Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Peng-Cheng Zhao, Guang-Jian Yuan, Run-Zi Wang, Bo Guan, Yun-Fei Jia, Xian-Cheng Zhang, Shan-Tung Tu
Summary: The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of ultrafine-grained CP-Ti were systematically examined after large-volume equal channel angular pressing (L-ECAP) and multi-directional forging (MDF). The grain size distribution conformed to lognormal distribution, with iron impurities promoting recrystallization during L-ECAP. The strain hardening rate of CP-Ti increased with decreasing grain size, while the continuous strain hardening ability decreased.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Benedikt Diepold, Christopher Schunk, Frank Kuemmel, Tobias Fey, Aruna Prakash, Heinz Werner Hoeppel, Mathias Goeken
Summary: Fatigue of metallic components is crucial in mechanical engineering. Laminated metal composites are able to fulfill both lightweight and fatigue-resistant requirements by adjusting the stacking order of materials.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Abhishek Pariyar, Viet Q. Vu, Satish V. Kailas, Laszlo S. Toth
Summary: In this study, a higher strength and smaller grain size aluminum product was achieved by utilizing the friction-assisted lateral extrusion process at room temperature. Comparisons between the powder sample and the bulk sheet sample showed that the powder-FALEP sample had higher strength and smaller grain size. Simulations using the Taylor-type lattice curvature-based polycrystal model were in good agreement with the experimental results.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. Zhang, G. L. Shuai, Y. Q. Wang, Z. Li, D. T. Zhang, H. Z. Yu, L. Li
Summary: After ECAP treatment, Al-Fe alloy shows an increase in the number of pitting corrosion but a decrease in the size of pit corrosion, due to the fragmentation and uniform distribution of precipitated phases. The increase in grain boundary density and the reduction of precipitated phase aggregation also contribute to the decrease in intergranular corrosion. This study provides a new approach to improve the corrosion resistance of Al-Fe alloys by transforming the corrosion mode from local to uniform.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kai-Ming Han, Hui Jiang, Ying-Min Wang, Jian-Bing Qiang
Summary: The addition of Ti was found to significantly affect the glass-forming ability and mechanical properties of Zr63.5-xTixAl9Fe4.5Cu23 BMGs. Higher Ti content initially increased the GFA and room-temperature plasticity of the BMGs, but this trend reversed after reaching a certain threshold. The Zr60.5Ti3Al9Fe4.5Cu23 BMGs showed excellent biocompatibility, biocorrosion resistance, and potential for use in biomedical devices.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuanfang Wu, Wang Zhao, Lijun Jiang, Zhinian Li, Xiumei Guo, Jianhua Ye, Baolong Yuan, Shumao Wang, Lei Hao
Summary: V-based hydrogen storage alloys are considered promising materials for high hydrogen capacity under ambient conditions. The addition of Fe or Al affects the hydrogen storage capacity and desorption plateau pressure. The relationship between lattice parameters, electron density, and hydrogen capacity is discussed. The optimized 75 V-Ti-15Cr-1Al-1Fe alloy shows high hydrogen storage capacity, pressure, and excellent cyclic performance.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bharat Gwalani, Shivakant Shukla, Donovan Leonard, Jonathan D. Poplawsky, Dean T. Pierce, Libor Kovarik, Govindarajan Muralidharan, Arun Devaraj
Summary: The study investigates the phase stability and microstructural evolution of Ni-Fe-Cr-Al-Ti alloys, and discusses the influence of heat treatment on the alloy's microstructure. Long-term aging was found to result in the coarsening and shape change of gamma' precipitates, as well as the formation of eta phase precipitates.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
J. Joseph, M. Annasamy, S. R. Kada, P. D. Hodgson, M. R. Barnett, D. M. Fabijanic
