Article
Engineering, Chemical
Manar Derhy, Yassine Taha, Mostafa Benzaazoua, Asmae El-Bahi, Yassine Ait-Khouia, Rachid Hakkou
Summary: This study evaluates the performance of saponified vegetable oils as collectors in phosphate ores' flotation. It found that the saponification of flaxseed oil can serve as an efficient collector in phosphate flotation, enabling a recovery rate of up to 95.7% for calcite.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Wenhan Sun, Wengang Liu, Shujuan Dai, Hao Duan, Wenbao Liu
Summary: In this study, AECNa compounds were synthesized to improve the flotation performance of fatty acids. The results showed that AEC3Na exhibited advantages in capture ability and dispersibility, and had an anti-activation effect.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chang Liu, Longhua Xu, Jiushuai Deng, Donghui Wang, Kai Xue, Yan Wang, Lin Jing
Summary: In this study, a novel cationic Gemini surfactant, EDDA, was designed and synthesized for the separation of bastnaesite from calcite. The results showed that EDDA exhibited excellent selective collecting ability for bastnaesite, with higher grade and recovery compared to other collectors. The adsorption mechanism of EDDA on bastnaesite surface was investigated and the results indicated that EDDA enhanced the hydrophobicity of bastnaesite through electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hao Duan, Wengang Liu, Xinyang Wang, Xiaowei Gu, Wenhan Sun, Xiangyu Peng, Hui Yue
Summary: The novel collector OBHA significantly improved the flotation separation efficiency between bastnaesite and barite, calcite. Various analyses revealed the chemical adsorption mechanism of OBHA on the mineral surfaces, enhancing the selectivity in mineral flotation.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jiang Yu, Sheng Liu, Chen Cheng, Simin Xiong, Guangyi Liu
Summary: The effect of calcite and quartz on bastnaesite flotation with octyl hydroxamic acid (OHA) collector was studied using various techniques. It was found that OHA had a stronger affinity to bastnaesite compared to calcite and quartz. Bastnaesite promoted the flotation recovery of calcite, while calcite weakened the floatability of bastnaesite. OHA exhibited unsatisfactory flotation separation of bastnaesite from calcite. Regarding quartz, its hetero-aggregation with bastnaesite hardly occurred, and bastnaesite increased the dynamic froth stability and entrained more quartz particles into the flotation concentrates. However, the floatability difference between bastnaesite and quartz was sufficient for OHA to achieve a high selective flotation recovery of bastnaesite.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Emmy Muhoza, Kayla Gibson, Wencai Zhang, Seyed Hassan Amini
Summary: This study developed an environmentally benign flotation reagent scheme using organic acids to enhance bastnaesite flotation while selectively depressing calcite. The results demonstrated the potential of organic acids as effective calcite depressants in the bastnaesite flotation system.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Wenliang Xiong, Maoyuan Wang, Junhui Xiao, Da Chen
Summary: The study showed that using NHA as a collector can significantly improve the flotation recovery of bastnaesite. By studying the interaction mechanism between NHA and bastnaesite, the action mode of NHA was revealed.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Wengang Liu, Liang Lv, Yong Mao, Hao Duan, Tiebing Yue, Fei Cao
Summary: The flotation separation of bastnaesite from calcite is an important issue in mineral selection. This study found that the use of the new collector OIBHA can effectively achieve the separation of bastnaesite from calcite. The results of Fourier transform infrared, ζ potential measurements, and quantum chemical calculations revealed the selective adsorption mechanism of OIBHA.
