Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nestor J. Zaluzec
Summary: Aberration correction in the analytical transmission electron microscope has been closely associated with advancements in high-resolution imaging. This paper demonstrates that by combining this technology with new system designs that optimize electron optics and x-ray detection, performance has improved by more than tenfold over the past 25 years.
MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shaodong Zhou, Kelei Xi, Songlin Zhuang, Qingqing Cheng
Summary: This study introduces a terahertz metalens with spherical aberration correction that utilizes dynamic phase for polarization multiplexed imaging. The metalens shows high imaging efficiencies and extinction ratios, exceeding 50% and 10:1 respectively. It offers a new approach for achieving multifunctional beam steering, tomographic imaging, and chiroptical detection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jiamin Wu, Yuduo Guo, Chao Deng, Anke Zhang, Hui Qiao, Zhi Lu, Jiachen Xie, Lu Fang, Qionghai Dai
Summary: The article introduces an integrated scanning light-field imaging sensor that enables high-speed aberration-corrected three-dimensional photography. The sensor captures extra-fine four-dimensional light-field distributions through a vibrating coded microlens array, allowing for flexible and precise synthesis of complex-field-modulated images. Experimental results demonstrate that the sensor achieves high-performance photography and accurate depth mapping in different environments.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
F. K. Janiak, P. Bartel, M. R. Bale, T. Yoshimatsu, E. Komulainen, M. Zhou, K. Staras, L. L. Prieto-Godino, T. Euler, M. Maravall, T. Baden
Summary: This study presents a low-cost, easily implemented and flexible design for two-photon microscopy, expanding the 3D field of view and allowing the bending of imaging planes to follow natural curvatures in biological structures.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Kalani Moore, Ursel Bangert, Michele Conroy
Summary: Advancements in electron microscopy have allowed for the exploration of the complex nature of ferroelectric topological defects, observing changes in polarization, chemical composition, charge density, and strain. Current achievements include mapping the 3D nature of ferroelectric polar skyrmions and in situ biasing. The research focuses on understanding the fundamental physics and dynamics of domain wall and polar vortex formation in ferroelectrics.
Article
Acoustics
Moein Mozaffarzadeh, Dirk J. Eric Verschuur, Martin D. Verweij, Nico de Jong, Guillaume Renaud
Summary: In this study, a technique for correcting aberration caused by the skull and reconstructing a transcranial B-mode image was proposed and implemented on a GPU. The results showed that the proposed technique achieved high-quality image reconstruction with minimal degradation in lateral resolution.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sytze de Graaf, Majid Ahmadi, Ivan Lazic, Eric G. T. Bosch, Bart J. Kooi
Summary: STEM is the most commonly used tool for atomic scale characterization of two-dimensional materials, but damage-free imaging remains a challenge, especially when observing combinations of light and heavy elements, particularly when recording fast dynamic phenomena.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jan N. Hansen, An Gong, Dagmar Wachten, Rene Pascal, Alex Turpin, Jan F. Jikeli, U. Benjamin Kaupp, Luis Alvarez
Summary: The authors present an open-source 3D reconstruction algorithm for label-free tracking of spherical and filamentous structures using multifocal imaging, which they use to characterize fluid flow and flagellar beating of human and sea urchin sperm.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Cheng Zhang, Yupeng Wang, Yongkai Yin, Baoqing Sun
Summary: In this paper, a dual SPADs LiDAR system is built to correct the ranging error caused by the fluctuation of laser pulse energy. By adding a reference optical path, the flight time of signal photons is corrected by reference photons, achieving high precision ranging and 3D imaging.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Joseph Davidson, Alena Uus, Alexia Egloff Collado, Milou Van Poppel, Jacqueline Matthew, Johannes Steinweg, Maria Deprez, Michael Aertsen, Jan Deprest, Mary Rutherford
Summary: This study calculates 3D-segmented total lung volume in fetuses with thoracic anomalies using deformable slice-to-volume registration (DSVR) and compares it with 2D-manual segmentation. The results show high correlation between DSVR-derived volumes and traditional 2D-derived volumes, with DSVR being more reliable due to higher resolution and semi-automated calculations.
PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
Moein Mozaffarzadeh, Eric Verschuur, Martin D. Verweij, Verya Daeichin, Nico De Jong, Guillaume Renaud
Summary: In this article, a synthetic aperture imaging scheme with refraction correction is proposed for transcranial ultrasound imaging. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the conventional technique in terms of scatterer localization and contrast.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Optics
Egidijus Auksorius, Dawid Borycki, Maciej Wojtkowski
Summary: By using a long multimode fiber with a small core, the spatial coherence of the laser can be reduced for ultrafast imaging of the cornea without risking the retina.
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Preety Rawal, Dinesh M. Tripathi, Seeram Ramakrishna, Savneet Kaur
Summary: Three-dimensional bioprinting technology is emerging to address limitations in current organoid technologies, showing success in printing stem cells and organoids. Vascularization strategies for bioprinted organoids are critical for achieving complex tissue organization. Harnessing and directing advancements in 3D bioprinting is essential for realizing the translational applications of organoids in disease modeling and regenerative medicine.
BIO-DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yuzhuo Zhang, Yaqin Sun, Nan Gao, Zhaozong Meng, Zonghua Zhang
Summary: This study proposed a phase target method based on projector radial chromatic aberration measurement and calibration to improve the color fringing issue in a color fringe projection 3D measurement system. Experimental results showed that the proposed method effectively measured and calibrated the radial chromatic aberration of the projector, leading to improved projection quality.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Martin Georg Zeilinger, Karl-Philipp Kunze, Camila Munoz, Radhouene Neji, Michaela Schmidt, Pierre Croisille, Rafael Heiss, Wolfgang Wuest, Michael Uder, Rene Michael Botnar, Christoph Treutlein, Claudia Prieto
Summary: The efficacy of an in-line non-rigid motion-compensated reconstruction (NRC) in an image-navigated high-resolution three-dimensional late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) sequence with Dixon water-fat separation was investigated in a clinical setting. The study found that NRC outperformed translational motion-compensated reconstructions (TC) in overall image quality, contrast ratios, and LGE quantification. The sharper depictions of LGE in NRC may lead to more accurate measurements.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chunyang Wang, Xuelong Wang, Rui Zhang, Tianjiao Lei, Kim Kisslinger, Huolin L. Xin
Summary: In this study, the intralayer transition motifs at complex phase boundaries in high-Ni cathodes are resolved using deep-learning-aided super-resolution electron microscopy. The structural transition motifs revealed provide further understanding of shear-induced phase transformations and phase boundaries in high-Ni layered cathodes.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xueli Zheng, Xin Gao, Rafael A. Vila, Yue Jiang, Jingyang Wang, Rong Xu, Rui Zhang, Xin Xiao, Pu Zhang, Louisa C. Greenburg, Yufei Yang, Huolin L. Xin, Xiaolin Zheng, Yi Cui
Summary: Researchers have developed a hydrogen-substituted graphdiyne-assisted ultrafast sparking synthesis (GAUSS) platform for the preparation of metastable nanomaterials. By controlling the composition and chemistry of the hydrogen-substituted graphdiyne aerogel framework, the reaction temperature can be tuned from 1,640 K to 3,286 K. The versatility of the GAUSS platform has been demonstrated through the successful synthesis of single atoms, high-entropy alloys, and high-entropy oxides.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fangqing Wang, Ying Li, Rui Zhang, Hui Liu, Yangyang Zhang, Xuerong Zheng, Jun Zhang, Cong Chen, Shijian Zheng, Huolin L. Xin
Summary: A Si-doped Ni-NC catalyst (Ni-SiNC) with high activity and excellent stability was reported in this work. The single-atom Ni site in Ni-SiNC is coordinated with one Si atom and three N atoms, forming a Ni-Si1N3 moiety. The Ni-SiNC catalyst exhibits a half-wave potential of 0.866 V versus RHE and only a 10 mV negative shift in E-1/2 after 35,000 cycles, demonstrating its remarkable durability and stability.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wenjun He, Rui Zhang, Da Cao, Ying Li, Jun Zhang, Qiuyan Hao, Hui Liu, Jianling Zhao, Huolin L. Xin
Summary: In this study, a self-supported microporous Ni(OH)x/Ni3S2 heterostructure electrocatalyst was designed and fabricated, exhibiting exceptional performance in alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at large current density. The electrocatalyst possesses super-hydrophilic property and long-term durability.
