Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ola E. E. Abdel-Sattar, Rasha Mosa Allam, Ahmed M. M. Al-Abd, Bharathi Avula, Kumar Katragunta, Ikhlas A. A. Khan, Ahmed M. M. El-Desoky, Shanaz O. O. Mohamed, Ali El-Halawany, Essam Abdel-Sattar, Meselhy R. R. Meselhy
Summary: The genus Phyllanthus has potential in the treatment of various diseases, and its extracts showed cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells. The methylene chloride fraction exhibited the strongest cytotoxic activity among all tested fractions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Bo Chen, Jing-Pu Zhang
Summary: BBR can alleviate DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by balancing cardiomyocyte autophagy and apoptosis. It exhibits biphasic dose-response effects in response to DOX, and the protective effects are mediated by Bcl-xL.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Egidijus Simoliunas, Daiva Jasmontaite, Algimantas Skinderskis, Ieva Rinkunaite, Milda Alksne, Mantas Liudvinaitis, Daiva Baltriukiene
Summary: Resistance to chemotherapeutic agents in cancer management is influenced by the mechanical environment of cancer cells. This study explored the impact of surface stiffness on the sensitivity of MCF-7 breast cancer cells to the commonly used drug doxorubicin. The findings demonstrated that the mechanical environment influenced MCF-7 proliferation, adhesion, and MAPK expression and activation, but did not affect its resistance to doxorubicin.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wonseon Ryu, Chul-Woo Park, Junghoon Kim, Hyungwoo Lee, Hyewon Chung
Summary: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in the elderly, and current treatments are invasive and carry the risk of infection. The pathogenic mechanism of AMD involves a combination of genetic predisposition and cellular senescence. Senolytic drugs, such as ABT-263, selectively eliminate senescent cells and have the potential to be a new treatment for AMD by targeting senescent retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Our study showed that ABT-263 can kill senescent ARPE-19 cells and alleviate retinal degeneration in a mouse model, suggesting it may be the first orally administered senolytic drug for AMD.
MOLECULES AND CELLS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sholpan Nurzhan, Zhibek Bekezhankyzy, Hong Ding, Nurken Berdigaliyev, Shynggys Sergazy, Alexander Gulyayev, Zarina Shulgau, Christopher R. Triggle, Mohamad Aljofan
Summary: The study reveals that the glucose-lowering drug metformin has anticancer properties, but its effectiveness and mechanism may vary depending on the glucose environment. The concentration of glucose can affect the antiproliferative potency and cellular mechanism of action of metformin.
Article
Polymer Science
Ionut-Cristian Radu, Catalin Zaharia, Ariana Hudita, Eugenia Tanasa, Octav Ginghina, Minodora Marin, Bianca Galateanu, Marieta Costache
Summary: In this study, Bombyx mori silk sericin nanocarriers loaded with doxorubicin were prepared using nanoprecipitation, showing potential in breast cancer therapy. Morphological, size, and chemical characterization revealed the formation of sericin nanoparticles in the 25-40 nm range, with specific interactions impacting drug delivery and release behavior. Biological investigation demonstrated high activity of the nanocarriers in inducing significant DNA damage in breast cancer cells.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kellie Jenkinson, Luis M. Liz-Marzan, Sara Bals
Summary: Electron tomography is an important technique for visualizing nanoparticle morphology. This article summarizes the experimental and computational development of various multimode tomography techniques and their role in overcoming materials science challenges. Current challenges and future directions of multimode tomography are also discussed.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Na Yeon Kim, Shaohong Cao, Karren L. More, Andrew R. Lupini, Jianwei Miao, Miaofang Chi
Summary: With the recent development of high-acquisition-speed pixelated detectors, 4D scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) has become available in high-resolution electron microscopy. It provides local information on materials that is challenging to extract from bulk techniques and extends conventional STEM imaging. However, the acquisition of 4D-STEM and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) simultaneously is currently not possible due to overlapping detector geometry. This study demonstrates the feasibility of modifying the detector geometry for overcoming this challenge and explores the use of a partial or defective detector for ptychographic structural imaging, enabling simultaneous multi-modal measurements with spectral information added to 4D datasets.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kevin M. Roccapriore, Shin-Hum Cho, Andrew R. Lupini, Delia J. Milliron, Sergei Kalinin
Summary: The spatial confinement of matter in functional nanostructures has positioned them at the forefront of nanoscience, serving as playgrounds for exotic physics and quantum phenomena as well as finding applications in various fields. Through modern synthesis processes and precise sculpting, the plasmonic response of nanoparticles can be effectively modified, offering a wide range of possibilities for nanophotonic design.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jong Hyeok Seo, Ji-Hwan Kwon
Summary: In this study, the electronic structure of Co(OH)2 was investigated using low current electron energy loss spectroscopy. The results showed that electron beam irradiation caused a transformation in the electronic structure of Co(OH)2 and led to the formation of Co3O4.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kunyen Liao, Kiyou Shibata, Teruyasu Mizoguchi
