Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
K. M. Venkat Narayan, Dimple Kondal, Sayuko Kobes, Lisa R. Staimez, Deepa Mohan, Unjali P. Gujral, Shivani A. Patel, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Roopa Shivashankar, Mohammed K. Ali, Howard H. Chang, Masood Kadir, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Natalie Daya, Elizabeth Selvin, Nikhil Tandon, Robert Hanson, Viswanathan Mohan
Summary: South Asians and Pima Indians have different diabetes incidence rates, with South Asians having a lower rate than Pima Indians at comparable BMI levels. However, among men with BMI <25, the risk of diabetes is five times higher in South Asians compared to Pima Indians.
BMJ OPEN DIABETES RESEARCH & CARE
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Jing-gang Xia, Bowen Li, Hao Zhang, Qin-xue Li, Sin Man Lam, Chun-lin Yin, He Tian, Guanghou Shui
Summary: This study used quantitative metabolomics to investigate the metabolic differences in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with and without diabetes. The findings revealed that diabetes-AMI patients had more severe metabolic dysregulation, involving multiple pathways such as carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and amino acid metabolism. The key functional metabolites N-lactoyl-phenylalanine and lysophosphatidylcholines were identified, which were associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, glucose utilization, and inflammation, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets for diabetes-AMI.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Luke C. Pilling, Deniz Turkmen, Hannah Fullalove, Janice L. Atkins, Joao Delgado, Chia-Ling Kuo, George A. Kuchel, Luigi Ferrucci, Jack Bowden, Jane A. H. Masoli, David Melzer
Summary: The study found that in UK primary care patients, individuals carrying CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles had a higher risk of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction when prescribed clopidogrel. Therefore, genotype-guided selection of antiplatelet medications may improve outcomes in patients with CYP2C19 genetic variants.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Falan Han, Shuchao Pang, Zhaoqing Sun, Yinghua Cui, Bo Yan
Summary: The study identified ATG16L1 gene promoter mutations in AMI patients that may affect the binding of transcription factors, change the transcriptional activity of the ATG16L1 gene, alter autophagy levels, and contribute to the occurrence and development of AMI as rare and low-frequency risk factors.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ramatu Wuni, Nagarajan Lakshmipriya, Kuzhandaivelu Abirami, Eduard Flores Ventura, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Vasudevan Sudha, Shanmugam Shobana, Ranjit Unnikrishnan, Kamala Krishnaswamy, Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran, Viswanathan Mohan
Summary: The study found that increased consumption of dairy products is associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shifteh Abedian, Ali Abbasi, Anthonius de Boer, Bruno H. Stricker, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Pim van der Harst, Sanaz Sedaghat, Maryam Darvishian, M. Arfan Ikram, Gerjan Navis, Abbas Dehghan, Ido Pen, Ronald P. Stolk, Harold Snieder, Olaf H. Klungel, Patrick Souverein, Behrooz Z. Alizadeh
Summary: Genetic determinants play a role in the development of co-morbid diseases in T2D patients, with certain SNPs identified to be associated with them. The study found that CVD was most common, followed by chronic eye disease, with potential involvement of specific SNPs like rs1870849 and rs8051326 in chronic eye disease incidence in T2D patients. Further research is needed to validate these associations.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Brittany Weber, David W. Biery, Avinainder Singh, Sanjay Divakaran, Adam N. Berman, Wanda Y. Wu, Jenifer M. Brown, Jon Hainer, Khurram Nasir, Katherine Liao, Deepak L. Bhatt, Marcelo F. Di Carli, Ron Blankstein
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and prognosis of autoimmune systemic inflammatory diseases (SID) among young adults who experienced myocardial infarction (MI). The findings showed that approximately 2.5% of young MI patients had SID, and these individuals had a higher risk of long-term mortality.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Moneeza K. Siddiqui, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Adem Y. Dawed, Cyrielle Martoeau, Sundararajan Srinivasan, Jebarani Saravanan, Sathish K. Madanagopal, Alasdair Taylor, Samira Bell, Abirami Veluchamy, Rajendra Pradeepa, Naveed Sattar, Radha Venkatesan, Colin N. A. Palmer, Ewan R. Pearson, Viswanathan Mohan
Summary: Compared with white Europeans, South Asians, especially Asian Indians, have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes and a younger age of onset. In Asian Indians, obesity is associated with beta cell function and insulin sensitivity in young-onset diabetes. Asian Indians have lower genetically determined beta cell function, which is associated with the age of diagnosis.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yoshinobu Nakayama, Nobuhiro Mukai, Geri Kreitzer, Parth Patwari, Jun Yoshioka
Summary: This study uncovers a novel mechanism in which ARRDC4 drives glucose deprivation-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress leading to cardiomyocyte death in ischemic injury. The findings establish ARRDC4 as a new scaffold protein for GLUT1 that regulates cardiac metabolism in response to ischemia and provide insight into a therapeutic strategy for ischemic heart disease.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ricardo Pan-Lizcano, Luis Marinas-Pardo, Lucia Nunez, Fernando Rebollal-Leal, Domingo Lopez-Vazquez, Ana Pereira, Aranzazu Molina-Nieto, Ramon Calvino, Jose Manuel Vazquez-Rodriguez, Manuel Hermida-Prieto
Summary: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a global pandemic and conventional risk factors are insufficient for early detection. This study found that 60% of AMI patients had rare variants in genes related to the cholesterol pathway, highlighting the importance of considering this pathway's wide scope in assessing genetic risk.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Surya Prakash Bhatt, Randeep Guleria
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between IRS1 (Gly972Arg) and IRS2 (Gly1057Asp) genes with OSA and NAFLD in Asian Indians. It was found that the Gly/Arg genotype of IRS1 gene was associated with higher obesity and visceral fat content, and individuals carrying this genotype were at higher risk of developing OSA and NAFLD.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Erik Naslund, Erik Stenberg, Robin Hofmann, Johan Ottosson, Magnus Sundbom, Richard Marsk, Per Svensson, Karolina Szummer, Tomas Jernberg
Summary: Metabolic surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy) is associated with a lower risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, death, and new onset heart failure in severely obese patients with previous myocardial infarction. Further confirmation of these findings is needed through a randomized, controlled trial.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Djuro Macut, Sanja Ognjanovic, Milika Asanin, Gordana Krljanac, Tatjana Milenkovic
Summary: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic disorders caused by IR and adipose tissue dysfunction, increasing the risk of diabetes and CVD. While women originally had lower MetS prevalence compared to men, the rate is rising in younger women. Abdominal fat accumulation and IR are crucial factors in the pathogenesis of MetS.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jie Zhang, Yexin Zhang, Xiaohui He, Shuai Wang, Shuchao Pang, Bo Yan
Summary: Autophagy and the TFEB gene may play crucial roles in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Novel regulatory variants of the TFEB gene, identified in AMI patients, were found to affect gene expression and could potentially contribute to the development of AMI as rare risk factors.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Francesco Bruno, Giovenale Moirano, Carlo Budano, Stefania Lalloni, Giovannino Ciccone, Roberto Verardi, Alessandro Andreis, Andrea Montabone, Ovidio De Filippo, Guglielmo Gallone, Marco Gilardetti, Fabrizio D'Ascenzo, Gaetano Maria De Ferrari
Summary: There is limited data on the long-term clinical outcomes of young patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), as well as the impact of gender on the incidence and prognosis of juvenile MI. This study found that among young patients with MI, women had a higher in-hospital mortality compared to men, but the long-term prognosis after hospital discharge did not differ. MI recurrences were associated with increased mortality at follow up.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)