Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Paddy McCrossan, Dara O'Donoghue, James Charles McElnay, Michael D. D. Shields
Summary: Incorrect inhaler technique and non-adherence to inhaled preventer therapy often result in poorly controlled asthma. Detecting and correcting non-adherence has been challenging, and recent evidence shows that critical errors in inhaler technique occur at home. Remote video directly observed therapy (vDOT) has emerged as a potentially useful tool for addressing non-adherence and correcting inhaler technique errors in a timely manner.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
J. Molina-Luna, R. Gutierrez-Castrejon, D. E. Ceballos-Herrera
Summary: This article introduces a passive optical network called Super-PON, which has a transmission distance of 50 km and 64 ONUs, providing high-speed transmission for sparsely populated areas. In order to solve the problem of signal loss, a solution using SOA and avalanche photodiodes is proposed, and its technical feasibility is demonstrated through numerical simulation. The research results show that using PAM-4 modulation and THP precoding technology can effectively improve the transmission quality.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chinazom Precious Agbo, Timothy Chukwuebuka Ugwuanyi, Wilfred Ikechukwu Ugwuoke, Christopher McConville, Anthony Amaechi Attama, Kenneth Chibuzor Ofokansi
Summary: In remote areas of Africa, intranasal administration of ATS-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers could serve as a satisfactory alternative for the treatment of severe and cerebral malaria.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adriano G. Garcia, Walter Mesquita Filho, Carlos A. H. Flechtmann, Julie L. Lockwood, Juan A. Bonachela
Summary: This study analyzed 26 years of data using regime shift theory to understand how climate changes affect the structure of a dung beetle community. The study found that climate factors may cause an ecological transition and provided insight into the stability of the community against climate changes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Marie C. D. Stoner, Allysha C. Maragh-Bass, Adam C. Sukhija-Cohen, Parya Saberi
Summary: This study conducted a scoping review to understand the current evidence on the acceptability, feasibility, and efficacy of digital directly observed therapy (DOT) to improve medication adherence, specifically in the context of HIV prevention, care, and treatment. The results showed that digital DOT is acceptable and feasible, but has not been used to remotely monitor and support ART adherence for people living with HIV.
HIV RESEARCH & CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
J. M. Mangan, J. Burzynski, B. Rey deCastro, M. M. Salerno, C. K. Lam, M. Macaraig, M. Reaves, S. Kiskadden-Bechtel, S. Bowers, C. Sathi, M. P. Dias, N. D. Goswami, A. Vernon
Summary: Electronic directly observed therapy (eDOT) has been proposed as an alternative to traditional in-person DOT (ipDOT) for monitoring adherence to TB treatment. The study found that, in problem situations, eDOT was more likely to successfully observe medication intake compared to ipDOT.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Judith Tsui, Brian G. Leroux, Andrea C. Radick, Zachery A. Schramm, Kendra Blalock, Colleen Labelle, Matthew Heerema, Jared W. Klein, Joseph O. Merrill, Andrew J. Saxon, Jeffrey H. Samet, Theresa W. Kim
Summary: The pilot study evaluating the feasibility of video directly observed therapy (DOT) for patients initiating buprenorphine did not show better outcomes for opioid use disorder (OUD) compared to treatment-as-usual (TAU). The low rates of intervention use may have contributed to these findings.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Pingping Ren, Luying Lu, Shasha Cai, Jianghua Chen, Weiqiang Lin, Fei Han
Summary: Alternative splicing is a complex regulatory mechanism that affects a large percentage of genes and organs, aberrant splicing can lead to various diseases, though its association with autoimmune diseases requires further examination.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
J. Mercier, M. Ruffin, H. Corvol, L. Guillot
Summary: Cystic fibrosis is a rare genetic disease that mainly affects the lungs, but patients' life expectancy has increased due to advancements in patient care and development of new drugs. Gene therapy remains an attractive alternative despite the development of CFTR correctors and potentiators.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Will Stone, Almahamoudou Mahamar, Merel J. Smit, Koualy Sanogo, Youssouf Sinaba, Sidi M. Niambele, Adama Sacko, Sekouba Keita, Oumar M. Dicko, Makonon Diallo, Seydina O. Maguiraga, Siaka Samake, Oumar Attaher, Kjerstin Lanke, Rob Ter Heine, John Bradley, Matthew B. B. McCall, Djibrilla Issiaka, Sekou F. Traore, Teun Bousema, Chris Drakeley, Alassane Dicko
Summary: By combining with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, three single low doses of tafenoquine can effectively reduce the infection and transmission rates of Plasmodium falciparum. Tafenoquine is well tolerated and can accelerate the clearance of gametocytes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Joseph Burzynski, Joan M. Mangan, Chee Kin Lam, Michelle Macaraig, Marco M. Salerno, B. Rey deCastro, Neela D. Goswami, Carol Y. Lin, Neil W. Schluger, Andrew Vernon
Summary: In this study, electronic DOT was found to be noninferior to in-person DOT in terms of completed medication doses. This trial provides evidence supporting the efficacy of digital adherence technology and the inclusion of electronic DOT in standard care.
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Mradul Mohan, Debapriya Bhattacharya
Summary: The emergence of drug-resistant strains has worsened the situation; limited success has been achieved in antibiotic development; intracellular pathogens manipulate host factors, causing excessive inflammation and pathology.
COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY & HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING
(2021)
Letter
Respiratory System
Mizuki Yuge, Shinsuke Hori, Kenta Ushida, Ryo Momosaki
Summary: Exercise adherence is a common concern in pulmonary rehabilitation for COPD. As some individuals prefer singing to physical exercise, the use of karaoke may serve as a feasible alternative for COPD pulmonary rehabilitation.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dong Xue, Takatsugu Wakahara, Kazuhiro Marumoto, Kazuhito Tsukagoshi
Summary: The charge transfer characteristics of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be effectively modified using fullerene-passivated SnO2 electron transport layers (ETLs). This study investigates the charge accumulation states over time using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, and demonstrates that C60 pyrrolidine tris-acid (CPTA) outperforms [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) in terms of accumulated charges, location of charge accumulation, and charge trap depth. Direct observation of charge accumulation states on fullerenes of the fullerene-passivated SnO2 ETLs under light irradiation is crucial for optimizing cell structures and improving the efficiency and stability of solar cells.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dong Xue, Takatsugu Wakahara, Kazuhiro Marumoto, Kazuhito Tsukagoshi
Summary: The charge transfer characteristics of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be effectively modified using fullerene-passivated SnO2 electron transport layers (ETLs), which act as electron injection components. This study used electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to investigate the charge accumulation states of two fullerenes layered with SnO2. The results showed that a C60 pyrrolidine tris-acid (CPTA) performed better than [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) in terms of accumulated charges, location of charge accumulation, and charge trap depth. The findings are crucial for optimizing cell structures and improving the efficiency and stability of PSCs.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
