, proton conductivity, and peak power density, making them promising candidates for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) applications.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Seyed Mojtaba Alirahmi, Ehsanolah Assareh, Ata Chitsaz, Shahriyar Ghazanfari Holagh, Saeid Jalilinasrabady
Summary: This study conducts comprehensive energy, exergy, and economic evaluations and optimizations of a novel integrated fuel cell/geothermal-based energy system, and illustrates that combining a fuel cell and an electrolyzer can effectively manage electricity consumption to satisfy the demands during peak and low load periods.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhe Sun, Dan Cao, Yawen Ling, Feng Xiang, Zhixin Sun, Fan Wu
Summary: The paper proposes a dynamic differential evolution algorithm with a collective guiding factor to solve the parameter identification and optimization problem of PEMFC model. By introducing dynamic scaling factor and dynamic crossover probability, the algorithm shows superior performance in convergence accuracy and speed, leading to more accurate parameter values for the PEMFC model.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ghosh Priyanka, Saibal Ganguly, Kajari Kargupta
Summary: In this study, a composite electrolyte membrane of Polybenzimidazole (PBI) with Phosphosilicate nano-network (PPSN) was developed to enhance the proton conductivity, durability, and power generation of high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC). The addition of PPSN resulted in improved water uptake, acid doping level, and peak power generation, while maintaining lower voltage decay compared to the pristine PBI membrane.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Pengkun Jiang, Jian Chen, Lei Jin, Lalitesh Kumar
Summary: This article proposes an adaptive condition monitoring method for proton exchange membrane fuel cells based on fast electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and two-frequency impedance measurements. The method includes the development of an impedance measurement system for fast electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and impedance measurements of single frequency, the adaptive extraction of two characteristic frequencies from the impedance spectrum, and the use of a multiclass linear discriminant classifier for online state classification. The proposed method is experimentally validated on a 3-kW and a 400-W fuel cell stack, demonstrating its effectiveness, rapidity, and migrability.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohamed Abd Elaziz, Laith Abualigah, Mohamed Issa, Ahmed A. Abd El-Latif
Summary: This paper proposes a new method for identifying the parameters of PEMFC based on GTO and validates its effectiveness through various test cases. The results show that the proposed method has high performance capability in both steady-state and dynamic situations, and achieves better performance than other well-known comparative methods.
Article
Polymer Science
Prem P. Sharma, Vo Dinh Cong Tinh, Dukjoon Kim
Summary: Enhancement in ion cluster size of sulfonated poly (arylene ether sulfone) (SPAES)-based membranes was successfully achieved by encapsulating basic pendent branches as side groups, leading to improved proton conductivity and excellent chemical stability. The synthesized hybrid membrane demonstrated potential application in electrochemical and proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications with stable performance.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Asif Jamil, Sikander Rafiq, Tanveer Iqbal, Hafiza Aroosa Aslam Khan, Haris Mahmood Khan, Babar Azeem, M. Z. Mustafa, Abdulkader S. Hanbazazah
Summary: Fuel cells are environmentally friendly technology with high efficiency and economic advantages. Proton exchange membranes, especially for hydrogen fuel cells, have great potential but face challenges in terms of cost and degradation of proton exchange capacity over time.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shuai Shi, Xianglong Wen, Qinqin Sang, Shuai Yin, Kaili Wang, Jian Zhang, Min Hu, Huiming Yin, Jia He, Yi Ding
Summary: Designing catalyst layers with high proton conductivity in membrane electrode assemblies is crucial for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The use of an ultrathin Pt-decorated nanoporous gold catalyst layer has been shown to significantly improve proton conduction and achieve excellent power density in carbon-free electrodes.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yan Yin, Mengyuan Li, Xin Liu, Na Xie, Chenyang Zheng, Guokun Liu, Shuoyao Yin, Xintian Li, Yabiao Pei, Junfeng Zhang, Yanzhou Qin, Michael D. Guiver