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhihao Guo, Mengjie Tian, Gongming Qian, You Zhou, Zhiyong Gao, Wei Sun
Summary: This study investigated the flotation separation of bastnaesite and fluorite, two important minerals containing light rare earth elements (LREEs). Styrylphosphonic acid (SPA) and cinnamohydroxamic acid (CHA) were used as the collectors. The results showed that SPA and CHA exhibited certain selectivities, with CHA having stronger collecting ability but poorer selectivity compared to SPA. The adsorption mechanisms of SPA and CHA on the surfaces of bastnaesite and fluorite were also examined using various tests and calculations.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mei Li, Zhilong Liu, Bin Wang, Xin Teng, Hao Jiang
Summary: In this study, the flotation separation performance and mechanism of fluorite and calcite using a mixed anionic/cationic collector and salted water glass were investigated. The results showed that the mixed collectors had strong selectivity for the two minerals, while the salted water glass selectively inhibited the flotation of calcite. Analysis revealed that the mixed collectors had greater molecular activity and a synergistic effect compared to a single collector. This research provides insights into the separation of fluorite and calcite.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xinyu Zhu, Yang Huang, Yangge Zhu, Na Sun, Weiqing Wang
Summary: The selective inhibition mechanism of oxalic acid on common calcium-bearing gangue minerals in bastnaesite flotation was studied, showing that oxalic acid competes with H205 for the active site on the surface of the gangue minerals, reducing their surface hydrophobicity and inhibiting their floating. In this process, fluorite is more inhibited than calcite.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Amanda Soares Freitas, Elves Matiolo, Rafael Teixeira Rodrigues
Summary: The study evaluates a process using carbon dioxide injection for separation between apatite and calcite by flotation in treating uranium-carbonate phosphate ore. This process circuit, discharging only natural slimes, increases overall P2O5 recovery and may be a potential alternative for concentrating apatite from the Santa Quite ' ria ore.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Longhua Xu, Zhoujie Wang, Kaiqian Shu, Houqin Wu, Yuehua Hu
Summary: The study investigates the dissolution and adsorption behavior of species commonly released into bastnaesite flotation pulp from Ca/Ba-bearing gangue minerals. It finds that these dissolved species have a significant impact on the flotation recovery of bastnaesite, depending on the solution pH. The dissolved species also affect the adsorption of the collector, with calcite affecting both chemisorption and physical adsorption.
FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qianqian Wang, Haofeng Zhang, Yanling Xu, Shenxu Bao, Cheng Liu, Siyuan Yang
Summary: Native starches and their phosphates were used as depressants for the flotation of quartz from hematite. Starch phosphates exhibited stronger depressing abilities than native starches. The proposed adsorption model insights will significantly promote the development of starch-based depressants for iron ore flotation and other mineral processing applications.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Xu Wu, Yiwen Hu, Sultan Ahmed Khoso, Zhao Cao
Summary: A new collector mixture of octyl hydroxamic acid (OHA) and octyl phenol ethoxylation (OP10) was proposed to improve the flotation of bastnaesite, which is a major issue in the rare earth ore flotation industry. Experimental and analytical tests revealed that the OHA/OP10 combination significantly enhanced the recovery of fine-grained bastnaesite and promoted its aggregation. The co-adsorption of OHA and OP10 on the surface of bastnaesite was confirmed by zeta potential, fluorescence spectrum, and XPS analysis.
MINERAL PROCESSING AND EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ying Lu, Weiping Liu, Xuming Wang, Huaigang Cheng, Fangqin Cheng, Jan D. Miller
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Lei Pan, Sean Golden, Shoeleh Assemi, Marc Freddy Sime, Xuming Wang, Yuesheng Gao, Jan Miller
Summary: Respirable coal mine dust particles, especially the nano-sized fraction, can cause severe lung diseases in coal miners, and the characterization of these particles in terms of size and chemical composition is still ongoing.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alexa B. Hanson, Ian J. Schwerdt, Cody A. Nizinski, Rachel Nicholls Lee, Nicholas J. Mecham, Erik C. Abbott, Sean Heffernan, Adam Olsen, Michael R. Klosterman, Sean Martinson, Alexandria Brenkmann, Luther W. McDonald
Summary: The study investigated the hydration and morphological effects of amorphous (A)-UO3 under different temperature and relative humidity conditions. It provides insights into the changes in U-oxide speciation following aging, the quantification of U-oxide morphology, and the significance of relative humidity on crystallographic and morphological alterations of A-UO3.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. Girard, A. Hagen, I Schwerdt, M. Gaumer, L. McDonald, N. Hodas, E. Jurrus
Summary: A novel unsupervised machine learning method was introduced for quantitative representation of scanning electron micrographs, which generated broadly descriptive representations of each micrograph and the imaged material microstructure. The method achieved competitive accuracy in uranium ore concentrate analysis and could classify various processing routes and parameters accurately without human bias.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael R. Klosterman, Erik J. Oerter, Suvankar Chakraborty, Michael J. Singleton, Luther W. McDonald
