Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yanlong Han, Gengrun Li, Fuguo Jia, Xiangyi Meng, Yanhao Chu, Peiyu Chen, Shigang Bai, Hongwei Zhao
Summary: The impact velocity has a significant impact on the probability and modes of rice breakage, with the initiation and propagation of single meridian cracks being an important mechanism. A conical region is formed below the contact region during high-velocity impact, leading to the production of multiple oblique meridian cracks with irregular propagation at the edge of the region.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Alexey Kashevnik, Walaa Othman, Igor Ryabchikov, Nikolay Shilov
Summary: The study introduces a camera-based meditation evaluation system that measures focus through breathing characteristics and body movement. They collected datasets for algorithm development and evaluation, showing that the proposed method can accurately estimate human activity during meditation practice.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Fubiao Lin, Qianhong Zhang
Summary: The research focuses on the investigation of a one-dimensional population balance equation with time independent but size dependent growth and breakage rate, which is solved analytically using the Lie group analysis method. The study presents symmetries, reduced equations, invariant solutions, explicit exact solutions, and unphysical solutions.
MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lena J. Stenke, Barbara Sacca
Summary: Synthetic DNA filaments mimic the structural and dynamic features of natural protein filaments by exploiting the programmability and predictable self-association of individual units. This study explores the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of linear structures grown from a ditopic DNA origami unit and reveals the kinetic aspects of filament growth that cannot be easily captured by postassembly studies. It provides insights into the thermodynamics and kinetics of hierarchical DNA origami assembly and shows how it can be mastered by the anisotropy of the building unit and its self-association mode.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xinshan Peng, Lingling Qi, Zhaofeng Wang, Xiaoqing Zhou, Chunlei Hua
Summary: This study investigates the movement and deformation of rock in protective layer mining through mathematical calculations and experiments. The results show that after mining, the roof mainly sinks slowly, while rock movement and fracture development relieve the pressure of the protected layer and provide a channel for gas drainage.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Zhuo Shen, Jinfei Ma, Ning Wang
Summary: This study aimed to develop a reliable assessment tool to evaluate children's crossing safety and identify developmental characteristics of their crossing abilities. By recording and projecting videos of street-crossing scenarios, the researchers successfully simulated a realistic crossing experience for children. The results showed significant associations between children's crossing safety and behavioral indicators, attentional indicators, and eye movement indicators, demonstrating the empirical validity of the assessment tool.
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Juan Felipe Escobar-Calderon, Joanna Chmist-Sikorska, Karel Douda
Summary: This study introduces and tests a high-frequency video analysis method for studying the potential for acute behavioral disturbance detection in bivalves. The method was compared to traditional valvometric evaluation using magnetic Hall sensors and showed similar levels of sensitivity and specificity.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Ergonomics
Ming Zhu, Guohui Li, Qin Huang, Daiqiang Li, Junfeng Du
Summary: Analyzing eye movements can reduce accidents. The results show that root mean square and movement frequency of gaze direction can be used to recognize unsafe behavior, and eye movement rules depend on operation types.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gunnar Schwarz, Monique Kuonen
Summary: This paper presents an experience with using videos to complement analytical chemistry lectures for undergraduate students. A detailed account of planning, production, and utilization of a video to review course content is provided. The analytical case study focuses on the determination of magnesium in well water samples using different methods, and student engagement and positive feedback are highlighted. Practical advice for producing similar videos is also given.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Biology
Maximiliano Nicolas Rodriguez, Debora Mical Campetella, Noelia Beatriz Carmona, Juan Jose Ponce, Martin Nazareno Parada
Summary: This study presents the first analysis of microbial mats in the Los Molles Formation in Argentina, revealing diverse microbial-induced sedimentary structures and a possible relationship with the trace fossil Trichichnus. The results confirm the bacterial origin of the microbial mats and suggest favorable paleoenvironmental conditions for their formation and development in the Los Molles Formation. The extensive microbial mats in the study area may have played an important role as a source of organic matter for hydrocarbon generation from the Los Molles Formation.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Lan Cui, Qian Sheng, You-kou Dong, Ming-xing Xie
Summary: This paper presents a unified elasto-plastic analysis of rock mass supported with fully ground bolts for deep tunnels. Two finite-difference algorithms are discussed depending on whether relative movement at the grout-bolt interface is considered, with parametric studies conducted to compare bolt force, rock displacement, and stress components. The proposed algorithms can be written into software for practical engineering applications in guiding rock bolt design.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN GEOMECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
C. Berges, A. Wain, R. Andujar, J. A. Naranjo, A. Gallego, E. Nieto, G. Herranz, R. Campana
Summary: Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) are electrochemical devices that efficiently convert hydrogen or other fuels into energy and heat, offering a promising and environmentally friendly alternative to mitigate the effects of climate change. This study explores the use of additive manufacturing processes, specifically Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), for anode supported SOFCs, highlighting the advantages in materials versatility and cost competitiveness.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ayse Eren, Botond Szilagyi, Justin L. Quon, Charles D. Papageorgiou, Zoltan K. Nagy
Summary: Control of crystal size distribution and shape is crucial in the pharmaceutical industries to meet critical quality attribute requirements. This study demonstrates the systematic design of a crystallization process for an API with challenges related to slow growth rates and high AR crystals. Application of immersion milling and temperature cycles to control crystal shape and size provides a pathway to achieve low AR and sufficiently large crystals.
