Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Josip Delmis, Marina Ivanisevic, Marina Horvaticek
Summary: Pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes results in a partial decrease in immune system activity, leading to improved insulin production and enlargement of Langerhans islets. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids play a protective role and aid in increasing C-peptide levels during pregnancy.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sachin Kumar, Tapan Behl, Monika Sachdeva, Aayush Sehgal, Shilpa Kumari, Arun Kumar, Gagandeep Kaur, Harlokesh Narayan Yadav, Simona Bungau
Summary: Obesity and diabetes are often caused by poor eating habits and a lack of exercise, the ketogenic diet (KD) has been recommended as an effective treatment for these conditions by replacing glucose with ketone bodies.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Orly Ben-Yacov, Anastasia Godneva, Michal Rein, Smadar Shilo, Maya Lotan-Pompan, Adina Weinberger, Eran Segal
Summary: This study aims to explore the interaction between dietary modifications, microbiome composition, and host metabolic responses in a personalized postprandial-targeting (PPT) diet versus a Mediterranean (MED) diet in pre-diabetes. The results show that the PPT diet has a more significant impact on gut microbiome composition compared to the MED diet. Additionally, specific dietary changes are associated with changes in microbiome composition, and causal mediation analysis identifies nine microbial species that partially mediate the association between dietary changes and clinical outcomes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kabelo Mokgalaboni, Sanele Dlamini, Wendy N. Phoswa, Perpetua Modjadji, Sogolo L. Lebelo
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease and mortality rates worldwide. Despite the use of pharmaceutical drugs, diabetes prevalence is alarmingly rising, necessitating the search for remedies with lower toxicity. Pomegranate, known for its properties and safety, has been investigated in research and trials. However, conflicting reports exist on its effects in diabetes. Therefore, this systematic review analyzed evidence from preclinical and clinical trials, focusing on oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial function in diabetes. The analyzed evidence suggests that pomegranate has the potential to alleviate these markers, but further clinical trials are needed for validation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siying Wei, Chenchen Li, Zinan Wang, Yan Chen
Summary: Diabetes mellitus, especially Type 2 diabetes, is a chronic disease caused by various factors. Nutritional intervention is a crucial strategy for managing Type 2 diabetes, although the regulation of pancreatic β cells by dietary intervention is not well understood. This review summarizes common nutritional methods for diabetes intervention and discusses their effects on improving the mass and function of pancreatic islet β cells. With advancing intervention strategies and research, a better understanding of the effectiveness of dietary interventions in ameliorating Type 2 diabetes is anticipated in the future.
BIOSCIENCE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nagham Gudban, Itamar Yehuda, William Nasir, Soboh Soboh, Snait Tamir, Arnon Blum
Summary: After 3 months of Mediterranean diet intervention and weekly telephone follow-up, T2DM patients showed improvements in endothelial function and reduction in inflammation markers. However, there were no changes in body mass index, HbA1C%, total cholesterol, and triglycerides levels.
ISRAEL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Iris M. de Hoogh, Johanneke E. Oosterman, Wilma Otten, Anne-Margreeth Krijger, Susanne Berbee-Zadelaar, Wilrike J. Pasman, Ben van Ommen, Hanno Pijl, Suzan Wopereis
Summary: This study shows that achieving diabetes remission through lifestyle intervention is possible, but the underlying pathology of the disease is only minimally affected, which may be due to impaired beta cell function in individuals with longer T2D duration. Participants still need to continue adhering to lifestyle therapy even after achieving T2D remission.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Fatemeh Hajizadeh-Sharafabad, Elham Sharifi Zahabi
Summary: This systematic review summarized the findings from human intervention studies on the effect of ALA on vascular function. It found that ALA may improve endothelial function by increasing the bioavailability of endothelium-derived nitric oxide, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, while the impact on endothelium-independent vasodilation is limited.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Manuel Marrero, Oscar Monroig, Monica Betancor, Marcelino Herrera, Jose A. Perez, Diego Garrido, Ana Galindo, Inmaculada Giraldez, Covadonga Rodriguez
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the combined effects of dietary composition and salinity on the fatty acid composition and enzymatic activity in different body compartments of fish. The findings show that dietary composition primarily regulates the expression of fads2, while salinity plays a stronger role in regulating elovl5.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Masoud Khorshidi, Aliakbar Sayyari, Naheed Aryaeian, Beheshteh Olang, Mohammadreza Alaei, Mitra Khalili, Amirhossein Hosseini, Masoud Salehi
Summary: This study found that omega-3 supplementation can improve vascular function and reduce triglyceride levels in adolescents with T1DM, potentially reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chui Yiu Bamboo Chook, Yiu Ming Cheung, Ka Ying Ma, Fung Ping Leung, Hanyue Zhu, Qingshan Jason Niu, Wing Tak Wong, Zhen-Yu Chen
