Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anthony L. Sylvester, David X. Zhang, Sophia Ran, Natalya S. Zinkevich
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in health and disease, with both beneficial and harmful effects. Different sources of ROS have different roles in various pathologies. NOX1 is associated with hypertension through ROS production, making it a promising therapeutic target. NOX2 and NOX4 produce hydrogen peroxide, influencing cellular processes. Increased ROS production from NOX5 contributes to atherosclerosis.
Review
Cell Biology
Jirong Lv, Xue Xiao, Mingxia Bi, Tingting Tang, Deao Kong, Meining Diao, Qian Jiao, Xi Chen, Chunling Yan, Xixun Du, Hong Jiang
Summary: ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channels) play a crucial role in linking the electrical activity of the cell membrane with cell metabolism. They have been found to be expressed in various cells and play important roles in neurodegenerative diseases. The KATP channel openers and inhibitors have protective effects on neurons by regulating neuronal excitability and neurotransmitter release, reducing abnormal protein aggregation and Ca2+ overload, and decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and microglia activation. However, KATP channels also exhibit dual effects in some cases.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
David Coe, Thanushiyan Poobalasingam, Hongmei Fu, Fabrizia Bonacina, Guosu Wang, Valle Morales, Annalisa Moregola, Nico Mitro, Kenneth Cp Cheung, Eleanor J. Ward, Suchita Nadkarni, Dunja Aksentijevic, Katiuscia Bianchi, Giuseppe Danilo Norata, Melania Capasso, Federica M. Marelli-Berg
Summary: The voltage-gated hydrogen channel 1 (Hvcn1) plays a critical role in protecting naive T cells from intracellular acidification during priming. Deficiency of Hvcn1 in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells leads to differences in T cell receptor signaling, cellular division, and death during the transition from naive to primed T cells. This is due to the different metabolic responses to intracellular acidification in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephenson B. Owusu, Elodie Hudik, Celine Ferard, Sophie Dupre-Crochet, Eric C. D. K. Addison, Kwasi Preko, Tania Bizouarn, Chantal Houee-Levin, Laura Baciou
Summary: Simulating oxidative stress with gamma irradiation leads to shortened half-lives of neutrophils but pre-activates surviving cells to produce superoxide anions. Incomplete assembly of the NADPH oxidase complex after irradiation significantly enhances neutrophil reactivity.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Misaki Matsumoto, Hikari Sawada, Kazumi Iwata, Masakazu Ibi, Nozomi Asaoka, Masato Katsuyama, Kaori Shintani-Ishida, Hiroshi Ikegaya, Shigehiko Takegami, Atsushi Umemura, Chihiro Yabe-Nishimura
Summary: Our study demonstrates that the use of the peptide boronic acid proteasome inhibitor bortezomib significantly enhances the luminescence of the chemiluminescent probe L-012, improving the detection sensitivity of superoxide without affecting background levels. This enhancement is effective in both cell-based and cell-free systems, highlighting a novel feature of bortezomib as a powerful enhancer for the detection of superoxide.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Benliang Deng, Jing Zhao, Yumeng Zhang, Yipu Fan, Shan Tian
Summary: The role of exogenous ATP in regulating antioxidant response and Cd accumulation in maize seedlings under heavy metal stress was investigated. The results showed that ATP alleviated Cd toxicity, enhanced antioxidant defense ability, and promoted Cd accumulation. This study provides new insights into enhancing heavy metal tolerance in plants through exogenous ATP application.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alex Peralvarez-Marin, Montse Sole, Judith Serrano, Alice Taddeucci, Belen Perez, Clara Penas, Gemma Manich, Marcel Jimenez, Pilar D'Ocon, Francesc Jimenez-Altayo
Summary: This study provides the first evidence that TRPV2 channels may modulate vascular tone by balancing opposing inputs from the endothelium and smooth muscle, leading to net vasodilation. The amplification of TRPV2 channel-induced activity by NO emphasizes the pathophysiological relevance of these findings.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shibo Sun, Weiping Xu, Yue Zhang, Yijia Yang, Qiang Ma, Jianqiang Xu
Summary: This study reveals that TrxR1 catalyzes the reduction of menadione in a Sec-independent manner, depending highly on Cys(498) instead. Mutation results showed that the U498C variant supported high-efficiency menadione reduction. The study also reveals that the Sec(498) of TrxR1 is the primary target of menadione.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elizabeth A. Sweeny, Andrew P. Hunt, Allison E. Batka, Simon Schlanger, Nicolai Lehnert, Dennis J. Stuehr
Summary: Nitric oxide (NO) serves as a ubiquitous cell signaling molecule, mediating various processes by activating or inactivating protein targets. Research shows that NO can increase NOX5 activity through heme-dependent effects, shedding light on NOX5 regulation and the impact of NO on hemeprotein activity.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matea Juric, Varun Rawat, Radhika Amaradhi, Jacek Zielonka, Thota Ganesh
Summary: In this study, a new Nox2 inhibitor, TG15-132, was discovered to prevent oxygen consumption and reactive oxygen species formation. It also showed inhibitory effects on the expression of inflammatory cytokines and iNOS. TG15-132 has a relatively long plasma half-life and excellent brain permeability, making it a potential neuroprotective agent. Furthermore, it does not exhibit toxicity on vital organs or blood biomarkers.
