Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Joao Antonio Martins Careto, Pedro Miguel Matos Soares, Rita Margarida Cardoso, Sixto Herrera, Jose Manuel Gutierrez
Summary: By evaluating the precipitation of regional climate model simulations in Europe, this study found important gains, particularly in precipitation extremes.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Mario Mingarro, Juan Pablo Cancela, Ana Buron-Ugarte, Enrique Garcia-Barros, Miguel L. Munguira, Helena Romo, Robert J. Wilson
Summary: This study investigated butterfly community responses to climate change on the Iberian Peninsula using occurrence data from 1901 to 2016. It found that changes in land cover overshadowed the effects of climate change on butterfly communities, while local climatic variation caused by topographic heterogeneity buffered them against climate change impacts.
INSECT CONSERVATION AND DIVERSITY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marcos Rodrigues, Dhais Pena-Angulo, Ana Russo, Maria Zuniga-Anton, Adrian Cardil
Summary: Climate teleconnections synchronize and influence weather features globally, potentially impacting wildfire activity. In the Iberian Peninsula, climate teleconnections significantly influence fire activity and danger, particularly driven by the North Atlantic Oscillation and Mediterranean Oscillation Index.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yubo Liu, Monica Garcia, Chi Zhang, Qiuhong Tang
Summary: This study investigates the changes in precipitation in the Iberian Peninsula and assesses the impact of local moisture recycling and external moisture on summer precipitation reduction. The findings suggest that the decrease in local moisture contribution and the feedback with drier land surface exacerbate the local moisture scarcity and summer drought.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Marcus Breil, Edouard L. Davin, Diana Rechid
Summary: A modeling study in Europe explored the contradicting evapotranspiration characteristics of forests and grasslands, revealing that the surface roughness of a forest and the prevailing forest type in a region play significant roles in determining evapotranspiration rates.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Alba de la Vara, William Cabos, Dmitry V. Sein, Claas Teichmann, Daniela Jacob
Summary: The study highlights the impact of atmosphere-ocean coupling on the climate change signal over the Iberian Peninsula, with a greater reduction in summer warming. Coupling was found to decrease the magnitude of climate change, due to the combined effects of atmospheric simulation and ocean coupling. Additionally, under the RCP4.5 scenario, smaller increases in winter and summer air temperature and precipitation changes were observed.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yue Sun, Haishan Chen, Siguang Zhu, Jie Zhang, Jiangfeng Wei
Summary: Under the background of global warming, the study investigated the impacts of spring Eurasian snowmelt on Northeast Asia (NEA) summer warming and found that increased snowmelt in certain regions could lead to summer warming in NEA. The mechanisms behind this phenomenon involve wetting of soil, weakening of surface sensible heating, and the adjustment of atmospheric circulation patterns. Model results suggest a positive correlation between NEA summer land surface temperature and Eurasian spring snowmelt.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
S. Safieddine, C. Clerbaux, L. Clarisse, S. Whitburn, E. A. B. Eltahir
Summary: This study analyzes land surface temperatures and human heat stress on the Arabian Peninsula using satellite observations, climate models, and climate projections. The findings highlight the importance of humidity and the potential risks to human survival under future climate change scenarios.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
M. Moon, K-J Ha
Summary: Approximately 25.6 tropical cyclones occur in the western North Pacific each year, with 3.4 affecting the Korean Peninsula. In 2019, a record of seven cyclones affected the Korean Peninsula. The study reveals that the sea surface temperature gradient plays a key role in influencing the atmospheric circulation patterns that lead to tropical cyclones affecting the Korean Peninsula.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lluis Perez-Planells, Darren Ghent, Sofia Ermida, Maria Martin, Frank-M. Goettsche
Summary: This study compared and analyzed several LST products from different satellites for their agreement, seasonal variation, and dependence on land cover class and satellite viewing geometry. The results showed overall agreement within +/- 2K for most data sets, with seasonal variations observed between polar and geostationary orbit sensor data. NASA's operational MODIS LST products were colder than the LST_cci data sets, and shadow effects were found to contribute to differences in day-time data. Despite differences in retrieval algorithms, a good consistency among the LST_cci data sets was determined.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matilde Garcia-Valdecasas Ojeda, Sonia Raquel Gamiz-Fortis, Emilio Romero-Jimenez, Juan Jose Rosa-Canovas, Patricio Yeste, Yolanda Castro-Diez, Maria Jesus Esteban-Parra