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Sungbae Jo, Hyunjin Kim, Changho Song
Summary: This study evaluates the duration and frequency of mirror gaze, distraction, and preparation in two mirror therapy methods for stroke patients. The results suggest that unilateral mirror therapy using a screen may be an alternative option to increase stroke patients' attention towards the mirror.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
J. Jaegers, P. Spatz, S. Wirtz, V. Scherer
Summary: In this study, experiments were conducted using a single particle impact test facility, revealing that higher impact velocities led to more particle damage and smaller particles tended to be more breakage resistant. Furthermore, the quality of the pellets and the target material significantly influenced the particles' degradation behavior.
Article
Limnology
Caroline Scholze, Bo Barker Jorgensen, Hans Roy
Summary: Research indicates that sulfate-reducing microorganisms in the polar seabed exhibit strong psychrophilic adaptation, with maximum growth yield observed at lower temperatures. Yield is a more important parameter for microbial competition in marine sediments.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jan Henkel, Angela Vogts, Johannes Werner, Thomas R. Neu, Cathrin Sproeer, Boyke Bunk, Heide N. Schulz-Vogt
Summary: Species of the genus Sulfurimonas, including strains SoZ1 and GD2 isolated from the Black Sea and the Baltic Sea, exhibit autecological preferences for growth at specific temperature, pH and salinity ranges. They are capable of utilizing various electron donors and acceptors for chemolithoautotrophic and heterotrophic growth.
SYSTEMATIC AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Estelle Allan, Anne de Vernal, Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz, Jason P. Briner, Claude Hillaire-Marcel, Christof Pearce, Lorenz Meire, Hans Roy, Anders Moller Mathiasen, Mikkel Thy Nielsen, Jane Lund Plesner, Kerstin Perner
Summary: The study of sea-surface conditions and productivity changes in SW Greenland, northern Labrador Sea revealed variations influenced by high deglacial meltwater rates, maximum Early Holocene insolation, and Neoglacial cooling. These changes played a significant role in regional climate and environmental conditions.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Moein J. Veshareh, Kasper U. Kjeldsen, Alyssa J. Findlay, Hamidreza M. Nick, Hans Roy, Angeliki Marietou
Summary: Microbial sulfate reduction is the main source of hydrogen sulfide in offshore oil reservoirs, with nitrate, nitrite, and perchlorate being potential inhibitors. Nitrate inhibits sulfide accumulation by promoting sulfate reduction and sulfide oxidation, while nitrite is the most efficient inhibitor. Further field scale studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness of perchlorate as a souring mitigation agent.