Summary: This study focuses on measuring the oxygen-stable isotope composition of synthetically produced uranium oxides to determine the mechanism and extent of fractionation during materials processing relevant to the nuclear fuel cycle. Oxygen exchange with atmospheric O-2 was found to be rapid at calcination temperatures greater than 600 degrees Celsius, with equilibration occurring in less than 2 hours.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alexa B. Hanson, Cody A. Nizinski, Luther W. McDonald
Summary: This study investigated the speciation and morphological changes of alpha-U3O8 under diel cycling temperature and relative humidity, providing valuable insights into U-oxide hydration and nuclear material provenance. Different synthesis routes resulted in alpha-U3O8 with distinct morphologies, and aging led to observable changes in morphology, with AUC synthesized alpha-U3O8 hydrating more rapidly than UO4 synthesized alpha-U3O8.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiaqi Jin, Pranay Asai, Xuming Wang, Jan D. Miller, Milind Deo
Summary: Water flow in nanopores is influenced by pore wettability and interfacial water properties. Simulations showed enhanced water flow and a positive slip length at hydrophobic surfaces, while hydrophilic surfaces exhibited zero flow velocity. The presence of a water exclusion zone and differences in slip lengths between simulation and experimental results were observed.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Cuong Ly, Cody A. Nizinski, Ada Toydemir, Clement Vachet, Luther W. McDonald, Tolga Tasdizen
Summary: The proposed approach uses convolutional neural networks to determine the composition of a mixed material, reducing costs by generating synthetic data instead of collecting mixed material images. The study demonstrates the scalability of the method through two datasets, showing that it accurately determines the presence of materials and estimates the composition of a mixed material. Additionally, analyses are provided to further validate and highlight the benefits of the proposed approach.
MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael R. Klosterman, Erik J. Oerter, Amanda L. Deinhart, Suvankar Chakraborty, Michael J. Singleton, Luther W. McDonald
Summary: Oxygen stable isotopes in uranium oxides processed through the nuclear fuel cycle have the potential to provide information about a material's origin and processing history. The study reveals that process parameters such as heating rate and decomposition temperature can affect the oxygen isotope fractionation during the production of UO2 in the nuclear fuel fabrication process.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Tom Burr, Ian Schwerdt, Kari Sentz, Luther McDonald, Marianne Wilkerson
Summary: This review paper focuses on using quantitative analyses of measurements such as particle size and shape in pre-detonation nuclear forensics to infer production conditions, and discusses statistical issues and various machine learning options for this purpose.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Weiping Liu, Jan Dean Miller, Wei Sun, Yuehua Hu
Summary: This article examines the improvement in selectivity during the flotation of pyrite and gold by adding MTP. The adsorption of MTP and DTP is studied using density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulation. The results show that replacing the collector can improve gold recovery.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Shoeleh Assemi, Lei Pan, Xuming Wang, Titilayo Akinseye, Jan D. Miller
Summary: Nanoparticles with a size below 100 nm in respirable coal mine dust (RCMD) may have significant adverse health effects by penetrating deep into the lung and triggering oxidative stress formation and inducing inflammation. Researchers used a particle separation technique to analyze RCMD nanoparticles collected from an underground mine in the United States. The study provides valuable data on the size, morphology, and composition of RCMD nanoparticles below 100 nm.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Weiping Liu, Jan D. Miller, Wei Sun, Yuehua Hu
Summary: CaF2 has limited electrokinetic sensitivity to fluoride ions in solution, and the positive CaF2 surface charge is not reversed at high fluoride ion concentration. FTIR-IRS results show that AgCl/water interface has a water structure-breaking tendency, while CaF2/water interface has a structure-making tendency. The speculation that strong hydrogen bonding between fluoride ions and water prevents the accommodation of excess fluoride ions at surface lattice sites of fluorite is examined by molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) in this study.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Weiping Liu, Yujie Zhao, Junfeng Chen, Muhammad Azam, David Asubonteng, Michael Ngoie, Shangyong Lin, Wei Sun
Summary: Copper concentrates are commonly used in smelting operations worldwide, but they often contain hazardous impurities, such as fluorine ions, which can lead to various complications during the smelting process. This comprehensive review evaluates current techniques for removing fluorine from copper concentrate and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of existing methods. The review provides valuable insights into the current state of fluorine removal from copper concentrates and serves as a practical guide for researchers and industry professionals.