Summary: In this study, a method to improve the proton conductivity of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) by adding CuFe-PBA is proposed. Unlike previous strategies, this method focuses on the mode of proton transport rather than simply increasing water uptake or enlarging hydrophilic domains. The experimental results show that SPSf/CuFe-PBA composite PEMs exhibit better performance than unfilled PEMs, especially under low humidity conditions, and are competitive with Nafion 212. Furthermore, scale-up trials and cost estimation indicate the economic and practical potential of CuFe-PBA and composite PEMs.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Huiwen Deng, Youlong Cui, Weirong Chen, Di Cao, Weihao Hu
Summary: A nonlinear observer design for estimating gas species profiles and partial pressures in a fuel delivery system is proposed in this paper. The observer, based on a projection algorithm, shows better real-time estimation performance and robustness compared to a second order sliding mode observer. The study also reveals the observer's good robustness in hydrogen partial pressures observation and less robustness in nitrogen partial pressures estimation, with an analysis of key system parameters affecting the estimations.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Oliver Fernihough, Holly Cheshire, Jean-Michel Romano, Ahmed Ibrahim, Ahmad El-Kharouf, Shangfeng Du
Summary: This study demonstrates that patterned membranes, particularly the sharklet pattern, can significantly enhance the power performance of PEMFCs at low relative humidity conditions.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wenhui Zhao, Guangtong Xu, Wenyan Dong, Yiwei Zhang, Zipeng Zhao, Limei Qiu, Juncai Dong
Summary: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) show great potential as efficient and clean energy conversion devices, but the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the vulnerability of ORR catalysts under harsh conditions hinder their practical development. In situ characterization techniques provide valuable insights into the ORR mechanism and failure mechanisms of ORR catalysts, guiding the development of high-performance catalysts with improved activity and stability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hongbing Ding, Yuanyuan Dong, Yu Zhang, Yan Yang, Chuang Wen
Summary: A two-phase flow model was proposed to analyze the phase change characteristics and the influence of different primary pressures on the property of the ejector and internal entropy and exergy. The results showed that the wet gas model had a good prediction ability. There were significant differences between the dry gas model and the wet gas model, such as larger Mach number and entrainment ratio predicted by the dry gas model, while lower temperature and pressure compared to the wet gas model. Finally, the analysis of entropy and exergy showed that the dry gas model overestimated the entropy generation and exergy destruction.
Article
Physics, Applied
Zi-Hao Wang, Jie Zhao, Li-Li Fu, Liao-Lin Zhang, Chun-Xiao Liu
Summary: This study reports on the preparation of optical waveguides in Dy3+-doped Y3Al5O12 transparent ceramics using proton implantation. The fabricated waveguides exhibit a high-quality waveguide structure and efficient light propagation.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2024)
Article
Physics, Applied
Ahmed Memdouh Younsi, Abdelaziz Rabehi, Lakhdar Gacem, Mohamed Toufik Soltani
Summary: In this study, first-principles calculations were used to investigate the structural, electronic, optical, and magnetic properties of SrCo1-xAxO3 (A=Fe or Cr, x=0.125 and 0.25) materials. It was found that the doping of Fe increased the magnetic moment and all materials exhibited metallic conductivity. The variations in the real part values suggested a Drude-like dielectric function behavior for this material.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2024)
Article
Physics, Applied
L. Derbali, F. Bouhjar, A. Derbali
Summary: This study reports on the deposition of highly transparent conducting n-type zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films on FTO substrates, using an optimized doping process. The results showed that 4% vanadium (V) doping significantly enhances the crystallinity of the thin films, improves the electrical conductivity and reduces deep level defects in ZnO. The V-doped ZnO thin films exhibit high transparency, enhanced UV emission, and improved carrier mobility, leading to higher photocatalytic performance.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2024)
Article
Physics, Applied
Lu Li, Xinpei Li, Lianhe Li