Review
Cell Biology
Kazumi Takaishi, Hiroyuki Kinoshita, Shingo Kawashima, Shinji Kawahito
Summary: This article discusses the critical role of superoxide in vascular redox signaling and the physiological and pathophysiological functions of NOX in vascular smooth muscle cells. NOX is associated with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and diabetes, and is regulated by various stimulants.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Piotr Szczepaniak, Mateusz Siedlinski, Diana Hodorowicz-Zaniewska, Ryszard Nosalski, Tomasz P. Mikolajczyk, Aneta M. Dobosz, Anna Dikalova, Sergey Dikalov, Joanna Streb, Katarzyna Gara, Pawel Basta, Jaroslaw Krolczyk, Joanna Sulicka-Grodzicka, Ewelina Jozefczuk, Anna Dziewulska, Blessy Saju, Iwona Laksa, Wei Chen, John Dormer, Maciej Tomaszewski, Pasquale Maffia, Marta Czesnikiewicz-Guzik, Filippo Crea, Agnieszka Dobrzyn, Javid Moslehi, Tomasz Grodzicki, David G. Harrison, Tomasz J. Guzik
Summary: Cardiovascular dysfunction in breast cancer survivors treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy is caused by the inhibitory phosphorylation of eNOS and increased ROS production by NADPH oxidases, especially by docetaxel. These effects can be prevented by Nox4 or Rock inhibitors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhicheng Wang, Weikang Bian, Yufeng Yan, Dai-Min Zhang
Summary: ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K-ATP channels) play important roles in cellular excitability and metabolism. Activation of K-ATP channels can repolarize the membrane potential and reduce the occurrence of arrhythmias. Under severe and prolonged anoxia, K-ATP channels open to decrease cellular excitability and prevent action potential generation. Small active molecules can enhance the opening of K-ATP channels, leading to membrane repolarization and decreased malignant arrhythmias. Mutations in K-ATP channels worsen the regulatory roles in mutation-related diseases. However, efficient treatments for patients with K-ATP channel mutations are still lacking.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mohammad Al-Mahdi Al-Karagholi
Summary: Migraine is a complex headache disorder involving various signaling pathways, with potassium channels playing a crucial role. Activation of potassium channels activates and sensitizes trigeminovascular neurons, leading to migraine attacks. Clinical trials have shown that potassium channel openers cause headache and migraine attacks associated with arterial dilation. Understanding the molecular structure and physiological function of potassium channels can provide insights into migraine pathophysiology and the development of potential treatments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas Muenzel, Andreas Daiber
Summary: Cardiovascular disease and drug-induced health side effects are often associated with an imbalance between reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and antioxidants. This review focuses on dysfunctional eNOS caused by RONS in the context of transportation noise exposure or chronic treatment with nitroglycerin (GTN). It also discusses various redox switches involved in the uncoupling process of eNOS.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Biology
John S. Clemmer, Robert L. Hester, W. Andrew Pruett
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
John S. Clemmer, W. Andrew Pruett, Robert L. Hester, Radu Iliescu, Thomas E. Lohmeierl
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Anesthesiology
Charles R. Sims, Luis R. Delima, Arthur Calimaran, Robert Hester, W. Andrew Pruett
ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA
(2018)
Article
Physiology
Lusha Xiang, Michael S. Thompson, John S. Clemmer, Peter N. Mittwede, Tazim Khan, Robert L. Hester
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
John S. Clemmer, Jessica L. Faulkner, Alex J. Mullen, Kenneth R. Butler, Robert L. Hester
BIOLOGY OF SEX DIFFERENCES
(2019)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
John S. Clemmer, W. Andrew Pruett, Robert L. Hester, Thomas E. Lohmeier
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John S. Clemmer, W. Andrew Pruett, Robert L. Hester
Summary: Clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate the effectiveness of chronic electrical stimulation of the carotid baroreflex for treating hypertension. Mathematical modeling using the HumMod simulator suggests that modulation of renal sympathetic nerve activity and atrial natriuretic peptide secretion are key factors contributing to blood pressure lowering during baroreflex activation therapy in obese hypertensive individuals.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
John S. Clemmer, W. Andrew Pruett
Summary: Heart failure is a leading cause of death and its prevalence is increasing. Therapies that have been effective in reducing mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) have not shown the same benefit in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). This study used a physiology model to simulate HFpEF and predict the effects of baroreflex activation therapy. The results suggest that the suppression of renal sympathetic nerve activity could be a primary determinant of the cardioprotective effects from baroreflex activation in HFpEF.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
John S. Clemmer, Taylor J. Ward, Seth T. Lirette
Summary: Heart failure is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with HFpEF accounting for half of all cases. HFpEF patients are typically older, female, and often have CKD. While drugs have shown benefits in HFrEF, their effects on HFpEF are unclear. Recent studies have found that SGLT2 inhibitors can reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in HFrEF patients. This study aimed to investigate the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on mortality and end stage renal disease in HFpEF patients.
Article
Physiology
Kyle H. Moore, John S. Clemmer
Summary: The translation discusses the potential exacerbation of glomerular hypertension in hypertensive CKD patients by DHP CCBs, while suggesting the value of T/L-type CCBs in the treatment of proteinuric renal disease.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)