INTERNATIONAL BIODETERIORATION & BIODEGRADATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katja Laufer-Meiser, Alexander B. Michaud, Markus Maisch, James M. Byrne, Andreas Kappler, Molly O. Patterson, Hans Roy, Bo Barker Jorgensen
Summary: The Arctic has the highest warming rates on Earth, and the glacial fjord ecosystems are sensitive to this warming, impacting iron cycling and bioavailability. Glacial retreat may reduce the flux of iron to coastal marine ecosystems, affecting biogeochemical processes. Further research is needed to fully understand the impacts of a melting Arctic on marine ecosystems.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Geology
Jiarui Liu, Gilad Antler, Andre Pellerin, Gareth Izon, Ingrid Dohrmann, Alyssa J. Findlay, Hans Roy, Shuhei Ono, Alexandra Turchyn, Sabine Kasten, Bo Barker Jorgensen
Summary: Sedimentary pyrite formation is closely linked to the global biogeochemical cycles of carbon, sulfur, and iron, with the sulfur isotopic composition of pyrite widely used as a geochemical tool to investigate the evolution of ocean chemistry. However, characteristics of the depositional environment and post-depositional processes can alter the sulfur isotopic signal captured in sedimentary pyrite. This study in the Bornholm Basin, Baltic Sea, demonstrates the critical role of reactive iron in pyrite formation and raises questions about the accuracy of pyrite delta 34S values in reflecting past global ocean chemistry and biogeochemical processes. The research also shows an increase in pyrite formation at the sediment-water interface over the past few centuries in response to expanding water-column hypoxia.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
K. J. Andresen, A. Dahlin, K. U. Kjeldsen, H. Roy, O. Bennike, N. Norgaard-Pedersen, M-S Seidenkrantz
Summary: This study analyzes more than twenty nearshore seafloor depressions of varying morphology and size in the shallow waters of the western Limfjord in northern Denmark. The depressions represent freshwater pockmarks, which initially formed due to two eruptive events of thermogenic light oil/gas ca. 2000 and 900 yrs. BP, and continue to grow through freshwater seepage.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jiarui Liu, Andre Pellerin, Gilad Antler, Gareth Izon, Alyssa J. Findlay, Hans Roy, Shuhei Ono, Sabine Kasten, Alexandra Turchyn, Bo Barker Jorgensen
Summary: The study of sulfur cycling in marine sediments is crucial for understanding Earth's surface chemistry. Research in the Bornholm Basin reveals the influence of the thickness of the organic carbon-rich Holocene Mud Layer on sulfur dynamics. Results indicate a close relationship between sulfur isotope composition and sulfate reduction rates, with porewater profiles playing a key role in providing insights into sulfur cycling.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Ecology
J. Henkel, H. N. Schulz-Vogt, O. Dellwig, F. Pollehne, T. Schott, C. Meeske, S. Beier, K. Juergens
Summary: This study reveals that microbially catalyzed manganese-dependent sulfide oxidation has a significant impact on redox zonation in the Black Sea, affecting the distribution of various prokaryotic groups and element cycles. The high abundance of Sulfurimonas spp. with high expression of sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase gene and other sulfur oxidation genes coincided with the redoxcline in the central western gyre of the Black Sea.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Andre Pellerin, Noam Lotem, Katey Walter Anthony, Efrat Eliani Russak, Nicholas Hasson, Hans Roy, Jeffrey P. Chanton, Orit Sivan
Summary: The release of methane from thawing permafrost significantly contributes to global methane emissions, and the production rates of methane in different lithological units show small variations. The study demonstrates that at least half of the methane is produced through the microbial breakdown of organic matter, with the majority being produced in the deep sediment.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Simeon Choo, Olaf Dellwig, Janine Waege-Recchioni, Heide N. Schulz-Vogt
Summary: Polyphosphate-accumulating microbial mats play a crucial role in influencing phosphorus cycling in the benthic zone. They are able to decrease bottom water PO43- concentrations, even under conditions of oxygen depletion, highlighting their regulatory role in coastal peatland phosphorus fluxes.
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pei-Chuan Chuang, Chloe H. Anderson, Michael Kossack, Jenny Fabian, Chih-Chieh Su, Paul Vosteen, Matthias Zabel, Florian Scholz, Heide N. Schulz-Vogt, Stefan Sommer, Andrew W. Dale
Summary: This study investigates the role of chemotrophic sulfur bacteria in the coastal mud belt of the Benguela Upwelling System off Namibia. The results show that these bacteria play a significant role in nitrogen and phosphorus cycling. The study also suggests a potential negative feedback by the sulfur bacteria on primary production.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peter Stief, Clemens Schauberger, Marie B. Lund, Andreas Greve, Raeid M. M. Abed, Mohammad A. A. Al-Najjar, Karl Attard, Stefano Bonaglia, Jorg S. Deutzmann, Belen Franco-Cisterna, Emilio Garcia-Robledo, Moritz Holtappels, Uwe John, Adele Maciute, Michael J. Magee, Rie Pors, Tina Santl-Temkiv, Anja Scherwass, Duygu S. Sevilgen, Dirk de Beer, Ronnie N. Glud, Andreas Schramm, Anja Kamp
Summary: Diatoms play a crucial role in nitrogen cycling in aquatic ecosystems by storing and utilizing nitrate intracellularly, with a potentially significant impact on benthic nitrogen cycling.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Andrew L. Masterson, Marc J. Alperin, Gail L. Arnold, William M. Berelson, Bo B. Jorgensen, Hans Roy, David T. Johnston
Summary: Measurement of multiple sulfur isotopes provides unique diagnosis of S-based metabolic processes and can be used for paleoenvironmental interpretations. A multiple S isotope reactive transport model was constructed to study early diagenetic sulfur cycling.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE
(2022)