Summary: Research found that cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in type 2 diabetes, and current diabetic medications have limited effects on cardiovascular mortality. Experiments on mouse aortas showed that protocatechuic acid (PCA) can improve endothelial function and has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The protection on cardiovascular function is exerted through the Akt/eNOS pathway. Therefore, it is recommended for diabetic patients to consume an appropriate amount of PCA daily.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Dan Xie, Ye Chen, Junwen Yu, Zhuangzhuang Yang, Xiaosan Wang, Xingguo Wang
Summary: This review discusses the applications of n-3 PUFA in foods and pharmaceutical products, as well as various methods for enriching lipids with n-3 PUFA. Lipases play a crucial role in the production of high-quality n-3 PUFA concentrates, but their high cost limits industrial-scale production. Further research should focus on discovering biological enzymes with exceptional catalytic ability and exploring novel technologies to improve lipases’ selectivity, catalytic ability, and reusability.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Yimeng Fang, Jiahui Ma, Pengyu Lei, Lei Wang, Junying Qu, Jing Zhao, Fan Liu, Xiaoqing Yan, Wei Wu, Libo Jin, Hao Ji, Da Sun
Summary: T2DM is difficult to prevent and cure, leading to the development of a treatment strategy combining diet therapy and traditional medication. Konjac flour and its derivatives, especially Konjac glucomannan (KGM), have gained popularity as a natural and healthy product. KGM plays an important role in T2DM by extending gastric emptying time, increasing satiety, promoting liver glycogen synthesis, improving intestinal flora and the metabolic system through various molecular pathways, and protecting the liver and kidneys. This article outlines the physicochemical features of KGM and emphasizes its advantages as a meal for special medical purposes in T2DM.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ana Radanovic, Gordana Kralik, Ines Drenjancevic, Olivera Galovic, Manuela Kosevic, Zlata Kralik
Summary: This research elaborates the process of enriching table eggs with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and presents the effect of such enriched eggs on human health. The experiment showed that the enriched eggs had higher levels of n-3 PUFA and better fatty acid profiles compared to conventional eggs. The consumption of these enriched eggs had a positive effect on some blood biochemical indicators. However, it was not confirmed that the short-term consumption of these eggs has a significant positive effect on human health.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tatsuya Maruhashi, Yukihito Higashi
Summary: Endothelial dysfunction is crucial in the progression of atherosclerosis and is significantly associated with diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress. Selecting appropriate therapeutic interventions that improve endothelial function is important for preventing diabetic vascular complications. Various hypoglycemic drugs and agents like GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors may improve endothelial function through multiple mechanisms independent of glucose control or insulin signaling.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kayo Harada, Katsutaro Morino, Miki Ishikawa, Itsuko Miyazawa, Takako Yasuda, Mayu Hayashi, Atsushi Ishikado, Hiroshi Maegawa
Summary: This study confirmed the strong association between glycemic control and the number of natural teeth in the real-world setting. Furthermore, there are continuous relationships of HbA1c and FPG with number of natural teeth, including individuals with impaired fasting glucose. These findings highlight the importance of glycemic control and proper oral care in preventing tooth loss.
DIABETOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sabrina Ahmed, Takashi Hisamatsu, Aya Kadota, Akira Fujiyoshi, Hiroyoshi Segawa, Sayuki Torii, Naoyuki Takashima, Keiko Kondo, Yoshihisa Nakagawa, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Katsuyuki Miura
Summary: This study aimed to assess the frequency and associated factors of ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) in healthy general Japanese men. The study found that age, height, resting heart rate, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and lipid-lowering therapy were independently associated with VPCs frequency.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kayo Horibe, Katsutaro Morino, Itsuko Miyazawa, Sachiko Tanaka-Mizuno, Keiko Kondo, Daisuke Sato, Natsuko Ohashi, Shogo Ida, Tsuyoshi Yanagimachi, Masahiro Yoshimura, Ryuta Itoh, Kiyoshi Murata, Katsuyuki Miura, Hisatomi Arima, Yukihiro Fujita, Satoshi Ugi, Hiroshi Maegawa
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin on body composition and amino acid metabolism. The results showed that dapagliflozin treatment significantly reduced body weight and fat mass, while maintaining fat-free mass. In addition, it also reduced intrahepatic triglyceride content. Changes in amino acids were minimal, with only a significant reduction in serine concentrations observed.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Ebtehal Salman, Aya Kadota, Takashi Hisamatsu, Hiroyoshi Segawa, Sayuki Torii, Akira Fujiyoshi, Keiko Kondo, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Hisatomi Arima, Akihiko Shiino, Kazuhiko Nozaki, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Katsuyuki Miura
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between blood pressure indexes and subclinical cerebrovascular diseases in general Japanese men. The results showed that blood pressure indexes were associated with most of the subclinical cerebrovascular diseases, and the association varied depending on the time period of measurement.