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Javier Junquera, Yousra Nahas, Sergei Prokhorenko, Laurent Bellaiche, Jorge iniguez, Darrell G. Schlom, Long-Qing Chen, Sayeef Salahuddin, David A. Muller, Lane W. Martin, R. Ramesh
Summary: The past decade has witnessed significant progress in understanding emergent topological polar textures in oxide nanostructures, including vortices, skyrmions, merons, hopfions, dipolar waves, and labyrinthine domains. The discovery of low-dimensional ferroelectric oxide nanostructures has altered the perceived energy cost associated with the formation of these structures, allowing for manipulation of order parameters. This review provides a historical context, scientific description, and discussion of the potential applications and future challenges in this field.
REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yao Yang, Yu-Tsun Shao, Jianbo Jin, Julian Feijoo, Inwhan Roh, Sheena Louisia, Sunmoon Yu, Maria V. Fonseca Guzman, Chubai Chen, David A. Muller, Hector D. Abruna, Peidong Yang
Summary: The design and synthesis of nanocatalysts with well-defined sizes, compositions, and structures have greatly enhanced our ability to control catalyst activity and selectivity for energy-related electrochemical reactions. By using operando electrochemical liquid-cell scanning transmission electron microscopy (EC-STEM), the dynamic evolution of Cu nanocatalysts during CO2 electroreduction was observed, providing valuable insights into their active states. With further technical advancements, operando EC-STEM is expected to become a powerful electroanalytical method for studying nanoscale electrocatalysts at solid/liquid interfaces.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Marco Sanna Angotzi, Valentina Mameli, Dominika Zakutna, Fausto Secci, Huolin L. Xin, Carla Cannas
Summary: Cubic bi-magnetic hard-soft core-shell nanoarchitectures were synthesized using cobalt ferrite nanoparticles as seeds. The study investigated the formation mechanism of homogenous and heterogenous nucleation and found the critical size for phase separation and absence of seeds for heterogenous nucleation. These findings have implications for tailoring the synthesis process to achieve better control of magnetic and performance properties for applications in heat mediation and data storage devices.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chunyang Wang, Han Wang, Lei Tao, Xinyi Wang, Penghui Cao, Feng Lin, Huolin L. Xin
Summary: By combining in situ electron microscopy and atomistic simulations, the nucleation and growth mechanisms of Li metal on carbon are deciphered at the nanoscale. It is found that Li atoms rapidly aggregate to form droplet-shaped nanoparticles upon nucleation and tend to coalesce through diffusion mediated fusion. The nucleation of Li follows a mixed mode and the droplet-like Li particles transform into faceted crystals driven by surface energy minimization as the particle size increases. The coalescence and morphological evolution of Li particles are facilitated by size-dependent Li diffusivity. This work provides new insights into the deposition/stripping mechanism of Li metal by unraveling the fundamental nano- and atomic-scale pathways dominating nucleation and growth behaviors.