MINING METALLURGY & EXPLORATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chen Zhang, Xuming Wang, Jiaqi Jin, Lixia Li, Jan D. Miller
Summary: Most slip length measurements have been made on synthetic or modified synthetic materials, with few reports on unmodified natural mineral surfaces. Slip length measurements were conducted on the silica face surfaces of talc and mica using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results showed contrasting slip length conditions between the hydrophobic silica surface of talc and the hydrophilic silica surface of mica.
COLLOIDS AND INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Benjamin De Castro, Mostafa Benzaazoua, Soumali Roychowdhury, Aurelie Chopard, Francis Quintal Lauzon, Benoit Plante
Summary: This study proposes an innovative method using deep learning algorithm and reflected light optical imaging to automatically detect all particles and minerals in acrylic resin polished sections. The experimental results show that this method can accurately detect all mineral particles, including transparent minerals, under reflected light optical microscopy, and provide unbiased mineralogical quantification.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qiushi Song, Xinyu Du, Changlu Shan, Hongwei Xie, Zhiqiang Ning, Kai Yu
Summary: This study investigated the effect of magnetic stirring on the microstructure of Co deposits during electrowinning in a chloride solution. It was found that magnetic stirring effectively reduced the negative influence of H2 bubbles on the structure of Co deposits and changed their nucleation and growth behavior, resulting in the preparation of high-quality columnar Co crystals.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Tao Ge, Xiaowei Zhou, Liang Xu, Yan Sun, Cheng Yang, Yongpan Tian, Zhuo Zhao
Summary: In this study, the extraction performance and complexation mechanism of p-di-ethyl-amino-methylthiacalix[4]arene (L) towards Pt(IV) were investigated. The results indicated that L had excellent complexation ability towards Pt(IV) and could selectively extract it from a solution containing multiple competing ions.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yuan Li, Dirk van Zyl
Summary: This paper presents a modified Kynch's approach to explain the hindered settling behavior of suspensions impacted by segregation. The experimental data and predicted results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yi Fang, Aurora Robledo-Cabrera, Changsheng Peng, Shan Huang, Qi Xiao, Alejandro Lopez-Valdivieso
Summary: With the assistance of mechanical ball milling, the partially oxidized micro-sponge iron (micro-Fe0@Fe2O3) achieves significantly improved removal of Cr(VI) across a broad pH range. Mechanical force eliminates the surface oxide layer and exposes the Fe0 core, leading to sustained reduction of Cr(VI). The efficiency of micro-Fe0@Fe2O3 is strongly influenced by dissolved oxygen, with higher DO resulting in the generation of stable reductant Fe(II) under acidic conditions, while DO consumption hinders the reduction of Cr(VI) under alkaline conditions due to increased pH. Parameters of ball milling operation, especially rotation speed, have a significant impact on the removal of Cr(VI).
