Article
Law
Alan R. Felthous
Summary: The U.S. Supreme Court's recent Kahler decision deemed Kansas' abolition of the insanity defense constitutional, but failed to recognize the significance of rationality in criminal mental responsibility. By mischaracterizing the mens rea defense, the Court overlooked the constitutional requirement for rationality and the success of insanity acquittee dispositions with improved treatment. This judgement reflects a public policy that further criminalizes and punishes individuals with mental illness rather than providing appropriate and timely treatment.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PSYCHIATRY AND THE LAW
(2022)
Article
Law
Marta Bo
Summary: This paper discusses the issue of establishing responsibility for the war crime of indiscriminate attacks in the context of attacks performed with semi-autonomous weapons or with the support of artificial intelligence. The author presents the difficulties determined by the interaction between humans and machines, and explores the application of mens rea in this scenario.
JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL JUSTICE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Tianyu Liu, Zhixiong Xu, Lei Cao, Guowei Tan
Summary: This paper introduces a multitasking-based multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for selecting appropriate channels for two classification tasks simultaneously, with experimental results confirming its feasibility.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Law
J. J. Child, Adrian Hunt
Summary: This article discusses the use of mens rea terms in criminal law, focusing on how current definitions fail to effectively cover future conduct offenses. The authors argue that the present definitions and analysis are inadequate for targeting elements related to future conduct, proposing more appropriate conceptualization methods.
OXFORD JOURNAL OF LEGAL STUDIES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Amin Zammouri, Abdelaziz Ait Moussa, Sylvain Chevallier
Summary: In the context of learning environments, this study introduces a new architecture using a multi-agent-based approach to assist learners, generating adaptive learning content and interactions based on electroencephalogram. The study also presents an unsupervised approach to estimate and recognize the learner's cognitive load by analyzing brain rhythms. Experimental results demonstrate the accuracy of the approach in describing the learner's mental efforts and cognitive load.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Law
Findlay Stark
Summary: This article discusses the criminal law doctrine of transferred malice and points out the overlooked phenomenon of recycled malice. The article argues that there is no convincing justification for the recycling of mens rea.
CAMBRIDGE LAW JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Kogulan Paulmurugan, Vimalan Vijayaragavan, Sayantan Ghosh, Parasuraman Padmanabhan, Balazs Gulyas
Summary: fNIRS is a wearable optical spectroscopy system used to monitor brain function by measuring blood oxygen concentration, and recent advancements in brain-computer interfacing have enabled control of neuron function. This technology has potential for further applications.
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Satya P. Singh, Sachin Mishra, Sukrit Gupta, Parasuraman Padmanabhan, Lu Jia, Teo Kok Ann Colin, Yeo Tseng Tsai, Teo Kejia, Pramod Sankarapillai, Anand Mohan, Balazs Gulyas
Summary: This review examines the application of brain-computer interfacing in rehabilitation, neuro-prosthetics, and neurofeedback. By analyzing research and neuroimaging experiments, the functionally active areas of the brain in non-invasive brain-computer interfacing are identified. The paper also discusses the challenges and limitations of BCI and proposes ways to overcome security issues and design implementations.
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Marios Hadjiaros, Kleanthis Neokleous, Andria Shimi, Marios N. N. Avraamides, Constantinos S. S. Pattichis
Summary: This article explores the popular approaches and best practices for designing and implementing cognitive gaming interventions that combine Brain Computer Interface (BCI) systems with Virtual Reality (VR). It focuses on interventions targeting cognitive skills related to perception, visuospatial attention, and visuospatial memory. The article reviews commonly used techniques and algorithms for data preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification in such interventions. It also discusses issues such as BCI paradigms, action tasks and environments, user characteristics, algorithms, channels, accuracy, and notable findings. The article concludes with a discussion on current challenges, limitations, future research directions, and potential commercial applications of BCI-VR in cognitive gaming.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Zhihan Lv, Liang Qiao, Qingjun Wang, Francesco Piccialli
Summary: The brain-computer interface (BCI) connects the brain to the external world through an information transmission channel interpreting physiological information during thinking activities. Combining transfer learning algorithm and improved CSP algorithm can construct a data classification model to improve the classification accuracy of EEG signals in the BCI system.