Summary: This study systematically investigates the effective elastic properties of 1D hexagonal quasicrystal (QC) with spring-type imperfect interfaces. The numerical results show that the presence of imperfect interfaces reduces the effective elastic constants to some extent, indicating the important role played by the interface in the elastic properties of QC composites.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2024)
Article
Physics, Applied
Probhu Mandal, Ajay Kumar Ghosh
Summary: In this paper, we have extracted the transport critical current density (Jc) of BaZrO3 added YBa2Cu3O7-delta by using several low electric field criteria. The temperature dependence of Jc and JcG is strongly affected by the choice of electric field criteria, especially at lower temperatures. We have also studied how different criteria may change the extraction of associated coefficients and found that the extrapolated Jc and JcG are highly sensitive to the criteria used.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2024)
Article
Physics, Applied
Zhenghao Cai, Zhiwen Wang, Hongyu Zhao, Ming Li, Bowei Li, Liangchao Chen, Hongan Ma, Xiaopeng Jia
Summary: In this study, the growth characteristics and surface growth process of diamond crystals were further investigated by controlling the impurity content. The results showed that the spontaneous nucleation rate, growth characteristics, and impurity concentration of diamond crystals were significantly affected by the introduction of impurities. The presence of impurities blocked the mutual diffusion between the metal solvent and carbon source, resulting in a decrease in the growth rate of diamond crystals and hindering the surface processes of diamond growth.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2024)
Article
Physics, Applied
Ruizhi Yang, Yunkai Li, Wanpeng Lin, Jun Xu, Lige Wang, Jing Liu
Summary: Selenium selenide (SnSe) has gained attention for its environmental friendliness and low thermal conductivity. Single-crystal SnSe has high thermoelectric properties but is mechanically weak and difficult to manufacture, making it not suitable for commercial usage. Polycrystalline SnSe is easier to synthesize but has poor thermoelectric performance. In this study, polycrystalline SnSe samples are prepared using hydrothermal synthesis combined with vacuum sintering, and their thermoelectric properties are modified through alkali metal element doping.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2024)
Article
Physics, Applied
Mohammed El Amine Monir, Hadj Baltach, Ibtisam F. Al-Maaitah, A. F. Al-Maaitah, Amel Laref
Summary: The structural, electronic and optical properties of Cu2(1-x)Ag2xO alloys were investigated using density functional theory. The compounds were found to be semiconductors based on the equilibrium lattice parameters and electronic structure calculations. Additionally, the optical properties were calculated.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2024)
Article
Physics, Applied
Yi Liu, Jiangtao Xu, Pingan Liu
Summary: In this study, the melting and annealing behaviors of aluminum nanoparticles were simulated using the ReaxFF reactive force field. The physical properties of aluminum and aluminum oxide were effectively reflected in the simulations. The presence of an oxide layer has an impact on the annealing behavior.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2024)
Article
Physics, Applied
P. Chandini Pattanaik, S. Jena, S. R. Mishra
Summary: This study investigates the two-dimensional time-dependent flow of nanofluid over a permeable stretching or sinking sheet. The inclusion of a transverse magnetic field, magnetic dissipation, and thermal radiation enriches the flow phenomena. The use of nanofluids is of increasing importance in various industrial applications, as well as engineering and biomedicine.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2024)
Article
Physics, Applied
Muhammad Farooq, Hijaz Ahmad, Dilber Uzun Ozsahin, Alamgeer Khan, Rashid Nawaz, Bandar Almohsen
Summary: This paper investigates the Poiseuille flow of non-isothermal couple stress fluid of Reynolds model between two heated parallel inclined plates using the AHPM and OHAM-DJ methods. The approximate solutions for various flow properties are obtained and compared, showing excellent resemblance between the two methods.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2024)
Article
Physics, Applied
Shyam Lal Gupta, Sumit Kumar, Samjeet Singh Anupam, Samjeet Singh Thakur, Sanjay Panwar, Diwaker
Summary: This study investigates the structural, electronic, mechanical, and thermoelectric properties of the iridium-based Heusler alloys Ir2V (In, Sn). The alloys exhibit half-metallic behavior, with large magnetic moments and mechanical stability, making them promising candidates for high-temperature thermoelectric applications.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2024)