Summary: High spatial resolution drought projections for the Iberian Peninsula indicate that longer and more severe drought events are very likely in the future, particularly under the high-emission scenario RCP8.5. These projected changes are expected to be most significant by the end of the century.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Isidro A. Perez, Ma Angeles Garcia
Summary: The main advantage of classifying weather types is the systematic use with pressure gridded values. This study used an extensive database covering 74 years to determine weather types and their temperature fields in the Iberian Peninsula. Two 37-year periods were compared to investigate climate change. Lamb weather types were determined, with the anticyclonic type being the most frequent. The pressure field was uniform in the region, and there was a slight increase in pressure between the two periods. The temperature increased by 0.5 degrees C between the two periods, and there was a lower contrast of meridian gradients throughout the region.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rocio Tarjuelo, Pedro Aragon
Summary: Habitat degradation and climate change pose significant threats to reptile populations, but their impact on primary productivity instability remains unclear. This study assesses the vulnerability of reptile diversity hotspots in the Iberian Peninsula to global change using satellite imagery. The findings indicate that increasing temperatures and land-cover changes are associated with the increment of primary productivity. The Natura 2000 network provides moderate protection to reptile hotspots, but the representation of vegetation types is relatively low.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Rut Sanchez de Dios, Cristina Gomez, Isabel Aullo, Isabel Canellas, Guillermo Gea-Izquierdo, Fernando Montes, Helios Sainz-Ollero, Juan Carlos Velazquez, Laura Hernandez
Summary: The study indicates that the European beech population in the Mediterranean mountains does not exhibit characteristics of climatic relict, but rather the distribution area, population dynamics, and current conservation status of Mediterranean beech forests are more influenced by human land use legacies.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Eduardo Utrabo-Carazo, Cesar Azorin-Molina, Enric Aguilar, Manola Brunet
Summary: This study analyzes the observed surface mean wind speed (SWS) and gusts over the Iberian Peninsula (IP) in the frequency domain for 1961-2019, aiming to explore sources of predictability in the interannual and decadal scales. The main finding is the strong correlation between surface winds and the stratospheric polar vortex, with a time lag of 2-3 months, indicating that the polar vortex modulates winds in the region. Additionally, the study reveals a decoupling of SWS and gusts on a 9-11 year timescale, showing a marked seasonal dependence in intensity. There are also discrepancies between observed data and simulated data, suggesting inaccuracies in reproducing the variability of surface wind speeds.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
J. J. Gomez-Navarro, C. C. Raible, J. A. Garcia-Valero, M. Messmer, J. P. Montavez, O. Martius
Summary: This study presents a new strategy for constraining extreme precipitation events based on a combination of statistical and dynamical downscaling. The results show that this strategy is suitable for precipitation extremes in the upper Aare catchment, Switzerland, although there are some limitations in identifying extreme events in summer and underestimating the sensitivity of extreme events to climate change.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Eva Morales, Maria Alcantara-Lopez, Juan Cabezas-Herrera, Teresa de Diego, Trinidad Hernandez-Caselles, Pedro Jimenez-Guerrero, Elvira Larque, Concepcion Lopez-Soler, Carmen Martinez-Gracia, Antonela Martinez-Torres, Elena Martin-Orozco, Jaime Mendiola, Anibal Nieto-Diaz, Jose A. Noguera, Virginia Perez-Fernandez, M. Teresa Prieto-Sanchez, Carme Salvador-Garcia, Manuel Sanchez-Solis, Marina Santaella-Pascual, Rosa A. Sola-Martinez, Alberto Torres-Cantero, Genoveva Yague-Guirao, Matilde Zornoza-Moreno, Luis Garcia-Marcos
Summary: The NELA cohort study aims to unravel the developmental origins of asthma by investigating the impact of maternal obesity, nutrition, air pollution, endocrine disruptors, and maternal psychological stress on asthma susceptibility, using biological samples to assess potential mechanisms.
PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Azahara M. Garcia-Serna, Elena Martin-Orozco, Pedro Jimenez-Guerrero, Trinidad Hernandez-Caselles, Virginia Perez-Fernandez, Esther Cantero-Cano, Maria Munoz-Garcia, Maria Dolores Molina-Ruano, Encarna Rojo-Atenza, Luis Garcia-Marcos, Eva Morales
Summary: This study found that gestational exposure to traffic-related air pollutants may increase the detection rate of pro-inflammatory, Th2-related, and T regulatory cytokines in newborns, which may influence their immune system responses later in life.
PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Patricia Guzman, Patricia Tarin-Carrasco, Maria Morales-Suarez-Varela, Pedro Jimenez-Guerrero
Summary: This study evaluates the relationship between dementia incidence in Europe and exposure to air pollution under current and future climate scenarios, projecting a significant increase in dementia rates due to climate change and aging population. However, the impact of climate change on dementia appears limited, as the increase in southern Europe is offset by a decrease in northern countries due to projected improvements in air quality from enhanced rainfall.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Pedro Jimenez-Guerrero
Summary: The Iberian Peninsula experiences frequent exceedances of air pollution thresholds and limits, and this study assesses the impact of different emission sectors on air pollution levels. Sensitivity analysis suggests significant reductions in precursor emissions are needed to improve air quality.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yi Liu, Zhenzhong Zeng, Rongrong Xu, Alan D. Ziegler, Sonia Jerez, Deliang Chen, Cesar Azorin-Molina, Lihong Zhou, Xinrong Yang, Haiwei Xu, Laurent Li, Li Dong, Feng Zhou, Renjing Cao, Junguo Liu, Bin Ye, Xingxing Kuang, Xin Yang
Summary: China has seen a massive increase in wind capacity over the years, but there have been concerns about the reversal of wind speeds. Through an analysis of wind speed measurements, this study reveals a significant reversal in wind speeds in China since 2012. This finding explains the substantial growth in wind generation capacity factor in the country.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yanan Zhao, Shijing Liang, Yi Liu, Tim R. McVicar, Cesar Azorin-Molina, Lihong Zhou, Robert J. H. Dunn, Sonia Jerez, Yingzuo Qin, Xinrong Yang, Jiayu Xu, Zhenzhong Zeng
Summary: Wind energy, an important component of clean energy, is influenced by the disposable wind speed within the working range of wind turbines. Recent studies have shown a reversal in global surface wind speed since 2011, but the evolution of effective wind speed for wind turbines has received little attention. This study uses in-situ observations to analyze wind speed frequency variations and their contributions to average wind speed changes over the past four decades. The findings indicate that strong wind speed has weakened the average wind speed during the stilling period (1981-2010), while slight wind and strengthened strong wind have contributed to the trend change in wind speed during the reversal period (2011-2021). These frequency changes have resulted in a reduction in wind power energy from 1981 to 2010 and a relatively weak recovery during 2011-2021.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marco Turco, John T. Abatzoglou, Sixto Herrera, Yizhou Zhuang, Sonia Jerez, Donald D. Lucas, Amir AghaKouchak, Ivana Cvijanovic
Summary: Record-breaking summer forest fires in California have significantly increased due to anthropogenic climate change, rather than natural factors. The future is expected to see a further increase in fire area, highlighting the need for proactive adaptations.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Enrique Pravia-Sarabia, Juan Pedro Montavez, Amar Halifa-Marin, Pedro Jimenez-Guerrero, Juan Jose Gomez-Navarro
Summary: This study analyzes the role of aerosol concentration in the development of precipitation in a mixed phase system and the impact of different aerosol concentrations on precipitation type and amount. The results show that fixed aerosol concentrations alter the distribution of precipitation types, while interactive aerosol calculation leads to different precipitation patterns due to spatial and temporal variability in aerosol distribution.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gines Garnes-Morales, Juan Pedro Montavez, Amar Halifa-Marin, Pedro Jimenez-Guerrero
Summary: This study aims to assess the significant impact of simulations with interactive aerosols on atmospheric dynamics over Europe during winter compared to conventional regional climate models with prescribed aerosols. The results show significant differences in two predominant weather patterns and demonstrate the impact of aerosols on different circulation types and aerosol concentrations.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sonia Jerez, David Barriopedro, Alejandro Garcia-Lopez, Raquel Lorente-Plazas, Andres M. Somoza, Marco Turco, Judit Carrillo, Ricardo M. Trigo
Summary: The CLIMAX model has been developed to address the challenge of integrating wind and solar photovoltaic facilities in the energy mix. By exploiting their complementarity, the model optimizes the siting of the power units and the shares of each technology to minimize production volatility while ensuring a certain supply. Results show that optimal siting can reduce the standard deviation of monthly anomalies in total wind-plus-solar power generation by up to 20%.
Article
Geography, Physical
Philipp de Vrese, Goran Georgievski, Jesus Fidel Gonzalez Rouco, Dirk Notz, Tobias Stacke, Norman Julius Steinert, Stiig Wilkenskjeld, Victor Brovkin
Summary: The current generation of Earth system models exhibit large inter-model differences in the simulated climate of the Arctic and subarctic zone due to differences in model structure and parametrizations. Modelling terrestrial processes in permafrost-affected regions is particularly challenging because of spatial heterogeneity below the resolution of the models. This study uses the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model to investigate how different assumptions for permafrost hydrology affect land-atmosphere interactions and climate projections.