IEEE-ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hongpeng Wang, Yang Zhang, Ming Tian, Zhenhua Wang, Yuan Ding
Summary: This paper examines the impact of corporate charitable donations on innovation investment under different motivations. The study finds that altruistic motivation-oriented donations have an inverted U-shaped effect on innovation investment, while tool motivation-oriented donations have a U-shaped effect. Furthermore, it is discovered that for special treatment (ST) companies, tool motivation-oriented charitable donations have a significant negative effect on innovation investment. State-ownership enhances the inverted U-shaped relationship between altruistic motivation-oriented donations and innovation investment but weakens the U-shaped relationship between tool motivation-oriented donations and innovation investment.
Article
Law
Alan R. Felthous
Summary: The recent decision by the United States Supreme Court found that an insanity defense based on moral incapacity is not constitutionally required, allowing states to abolish their insanity defense. Unfortunately, the Court's opinion did not consider irrationality, which is traditionally and universally seen as a crucial element of insanity standards. This perspective review aims to clarify and disambiguate the concepts of instrumental and rational capacities as applied to insanity standards, in order to meet the Court's criteria for constitutionally required due process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LAW AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Ethics
Niel Henk Conradie
Summary: The introduction of Autonomous Military Systems (AMS) raises concerns about attributing responsibility in scenarios involving these systems. The author argues that recognizing the interrelated context in which these systems will be deployed and including collective responsibility can assuage these concerns. They propose expanding responsibility practices to close otherwise intractable techno-responsibility gaps.
ETHICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Applied
Michael R. MacIntyre, William C. Darby, Alexander C. Sones, Jesse Li, Gregory B. Leong, Robert Weinstock
Summary: Voluntary intoxication does not qualify for an insanity defense, but it can affect the formation of the specific intent required for a crime. Mens rea defense can reduce a first-degree murder charge to a lesser offense, such as manslaughter, depending on the jurisdiction.
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAW
(2021)
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Sikander Khan, Farida Khan, Qurat Ul Ain Sikander, Muhammad Mansoor Alam, Mazliham Mohd Su'Ud
Summary: Brain stimulation is increasingly being favored over pharmacological treatments for neurological conditions when the latter proves ineffective. This article covers the pathophysiology of Parkinson's Disease, current pharmacological treatments and deep brain stimulation as a last resort. It also provides a comprehensive analysis of intelligent deep brain stimulation methods from studies conducted in the past five years, as well as discussing research gaps and challenges.
Article
Ethics
Giulio Mecacci, Pim Haselager
SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS
(2019)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Marcello Ienca, Pim Haselager, Ezekiel J. Emanuel
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Cad Verbaarschot, Pim Haselager, Jason Farquhar
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Correction
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Marcello Ienca, Pim Haselager, Ezekiel J. Emanuel
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Letter
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Marcello Ienca, Pim Haselager, Ezekiel J. Emanuel
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Robotics
Anco Peeters, Pim Haselager
Summary: The study suggests that virtue ethics can address ethical issues raised by sex robots, by evaluating and comparing human-robot relationships, and proposing recommendations for cultivating compassion in the design of sex robots.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ROBOTICS
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Laurens R. Krol, Pim Haselager, Thorsten O. Zander
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ceci Verbaarschot, Jason Farquhar, Pim Haselager
Article
Ethics
N. A. J. Cornelissen, R. J. M. van Eerdt, H. K. Schraffenberger, W. F. G. Haselager
Summary: The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence has increased human reliance on machine decision making. A proposed 'reflection machine' system prompts users to critically evaluate their decisions through question asking. A proof-of-concept implementation of this system has been demonstrated in the medical and law domains.
ETHICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Philosophy
Marsia Santa Barbera, Willem Ferdinand Geradus Haselager
RIVISTA INTERNAZIONALE DI FILOSOFIA E PSICOLOGIA
(2020)
Correction
Engineering, Biomedical
Laurens R. Krol, Pim Haselager, Thorsten O. Zander
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Sophie van der Woerdt, Pim Haselager
NEW IDEAS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2019)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Information Systems
Anna Spagnolli, Lily E. Frank, Pim Haselager, David Kirsh
SYMBIOTIC INTERACTION, SYMBIOTIC 2017
(2018)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Sophie van der Woerdt, Pim Haselager
BNAIC 2016: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
(2017)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Josca van Houwelingen-Snippe, Jered Vroon, Gwenn Englebienne, Pim Haselager
2017 26TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ROBOT AND HUMAN INTERACTIVE COMMUNICATION (RO-MAN)
(2017)