Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dong Hou, De-Yong Wang, Zhou-Hua Jiang, Tian-Peng Qu, Hui-Hua Wang, Jun-Wei Dong
Summary: The study focused on investigating the effects of slag composition on MgO•Al2O3 inclusions during the electroslag remelting process. A mass-transfer model was developed to understand the evolution mechanism of these inclusions. The model successfully explained the kinetics of reactions and revealed that the concentration of MgO in the inclusions increases with higher CaO/SiO2 ratios in the slag.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lei Wang, Bo Song, Zhan-bing Yang, Xiao-kang Cui, Zhen Liu, Wen-sen Cheng, Jing-hong Mao
Summary: The evolution of inclusions and the formation of acicular ferrite in Ca-Ti treated steel after Mg and La addition were systematically investigated. The types of inclusions in the molten steel and final quenched samples were similar, but with differences in morphology, where the La-containing sample had the smallest average inclusion size and highest number density. Additionally, the percentage of acicular ferrite increased due to the increase in effective inclusions in the La-containing sample.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINERALS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kunpeng Wang, Ying Wang, Jianfei Xu, Wei Xie, Tingjun Chen, Min Jiang
Summary: The influence of temperature drop on inclusions was studied through industrial experiments and thermodynamic calculations. It was found that when the temperature dropped to 1743K, the inclusions were mainly liquid CaO-Al2O3-(MgO), similar to the end of RH refining.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bernadeta Karnasiewicz, Enno Zinngrebe, Wouter Tiekink
Summary: This study found that ladle shrouds can be used as a representative sampler to extract useful information about processes during casting, all ladle shrouds showed significant alumina deposition but in different populations, further supporting the hypothesis on the origin of alumina clogging formation in the casting system.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wenliang Gan, Chengsong Liu, Kai Liao, Hua Zhang, Hongwei Ni
Summary: This study investigated the evolution mechanism of inclusions in solid 430 stainless steel during heat treatment through heat treatment experiments and diffusion couple experiments. The results showed that elements in the steel reacted with SiO2 in the inclusions, forming a new Al-Ti-Cr-Mn phase, which was validated in diffusion couple experiments. This reaction led to the precipitation of a TiN phase on the surface of the Al-Ti-Cr-Mn phase during heat treatment.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Haixin Yang, Ying Ren, Sha Ji, Lifeng Zhang
Summary: The modification mechanism of MnS by the cerium addition in high sulfur steel was studied. With the increase of cerium content, rod-like and chain-like MnS inclusions changed into small and spherical ones. The addition of cerium effectively retarded the formation of pure MnS inclusions and reduced their average diameter, number density, and aspect ratio. Thermodynamic calculation indicated that cerium addition decreased the precipitation temperature and amount of MnS, while the formation of Ce-containing sulfides suppressed the MnS precipitation, resulting in the generation of spherical MnS inclusions.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shou-Xing Yang, Hua-Bing Li, Hao Feng, Zhou-Hua Jiang, Xu-Ze Li, Min Chen, Yu-Bo Dai
Summary: In this study, the reaction mechanism of aluminum increase during PESR was revealed, and the effects of atmosphere, slag, and steel compositions on aluminum content were investigated. Through process optimization, the restriction on aluminum increment in HNSBSs during PESR was well realized.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Youn-Bae Kang, Yong-Min Cho, Hae-Mi Hong
Summary: Oxygen in liquid steel exists in soluble and insoluble forms. Gas fusion infrared absorption method using a two-stage isothermal heating mode can measure the content of soluble and insoluble oxygen. Thermodynamic calculations are carried out to determine the carbothermic reduction temperature of oxide inclusions in liquid steel.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Dongming Liu, Zhengliang Xue, Shengqiang Song
Summary: The effect of Mn content on the formation of noninclusions in lightweight steels was investigated. It was found that an increase in Mn content results in an increase in the total area ratio and total number density of inclusions, especially AlN-containing inclusions and MnS-containing inclusions. The Mn content also affects the precipitation temperature and morphology of MnS inclusions.
STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Liu, Jie Liu, Hongxuan Zhao, Shufeng Yang, Jingshe Li
Summary: A computational fluid dynamics model coupled with phase-field and flow-solid interaction was used to simulate solid inclusions floating in steel and interacting with the steel-slag interface. The study found that the contact angle is the dominant factor affecting the static position of the inclusions, while the size and density of the inclusions also play a role in this process.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yumin Xie, Mingming Song, Bao Wang, Hangyu Zhu, Zhengliang Xue, Alexander Mayerhofer, Susanne Katharina Michelic, Christian Bernhard, Johannes Leopold Schenk
Summary: The size, quantity, morphology, and structure of inclusions in steel treated with rare earth using different deoxidizers were studied. Rare earth tended to refine inclusions and increase their number density in steel. Calcium and titanium, when combined with rare earth, could reduce the number densities and affect the mean diameters and aspect ratios of the inclusions. The automatic analysis system showed better performance in counting the content percentage of inclusions, while manual inclusion statistical analysis was superior for determining the inclusion number and size in rare earth-containing steel.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qifeng Shu, Ville-Valtteri Visuri, Tuomas Alatarvas, Timo Fabritius
Summary: In this study, a model considering both heterogeneous and homogeneous nucleation was proposed to describe the precipitation kinetics of TiN and TiN + MgO inclusions. The model calculations investigated the influence of nitrogen and titanium concentrations, the interfacial tension between TiN and steel, cooling rate, and size distribution of primary oxides on the size distribution of inclusions. The results showed that nitrogen and titanium concentrations, interfacial tension, and the number density of primary MgO inclusions had an impact on the final inclusion size distribution. The model can be extended to describe the heterogeneous precipitation of other complex inclusions.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Lei Wang, Bo Song, Jinghong Mao, Xiaokang Cui, Zhen Liu, Longfei Li
Summary: This study investigates the effect of Mg content on inclusions and microstructure of Ca-La-treated steel. The results show that Mg content has an impact on the composition and density of inclusions, as well as the formation of acicular ferrite (AF).
STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hironobu Arashima, Yusuke Yanagisawa, Ryo Ikeda, Shigehito Isobe, Naoyuki Hashimoto
Summary: Four heats of commercially available JIS SNCM439 steel were tested in air and hydrogen gas to investigate their fatigue behavior. It was found that large nonmetallic inclusions decreased the fatigue limit and significantly reduced the fatigue life in hydrogen, even at low stress amplitudes near the fatigue limit.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yeguang Wang, Chengjun Liu
Summary: Novel experiments using confocal laser scanning microscopy were conducted to observe the transient evolution of inclusions morphology and size during the modification process from Al2O3 and MgO-Al2O3 to low-melting point CaO-Al2O3-(MgO). The experiments detected the disaggregation of large-sized Al2O3 clusters by Ca treatment, resulting in the reduction of inclusions size in melts.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
(2022)