JOURNAL OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND THROMBOSIS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoshino Saito, Katsuyuki Miura, Hisatomi Arima, Takehito Hayakawa, Naoyuki Takashima, Yoshikuni Kita, Nagako Okuda, Akira Fujiyoshi, Toshiyuki Iwahori, Naoko Miyagawa, Keiko Kondo, Sayuki Torii, Aya Kadota, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Akira Okayama, Tomonori Okamura, Hirotsugu Ueshima
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the incidence rates and predictors of lower limb fractures in a general Japanese population. The study found that aging was a significant risk factor for proximal femur and total lower limb fractures in both men and women. Furthermore, low body mass index and low intake of vegetables were modifiable risk factors associated with increased risks of proximal femur and/or total lower limb fractures in Japanese women.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kimihiro Nishimura, Yukihiro Fujita, Shogo Ida, Tsuyoshi Yanagimachi, Natsuko Ohashi, Kiyoto Nishi, Atsushi Nishida, Yasumasa Iwasaki, Katsutaro Morino, Satoshi Ugi, Eiichiro Nishi, Akira Andoh, Hiroshi Maegawa
Summary: Loss of O-GlcNAcylation in the intestine reduces glucose absorption by suppressing SGLT1 expression. This study provides new insights into the role of O-GlcNAcylation in glucose metabolism and suggests potential treatments for malabsorption, obesity, and diabetes.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Keiko Kondo, Hisatomi Arima, Akira Fujiyoshi, Akira Sekikawa, Aya Kadota, Takashi Hisamatsu, Sayuki Torii, Akihiko Shiino, Katsutaro Morino, Naoko Miyagawa, Hiroyoshi Segawa, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Hiroshi Maegawa, Kazuhiko Nozaki, Katsuyuki Miura, Hirotsugu Ueshima
Summary: This study investigated the association between n-3 PUFAs and cerebrovascular lesions in Japanese men. The results suggest that n-3 PUFAs may have a protective effect against large-artery stenosis in the brain, but not against small vessel lesions.
CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mayu Hayashi, Katsutaro Morino, Kayo Harada, Itsuko Miyazawa, Miki Ishikawa, Takako Yasuda, Yoshie Iwakuma, Yamamoto Kazushi, Matsumoto Motonobu, Maegawa Hiroshi, Ishikado Atsushi
Summary: This study examined the impact of obesity on the number and position of residual teeth using a large-scale Japanese database. The results showed that an increase in BMI was associated with a decrease in the number of residual teeth, particularly affecting the molars in the maxillary over the age of 30.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ayako Kunimura, Yuichiro Yano, Takashi Hisamatsu, Sayuki Torii, Keiko Kondo, Aya Kadota, Akira Fujiyoshi, Tomonori Okamura, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Akihiko Shiino, Kazuhiko Nozaki, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Katsuyuki Miura
Summary: This study investigated the association between serum PCSK9 levels and subclinical cerebrovascular disease in a community-dwelling Japanese male population. The results showed that higher levels of circulating PCSK9 were significantly associated with an increased prevalence of intracranial artery stenosis, but not with cerebral small vessel disease. Therefore, measuring serum PCSK9 levels may help identify individuals at high risk for cerebrovascular disease in the general population.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Akiko Nakamoto, Natsuko Ohashi, Lucia Sugawara, Katsutaro Morino, Shogo Ida, Rachel J. Perry, Ikki Sakuma, Tsuyoshi Yanagimachi, Yukihiro Fujita, Satoshi Ugi, Shinji Kume, Gerald I. Shulman, Hiroshi Maegawa
Summary: O-GlcNAcylation in adipose tissue plays a crucial role in healthy fat expansion and regulation of lipogenesis and fatty acid efflux, affecting body weight gain and obesity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Itsuko Miyazawa, Hiroki Yokoyama, Noriharu Yagi, Shin-ichi Araki, Katsutaro Morino, Shinji Kume, Shinichirou Shirabe, Katsuya Yamazaki, Hiroshi Maegawa
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of age group on glycemic control and diabetes treatment in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. The study analyzed data from approximately 40,000 patients/year from 2012 to 2019 using cross-sectional and retrospective analyses. The results showed minimal changes in glycemic control across all age groups during the study period. Younger patients, especially those treated with insulin, had higher glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values compared to older patients. Different age groups showed variations in prescribed medications, with the increasing use of sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitors observed, particularly in younger patients.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hideki Nagata, Katsuyuki Miura, Sachiko Tanaka, Aya Kadota, Takehito Hayakawa, Keiko Kondo, Akira Fujiyoshi, Naoyuki Takashima, Yoshikuni Kita, Akira Okayama, Tomonori Okamura, Hirotsugu Ueshima