Summary: This study analyzed the effect of the relative contents of Al and Ti on the equilibrium phase formation in a novel high entropy superalloy system. Lower Al/Ti ratio improved the mechanical properties of the alloy.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jakub Veverka, Frantisek Lukac, Andrzej P. Kadzielawa, Martin Koller, Zdenek Chlup, Hynek Hadraba, Miroslav Karlik, Dominik Legut, Jirina Vontorova, Tomas Chraska, Monika Vilemova
Summary: The application of non-equilibrium methods such as Mechanical Alloying and Field Assisted Sintering enables the formation of a single solid solution in immiscible systems. Using W-Cr solid solution as an intermediate step, ultrafine-grained composite alloys with rod-like microstructural features can be produced, leading to a significant increase in strength without an increase in hardness.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zizheng Song, Ranming Niu, Xiangyuan Cui, Elena V. Bobruk, Maxim Yu. Murashkin, Nariman A. Enikeev, Ji Gu, Min Song, Vijay Bhatia, Simon P. Ringer, Ruslan Z. Valiev, Xiaozhou Liao
Summary: Superplastic deformation of polycrystalline materials is usually achieved by diffusion-assisted grain boundary sliding at high temperatures. Recent research has shown that room-temperature superplasticity can be achieved in ultrafine-grained Al-Zn based alloys, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. This study utilized in-situ tensile straining, electron microscopy characterization, and atomistic density functional theory simulation to reveal that the superplasticity at room temperature is achieved by grain boundary sliding and grain rotation, facilitated by the continuous diffusion of Zn. The diffusion of Zn atoms from grains to grain boundaries forms a Zn nanolayer, acting as a solid lubricant to lower the energy barrier of grain boundary sliding.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
J. Ballor, A. A. Shawon, A. Zevalkink, T. Sunaoshi, S. Misture, C. J. Boehlert
Summary: The study investigates the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of Ti-11Cr alloys by adding iron and aluminum. The results show that iron reduces the volume fraction of omega and alpha phases, while aluminum inhibits the beta-to-omega transformation. Alloys containing omega phase exhibit higher shear modulus and hardness.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Min-Kyu Paek, Jung-Mock Jang, Jong-Oh Jo, Lauri Holappa, Jong-Jin Pak
Summary: This study investigated the deoxidation equilibria in high Cr stainless steels with Al-Ti complex, selecting a parameter set for the Fe-Cr-Al-Ti-O system and successfully reproducing experimental results and literature data. The validity of the parameters was confirmed through deoxidation experiments, constructing predominance diagrams for inclusions in the Fe-Cr-Al-Ti-O melts.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaosheng Zhou, Haokai Dong, Yushuai Wang, Meini Yuan
Summary: In this study, a Fe-Cr-Ni-Al-Ti ferritic superalloy was fabricated by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and the types and evolution of precipitates were investigated. The results showed that the precipitates could be completely dissolved during solution treatment at 1100 degrees C, while they underwent morphological evolution and coalescence after aging at 700 degrees C. The alloy exhibited high tensile strength and elongation, but failure may occur at the initiation of cracks.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Min-Kyu Paek, Kyung-Ho Kim, Daniel Lindberg, Jong-Jin Pak
Summary: The thermodynamics of nitride and oxide inclusion formations in liquid Fe-Cr alloys containing Ti and Al were studied to provide accurate information for refining ferritic stainless steel. The interaction parameters for the multicomponent Fe-Cr-Ti-Al-N-O system were determined based on Wagner's formalism, and were found to accurately reproduce the thermodynamic behavior of N and O in various alloy systems. Verification experiments confirmed the agreement between calculations and actual solubilities and solubility products over a wide range of melt composition and temperature.
STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhenqiang Xing, Jingyu Pang, Hongwei Zhang, Yu Ji, Zhengwang Zhu, Aimin Wang, Long Zhang, Hong Li, Huameng Fu, Haifeng Zhang
Summary: The effect of Ti content on the microstructure and mechanical properties regulation for Fe45Ni30-xCr15Al10Tix high entropy alloys (HEAs) with a duplex FCC/BCC structure is investigated. The introduction of Ti transforms the inter-dendric structure and changes the morphology of precipitates. This leads to an increase in the ultimate tensile strength of the HEAs and a maintained uniform elongation, showing excellent strength-plasticity synergy.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhouran Zhang, David E. J. Armstrong, Patrick S. Grant
Summary: High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have potential for intriguing combinations of mechanical and other properties, with focus on irradiation response such as high phase stability and resistance to radiation-induced segregation. The Cantor alloy and its derivatives exhibit encouraging irradiation resistance superior to traditional dilute alloys, showing smaller size but higher number density of dislocation loops, significantly lower extent of swelling and improved resistance to He bubble growth. Future research directions for irradiation resistant HEAs are suggested.
PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Patrick Grant, Eduard Arzt
PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Electrochemistry
R. Drummond, C. Cheng, P. S. Grant, S. R. Duncan
Summary: Graded electrodes in Li-ion batteries can improve battery performance by reducing degradation rates and increasing capacity at high discharge rates. However, the mechanisms and conditions for achieving these performance benefits are not fully understood. This study develops an electrochemical model and validates it using experimental data, revealing that a localized carbon-enriched region at the electrode/current collector interface can decrease overpotential distribution and improve charge transfer resistance and impedance.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
G. A. B. Matthews, T. Mousavi, S. Santra, C. R. M. Grovenor, P. S. Grant, S. Speller
Summary: This study investigates a new processing method to improve the connectivity of ex-situ MgB2 bulks at low sintering temperatures. The addition of Mg enhances density and reduces MgB4 content, leading to improved sintering results and enhanced superconducting properties.
SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Valentin C. Menzel, Xuerui Yi, Franziska Bobl, Caroline Kirk, Neil Robertson, Ignacio Tudela
Summary: Thermal doping of polyaniline was achieved to fabricate electrodes using 3D printing technology, resulting in electrodes with high conductivity for electrochemical applications. The fabricated 3D printed electrochemical capacitors exhibited memristive behavior, suitable for applications such as artificial neural networks.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sabolc Pap, Paul P. J. Gaffney, Qunying Zhao, Daniela Klein, Yuan Li, Caroline Kirk, Mark A. Taggart
Summary: This study explores the potential use of waste conifer brash converted to biochar for nutrient removal in peatland restoration and the water sector. Optimal pyrolysis conditions were determined to achieve high yield and removal efficiency.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ruihuan Ge, Adam M. Boyce, Yige Sun, Paul R. Shearing, Patrick S. Grant, Denis J. Cumming, Rachel M. Smith
Summary: The complex microstructure of the electrode greatly affects the performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The microporosity of the carbon binder domain (CBD) has been studied for the first time, revealing its influence on battery performance. The battery's specific capacity improves as the microporosity of the CBD phase increases.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shikang Feng, Zelong Jin, Wenjia Du, Insung Han, Andrew Lui, Xiaorong Zhou, Paul R. Shearing, Enzo Liotti, Patrick S. Grant
Summary: Fe-rich intermetallics have a significant impact on the mechanical properties and recyclability of aluminium alloys. This paper investigates the formation and growth mechanisms of primary Al13Fe4 on Al3Ti inoculants through various analytical techniques. The study reveals the crystallographic orientation relationships between Al13Fe4 and Al3Ti, as well as the correlation between the formation and growth dynamics of Al13Fe4 and a twinning-related pseudo-symmetry of Al13Fe4. A potential strategy to refine both intermetallics and a-Al in recycled alloys with elevated Fe concentration is proposed.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ziyang Ning, Guanchen Li, Dominic L. R. Melvin, Yang Chen, Junfu Bu, Dominic Spencer-Jolly, Junliang Liu, Bingkun Hu, Xiangwen Gao, Johann Perera, Chen Gong, Shengda D. Pu, Shengming Zhang, Boyang Liu, Gareth O. Hartley, Andrew J. Bodey, Richard I. Todd, Patrick S. Grant, David E. J. Armstrong, T. James Marrow, Charles W. Monroe, Peter G. Bruce