ACS ENERGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhaohui Wu, Chunyang Wang, Zeyu Hui, Haodong Liu, Shen Wang, Sicen Yu, Xing Xing, John Holoubek, Qiushi Miao, Huolin L. L. Xin, Ping Liu
Summary: Controlling the nucleation and growth is essential for enabling long-life Li-metal batteries. Here, the authors report the growth of faceted single-crystalline Li seeds on a lithiophobic Fe/LiF composite substrate that enables dense Li deposition under fast-charging conditions. A cell using a 3 mAh cm(-2) LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (LiNMC811) cathode, onefold excess of lithium and 3 g Ah(-1) electrolyte cycles at a 1 C rate for more than 130 cycles with 80% capacity retention, a 550% improvement over the baseline cells. These findings advance the understanding of lithium nucleation and pave the way for realizing high-energy, fast-charging Li-metal batteries.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ethan G. Arnault, Athby H. Al-Tawhid, Salva Salmani-Rezaie, David A. Muller, Divine P. Kumah, Mohammad S. Bahramy, Gleb Finkelstein, Kaveh Ahadi
Summary: A two-dimensional, anisotropic superconductivity was found at the KTaO3(111) interfaces, which violates the Pauli limit and is robust against in-plane magnetic field. The study shows that the Cooper pairs are more resilient when the bias is along [112] and the magnetic field is along [110]. The anisotropic nature of superconductivity is discussed in the context of electronic structure, orbital character, and spin texture at the KTaO3(111) interfaces.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Megan E. Holtz, Elliot Padgett, Aaron C. Johnston-Peck, Igor Levin, David A. Muller, Andrew A. Herzing
Summary: Measuring local polar ordering is crucial for understanding ferroelectricity in thin films. The cepstral approach allows us to determine the local polar displacements that drive ferroelectricity from nanobeam electron diffraction patterns. Experimental results demonstrate that this technique achieves a precision of 1.1 pm in mapping polar displacements with nanometer resolution.
MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zeming Sun, Darrah K. Dare, Zhaslan Baraissov, David A. Muller, Michael O. Thompson, Matthias U. Liepe
Summary: It has been believed that intermetallic Nb3Sn alloys form through Sn diffusion into Nb. However, our findings of significant oxygen content in Nb3Sn led us to investigate alternative formation mechanisms. Through experiments with different oxide interfaces, we have demonstrated a thermodynamic route that challenges the conventional Sn diffusion mechanism and highlights the involvement of a SnOx intermediate phase. This new mechanism provides principles for growth optimization and synthesis of high-quality Nb3Sn superconductors.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
L. van Deurzen, J. Singhal, J. Encomendero, N. Pieczulewski, C. S. Chang, Y. Cho, D. A. Muller, H. G. Xing, D. Jena, O. Brandt, J. Laehnemann
Summary: Using low-temperature cathodoluminescence spectroscopy, the properties of N- and Al- polar AlN layers grown on bulk AlN{0001} by molecular beam epitaxy are studied. Both polarities of layers exhibit a suppression of deep-level luminescence compared to the bulk AlN substrate, a total absence of the prevalent donor with an exciton binding energy of 28 meV, and a much increased intensity of the emission from free excitons. The dominant donor in these layers has an associated exciton binding energy of 13 meV. Additionally, the observation of excited exciton states up to the exciton continuum allows for the direct extraction of the Γ(5) free exciton binding energy of 57 meV.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ming Zhou, Dasol Yoon, Yao Yang, Lihua Zhang, Can Li, Hongsen Wang, Anju Sharma, Shaojie Jiang, David A. A. Muller, Heictor D. Abruna, Jiye Fang
Summary: We developed a simple method to synthesize uniform-sized (9 nm) CoMn2O4 spinel nano-octahedra with {101} facets. Compared to their spherical counterparts and previously reported spinel electrocatalysts, these nano-octahedra exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media. They achieved a high mass activity (MA) of 60.0 A/g at 0.85 V, surpassing their spherical counterparts (38.6 A/g). The CoMn2O4 nano-octahedra also showed favorable stability, maintaining an MA of 47.2 A/g after 10,000 durability cycles. This study highlights the promising approach of synthesizing advanced spinel nanooxides with controlled crystal facets for nonprecious metal ORR electrocatalysts, emphasizing the significance of catalyst shape control.
ACS ENERGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chunyang Wang, Xuelong Wang, Peichao Zou, Rui Zhang, Shefang Wang, Bohang Song, Ke-Bin Low, Huolin L. Xin
Summary: Understanding the chemomechanical degradation of layered oxide cathodes is crucial for the development of next-generation lithium-ion battery cathodes. Current understanding of their mechanical failure is limited to cracking, while our study reveals a stress-driven phase degradation mechanism caused by severe lattice bending and interlayer shear. This stress-driven phase transformation is a typical degradation modality widely existing in the material. Our work provides new insights into the mechanical deformation-induced phase transformation in layered oxide cathodes through deep-learning-aided super-resolution imaging and density functional theory calculations.