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between functional capacity and mortality risk among a population-based cohort of older residents in Japan. Impaired functional capacity was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality, with different factors playing a role for men and women.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nazar Azahar, Yuichiro Yano, Aya Kadota, Akihiko H. Shiino, Ali Syaifullah, Naoko Miyagawa, Keiko Kondo, Mohammad Moniruzzaman, Sayuki Torii, Hiroyoshi Segawa, Takashi Hisamatsu, Akira Fujiyoshi, Kazuhiko Nozaki, Ikuo Tooyama, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Katsuyuki Miura
Summary: This study found that arterial stiffness and atherosclerotic burden may independently be associated with brain structural changes. Higher arterial stiffness was associated with lower volumes of Alzheimer disease signature, while higher atherosclerotic burden was associated with brain vascular damage.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yiwei Liu, Tomonori Okamura, Aya Hirata, Yasunori Sato, Takehito Hayakawa, Aya Kadota, Keiko Kondo, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Katsuyuki Miura, Akira Okayama, Hirotsugu Ueshima
Summary: This study found that smoking is associated with worse quality of life in long-term follow-up.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emilie Steinbach, Davide Masi, Agnes Ribeiro, Patricia Serradas, Tiphaine Le Roy, Karine Clement
Summary: The study of the gut microbiome is crucial for understanding and treating metabolic diseases. While research on the fecal microbiome has provided valuable insights, relying solely on this may not be enough to draw comprehensive conclusions. The microbiome in the proximal part of the small intestine may play a significant role in metabolic regulation, but further exploration is needed due to limited accessibility.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Evangelia Chavdoula, Vollter Anastas, Alessandro La Ferlita, Julian Aldana, Giuseppe Carota, Mariarita Spampinato, Burak Soysal, Ilaria Cosentini, Sameer Parashar, Anuvrat Sircar, Giovanni Nigita, Lalit Sehgal, Michael A. Freitas, Philip N. Tsichlis
Summary: This study reveals the important role of KDM2B in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). KDM2B affects cellular resistance to oxidative stress by regulating a network of genes and metabolic enzymes, in collaboration with ATF4 and MYC. Additionally, high expression of KDM2B is associated with poor prognosis in patients.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Joongmin Kim, Hyeongsoo Kim, Sang Hyun Park, Yura Kang, Kyungdo Han, Sang-Hak Lee
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the optimal LDL-C level after statin therapy in individuals with intermediate cardiovascular risk. The results showed that achieving LDL-C levels <120 mg/dL after statin therapy could lower the event risk.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2024)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ze Chen, Li -Ping Xia, Lang Shen, Dan Xu, Yu Guo, Hui Wang
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests that NAFLD has an intrauterine origin, with adverse prenatal environments and glucocorticoid exposure playing a crucial role in the developmental programming of fetal hepatic lipid metabolism. The offspring's glucocorticoid-insulin-like growth factor 1 (GC-IGF1) axis is programmed in utero, leading to postnatal catch-up growth and disrupted glucose and lipid metabolism, increasing susceptibility to NAFLD. Mismatch between intrauterine and postnatal environments can further disturb the programmed endocrine axes and accelerate the onset of NAFLD.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fuwen Zuo, Youzhao Wang, Xinlei Xu, Ruihao Ding, Wei Tang, Yu Sun, Xiaojie Wang, Yan Zhang, Jichao Wu, Yusheng Xie, Min Liu, Ziying Wang, Fan Yi
Summary: This study investigates the role of CCDC92 in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The expression of CCDC92 was found to increase in kidney biopsies from patients with DKD and was correlated with glomerular lipid accumulation. Animal studies further confirmed the induction of CCDC92 in the kidney, particularly in podocytes, and the podocyte-specific deletion of Ccdc92 ameliorated podocyte injury and lipid deposition. CCDC92 was shown to promote podocyte lipotoxicity through ABCA1 signaling-mediated lipid homeostasis. Therefore, CCDC92 may serve as a potential biomarker of podocyte injury in DKD and targeting CCDC92 could be an innovative therapeutic strategy for DKD patients.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2024)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Khanyisani Ziqubu, Phiwayinkosi Dludla, Sihle E. Mabhida, Babalwa U. Jack, Susanne Keipert, Martin Jastroch, Sithandiwe E. Mazibuko-Mbeje
Summary: The discovery and revival of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in adult humans have opened up new possibilities for treating obesity and metabolic diseases. BAT not only plays a role in generating heat, but also secretes signaling molecules known as batokines, which regulate overall metabolism. This review highlights the importance of BAT-derived metabolites in controlling thermogenesis, substrate metabolism, and other biological processes, as well as their potential to alleviate obesity and related metabolic complications.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2024)