Summary: All-solid-state batteries with a Li anode and ceramic electrolyte have the potential to significantly outperform current Li-ion batteries. However, the formation and penetration of Li dendrites during charging remain a major challenge. Previous models focused on a single process for dendrite initiation and propagation, but our study reveals that these processes are actually separate and independent.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dominic Spencer-Jolly, Varnika Agarwal, Christopher Doerrer, Bingkun Hu, Shengming Zhang, Dominic L. R. Melvin, Hui Gao, Xiangwen Gao, Paul Adamson, Oxana Magdysyuk, Patrick S. Grant, Robert A. House, Peter G. Bruce
Summary: Ag-carbon composite interlayers have been proven effective in enabling Li-free cycling of solid-state batteries. Li intercalates electrochemically into graphite on charge, subsequently reacting chemically with Ag to form Li-Ag alloys. Discharge does not reverse this process, instead passing through Li-deficient Li-Ag phases. At higher charging rates, Li intercalation outpaces chemical reactions with Ag, resulting in delayed Li-Ag phase formation and increased Li metal deposition at the current collector. Li dendrites are not suppressed at and above 2.5 mA•cm-2, and Ag nanoparticles are not more effective than a graphite interlayer. Instead, Ag in the carbon interlayer promotes more uniform Li and Li-Ag formation during charge.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sang Ho Lee, Yige Sun, Patrick S. Grant
Summary: This research developed an effective approach to enhance the charging rates of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) by strategically incorporating carbon nanotube (CNT) conductivity boosters into Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) electrodes. Multi-layer architectures comprising CNT-rich and CNT-free LTO electrode layers were manufactured using a layer-by-layer spray coating method to promote charge transfer kinetics of high mass loading electrodes. The best performing multi-layer was paired with a spray-coated LiFePO4 (LFP) positive electrode, resulting in attractive power performance that outperformed conventional LTO || LFP combinations.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sang Ho Lee, Patrick S. Grant
Summary: Additive-free electrode architectures were fabricated using a layer-by-layer spray coating approach to enhance the capacity and reduce the cost of lithium-ion battery cells. By reducing the binder fraction and conductivity enhancers, all-additive-free full cell LIB configurations with high energy density and power performance were achieved.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Insung Han, Shikang Feng, Fabian Wilde, Patrick S. Grant, Enzo Liotti
Summary: Hot tears during alloy solidification can have catastrophic effects on cast tensile properties. While there are correlations between casting conditions and hot tear sensitivity, the influence of microstructure on tearing has not been fully understood. In this study, in situ X-ray radiography is used to quantify the formation and growth of hot tears in Al-5Cu and Al-5Cu-1Fe alloys, and an automated hot tear detection algorithm is developed to analyze the role of IMC particles in hot tear behavior.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Dominic Spencer Jolly, Dominic L. R. Melvin, Isabella D. R. Stephens, Rowena H. Brugge, Shengda D. Pu, Junfu Bu, Ziyang Ning, Gareth O. Hartley, Paul Adamson, Patrick S. Grant, Ainara Aguadero, Peter G. Bruce
Summary: The research found that the ceramic/polymer electrolyte interface in a bilayer structure of hybrid solid-state batteries can have low resistance, while the ceramic/polymer electrolyte interface may have high resistance. The formation of chemical interphase may affect the transport resistance between electrolytes.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ye Shui Zhang, Josh J. Bailey, Yige Sun, Adam M. Boyce, Will Dawson, Carl D. Reynolds, Zhenyu Zhang, Xuekun Lu, Patrick Grant, Emma Kendrick, Paul R. Shearing, Dan J. L. Brett
Summary: The temperature has a significant effect on the behavior of both the cathode and anode during the drying process. In the cathode, increasing temperature leads to carbon aggregation on the surface of active particles, improving conductivity. On the other hand, temperature variation has little impact on the electrochemical performance of the anode, which may be attributed to the use of low adhesion water-based binders.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2022)