Summary: Grain boundaries significantly affect the coefficient of thermal expansion in polycrystals. This study used EELS to directly measure CTE in different types of grain boundaries, revealing variations in thermodynamic properties and demonstrating the potential of EELS for probing local thermal properties at nanometer-scale resolution.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yves Auad, Cyrille Hamon, Marcel Tence, Hugo Lourenco-Martins, Vahagn Mkhitaryan, Odile Stephan, F. Javier Garcia de Abajo, Luiz H. G. Tizei, Mathieu Kociak
Summary: Whispering-gallery mode resonators contain multiple trapped narrow-band circulating optical resonances, with potential applications in quantum electrodynamics, optomechanics, and sensing. Despite the challenges posed by the spherical symmetry and low field leakage of dielectric microspheres, the interaction between whispering-gallery modes and metallic nanoparticles can effectively excite high-quality cavity modes with the potential for optical sensing and light manipulation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Thomas Blum, Jeffery Graves, Michael J. Zachman, Felipe Polo-Garzon, Zili Wu, Ramakrishnan Kannan, Xiaoqing Pan, Miaofang Chi
Summary: Forming an ultra-thin, permeable encapsulation oxide-support layer on a metal catalyst surface is considered an effective strategy for achieving a balance between high stability and high activity in heterogenous catalysts, but identifying such a trace layer has been challenging. A new robust, unsupervised machine learning data analysis method has been developed to accurately reveal trace encapsulation layers in STEM-EELS datasets that are otherwise overlooked, providing a reliable tool for analyzing catalyst encapsulation.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Peter Tieu, Xingxu Yan, Mingjie Xu, Phillip Christopher, Xiaoqing Pan
Summary: The development of single atom catalysts (SACs) with carefully controlled properties has been driven by the need for atom efficient catalysts. Advances in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques, including aberration correction, spectroscopy, and in situ/operando observation, have enabled researchers to study SACs at an atomic scale, providing crucial information about their location, characteristics, and stability.
Article
Environmental Sciences
David Wertheim, Beverley Coldwell, Lisa Miyashita, Ian Gill, Simon Crust, Richard Giddens, Nemesio M. Perez, Nick Petford, Jonathan Grigg
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the 3D structure, elemental composition, and effects on cultured lung cells of particles collected from the La Palma volcanic eruption. The results showed that some particles had sharp or angular 3D appearance, and the adverse health effects associated with volcanic eruptions may be explained by the surface particle features.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Microscopy
Shengli Zhang, Ying Wang, Bowei Wang, Yi Zeng, Jiani Li, Xingyue Wang, Cuihua Hu, Zhankun Weng, Zuobin Wang
Summary: Curcumin was found to have effects on the activity, migration, and mitochondrial membrane potential of malignant hepatocytes and their mitochondria. The findings from both optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy studies confirm these effects on cell morphology and biomechanics.
Article
Microscopy
Rutika Sansaria, Krishanu Dey Das, Alwin Poulose
Summary: This paper presents a method for quantifying Golgi dispersion images and classifying them using machine learning models. By applying automated image processing and segmentation, extracting features, and using different classifiers, accurate classification of Golgi images is achieved.
Article
Microscopy
Marjorie da Silva, Cintia Eleonora Lopes Justino, Fernando Henrique Carnimeo, Fernando Barbosa Noll, Johan Billen
Summary: This article describes the secretory glands in females of two species of Myzinum and discusses their homology with other glands in the Hymenoptera order. The study finds that the three glands, instead of the commonly believed two, are present in Myzinum species. However, the limited research on the structure, function, and evolution of female accessory glands in Hymenoptera prevents conclusive statements.
Article
Microscopy
Ping Hao, Wen Yin, Xi Chen, Shuangshuang Qin, Yue Yu, Yuan Yuan, Xiaoyu Quan, Bing Hu, Shouhai Chen, Yi Wu
Summary: This study confirmed the secretion of nano-scale exosomes-multivesicular bodies and the interaction of high endothelial cells (HECs) with lysosomes and mitochondria in the small intestine of laying birds. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence results showed the strong immunoreactivity of exosome-related proteins and autophagic-related proteins in the lamina propria of the small intestine. These findings reveal an innovative communication method among HECs in the small intestine.
Article
Microscopy
Stefan Talu, Robert S. Matos, Henrique Duarte da Fonseca Filho, Daniela Predoi, Simona Liliana Iconaru, Carmen Steluta Ciobanu, Liliana Ghegoiu
Summary: This study developed composite layers based on magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite and chitosan, and demonstrated their good biocompatibility and antifungal effects against osteosarcoma cells. The attachment and growth of the cells on the composite layers were promoted, while the growth of Candida albicans was inhibited. The morphological analysis revealed complex 3D patterns on the cancer cell surfaces on the magnesium-containing composite layers.