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alton F. Grabsch, Phillip D. Fawell, Michael G. Davies
Summary: High molecular weight partially hydrolysed polyacrylamide (PHPA) is commonly used in mineral exploration drilling to increase fluid viscosity and help maintain the suspension of fine particles. However, clarifying these suspensions can be difficult, and previous studies have found that anionic flocculants are ineffective. This study confirmed that nonionic flocculants can successfully aggregate the particles, indicating that the charged tails of adsorbed PHPA prevent anionic flocculants from accessing the particle surfaces.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
J. S. Guiral-Vega, L. Perez-Barnuevo, J. Bouchard, A. Ure, E. Poulin, C. Du Breuil
Summary: This paper introduces an approach that combines particle properties and process modeling to describe the behavior of iron ore in a laboratory-scale drum-type magnetic separator. Early information on iron ore processing behavior can be obtained through laboratory testing, automated mineralogy analysis, and process modeling.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Sayed Janishar Anzoom, Ghislain Bournival, Seher Ata
Summary: This review discusses the benefits and challenges of coarse particle flotation, as well as recent developments in improving the process. Coarse particle flotation has various applications and offers advantages in technical, economic, and sustainability aspects. However, it also faces challenges such as particle detachment, transfer between phases, and persistence in the froth phase. Technological advancements, such as fluidized-bed flotation and processes enhancing bubble-particle attachment, have shown promising results in efficiently recovering larger particles.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yimei Xiao, Jinchan Feng, Bingqiao Yang, Huihua Luo, Fang Zhou
Summary: In this study, the use of fulvic acid as a depressant for the flotation separation of chalcopyrite from arsenopyrite was investigated. It was found that fulvic acid strongly depressed arsenopyrite while having little influence on chalcopyrite flotation. The addition of calcium hypochlorite facilitated the adsorption of fulvic acid on arsenopyrite surface.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Bo Hao, Minqiang Fan
Summary: Particle-bubble attachment is crucial in coal and mineral flotation processes. In this study, the attachment process of low-rank coal particles to the bubble surface was simulated, revealing the important role of water film rupture in particle attachment.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shuwei Wu, Shuai Wang, Guoqiang Wang, Longfei Fan, Jianbo Guo, Zhengbin Liu, Haoyan Zhang, Wei Guan, Yukuan Wang, Yewei Wu
Summary: This study analyzes the motion mode of eccentric roller crushers and proposes a calculation method for productivity. Through laboratory experiments, the results indicate that the proposed method can effectively estimate the productivity of eccentric roll crushers.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hanna Miettinen, Malin Bomberg, Ozlem Bicak, Zafir Ekmekci, Paivi Kinnunen
Summary: Mineral processing requires large amounts of water, and reducing water consumption through recirculation and closing water loops is important. However, this can lead to the accumulation of contaminants in the process water, which can negatively affect the process performance. In this study, the impact of microorganisms on flotation performance was investigated, and ion exchange was evaluated for removing dissolved sulfur species and microorganisms from water. The results showed that adding microorganisms had a positive effect on flotation selectivity, especially for nickel. Different water types, process water and final tailings water, behaved slightly differently. Ion exchange proved to be effective in removing sulfur species and microorganisms, and dissolved air flotation was a successful pretreatment for ion exchange in removing microorganisms.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Canneng Chen, Song Zhang, Quanjun Liu, Luzheng Chen, Yongjun Xian, Yijie Wang
Summary: This study introduces the use of ultrasonic pretreatment to enhance the flotation separation of elemental sulfur and silver-bearing lead minerals from ultrafine residue. The results show that ultrasonic pretreatment effectively liberates associated sulfur and improves the separation of sulfur and silver-bearing lead minerals. Under optimized conditions, ultrasonic pretreatment significantly improves the recovery and grade of sulfur in the concentrate, as well as the recovery of lead and silver in the tailings.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Genzhuang Li, Fisher Wang, Bern Klein, Michael Deal, Aaron Wright, Hector Mezquita
Summary: This paper presents a stress-based approach for predicting and improving large-scale HIG mill performance through experimental testing and model calibration.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Runpeng Liao, Shuming Wen, Jian Liu, Shaojun Bai, Qicheng Feng
Summary: This study demonstrates that the use of a DDA/DDTC mixed collector system can significantly improve the flotation performance of smithsonite. The synergistic effect between DDA and DDTC is confirmed, and the mixed collector system contributes to a decrease in solution surface tension. The use of FT-IR and XPS confirms the simultaneous physisorption and chemisorption of DDA and DDTC on the smithsonite surface, and contact angle measurements show that the mixed collector effectively enhances the hydrophobicity of smithsonite. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal the multilayer adsorption of DDTC and DDA on the smithsonite surface, with DDTC promoting the adsorption of DDA.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)