Article
Neurosciences
Kumari Vandana Singh, Chandra Prakash, Jay Prakash Nirala, Ranjan Kumar Nanda, Paulraj Rajamani
Summary: Mobile phones are commonly used devices for digital media and communication, but their radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) can have adverse effects on the brains of young adolescents. This study found that exposure to RF-EMR led to lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and reduced neurogenesis and neuronal degeneration in the brain of rats.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ming-Chang Chiang, Christopher J. B. Nicol, Shy-Shyong Lo, Shiang-Wei Hung, Chieh-Ju Wang, Chien-Hung Lin
Summary: This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of resveratrol on inflammation and oxidative stress under conditions of hypoxia-induced neuronal damage. The results showed that resveratrol improved cell viability, reduced inflammatory cytokines and activated the NF-kappa B signaling pathway. Additionally, resveratrol protected against oxidative stress. However, the protective effects of resveratrol were blocked by AMPK antagonists.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Naieli Schiefelbein Souto, Micheli Dassi, Ana Claudia Monteiro Braga, Erica Vanessa Furlan Rosa, Michele Rechia Fighera, Luiz Fernando Freire Royes, Mauro Schneider Oliveira, Marcel Henrique Marcondes Sari, Ana Flavia Furian
Summary: Several studies have demonstrated the toxicity of both aspartame (ASP) and aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)) separately, but little is known about their concomitant exposure and hazardous consequences. In this study, male rats were exposed to AFB(1), ASP, or both substances for 14 days. The results showed that the combination of ASP and AFB(1) had greater behavioral impairments and oxidative status imbalance compared to the groups treated with only ASP or AFB(1). These findings suggest that the co-exposure to ASP and AFB(1) disrupts brain homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ekaterina Blinova, Egor Turovsky, Elena Eliseikina, Alexandra Igrunkova, Elena Semeleva, Grigorii Golodnev, Rita Termulaeva, Olga Vasilkina, Sofia Skachilova, Yan Mazov, Kirill Zhandarov, Ekaterina Simakina, Konstantin Belanov, Saveliy Zalogin, Dmitrii Blinov
Summary: A non-surgical pharmacological approach to control cellular vitality and functionality during ischemic and/or reperfusion-induced phases of strokes is important. The compound 3-EA has shown cell-protective effects by inhibiting cell death and calcium concentration increase. It intervenes in cell apoptosis through changes in gene expression, suggesting its potential as a neuroprotective molecule.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Azubuike P. Ebokaiwe, Odobi R. Ushang, Iyiagwor P. Chimezie, Nvene Chiamaka
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects of zinc (Zn) on the brain damage caused by cadmium (Cd) exposure in rats. The results showed that Zn reversed the increased activities of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) induced by Cd exposure, as well as the disruption in antioxidant systems and the elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In addition, Zn prevented the altered behavioral indices and brain histological changes caused by Cd exposure.
Review
Cell Biology
Jafar Sadeghzadeh, Leila Hosseini, Ahmad Mobed, Hamid Soltani Zangbar, Jaber Jafarzadeh, Jamshid Pasban, Parviz Shahabi
Summary: Cerebral ischemia and subsequent reperfusion can lead to reduced blood supply to specific brain areas, resulting in neurological damage and irreversible harm. The hippocampus is particularly vulnerable to ischemia-induced injuries, with the extent of damage influenced by the different stages of ischemia. Intricate biochemical reactions involving free radicals, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and glutamate toxicity contribute to various changes and damage in neural tissue. Antioxidant enzymes play a crucial role in preventing hippocampal damage caused by oxidative stress.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
A. Ra Kho, Dae Ki Hong, Beom Seok Kang, Woo-Jung Park, Kyung Chan Choi, Kyoung-Ha Park, Sang Won Suh
Summary: The study shows that atorvastatin can reduce neuronal death, oxidative stress, inflammation, and blood-brain barrier disruption in global cerebral ischemia, improving cognitive function. Additionally, atorvastatin can also reduce endothelial cell damage and VV proliferation. These results suggest that atorvastatin may be an effective option in managing global cerebral ischemia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Kang Huo, Kai-Ge Ma, Qin-Yue Guo, Peng Duan, Jing Xu
Summary: This study found that Plin5 can provide neuroprotection in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-injured neurons through the regulation of the Nrf2-Akt-GSK-3 beta pathway.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Lei Zhang, Yang Wang, Rong-ling Pan, Yang Li, Yu-qi Hu, Hui Xv, Chao Zhu, Xv Wang, Jiang-wen Yin, Ke-tao Ma, Dong Zhao
Summary: Neuritin, a neurotrophic factor highly expressed in the central nervous system, can protect nerve cells from damage caused by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation by promoting autophagic flux.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Milan Aksic, Joko Poleksic, Dubravka Aleksic, Natasa Petronijevic, Nevena V. Radonjic, Maja Jakovcevski, Slobodan Kapor, Nevena Divac, Branislav R. Filipovic, Igor Jakovcevski
Summary: Early life stress, specifically maternal deprivation, led to decreased numbers of certain interneuron subpopulations in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of rats, indicating complex and region-specific alterations in inhibitory circuitry. Decreased inhibitory synapses were also observed in the hippocampus of exposed rats, which may contribute to behavioral manifestations and potential mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROANATOMY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liya Qin, Ryan P. Vetreno, Fulton T. Crews
Summary: This study revealed that alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with inflammatory neuroimmune signaling and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. The activation of proinflammatory RELA increases NADPH oxidase-oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways, leading to neuronal cell death in the human orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) of individuals with AUD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Parul Gupta, Shubhangini Tiwari, Abhishek Singh, Amit Pal, Amit Mishra, Sarika Singh
Summary: Rivastigmine, a clinical drug for Alzheimer's disease, not only inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity and improves cognition, but also has significant effects on disease-related pathological mechanisms, including tau levels, amyloid aggregation, biochemical alterations, ER functionality, protein degradation machinery, and neuronal apoptosis.
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Julie Faitg, Clay Lacefield, Tracey Davey, Kathryn White, Ross Laws, Stylianos Kosmidis, Amy K. Reeve, Eric R. Kandel, Amy E. Vincent, Martin Picard
Summary: This study used quantitative three-dimensional electron microscopy to map mitochondrial network morphology and complexity in the mouse brain. Differences in mitochondrial morphology across different cell types and ages were identified, providing a foundation for further research on the role of neuronal mitochondria in the aging brain.
Article
Neurosciences
Leyla Sahin, Ozge Selin Cevik, Kenan Cevik, Celal Guven, Eylem Taskin, Sayad Kocahan
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects of mild treadmill exercise on acute sleep deprivation rats, finding that exercise can alleviate memory impairment but there is a lack of correlation between hippocampal gene expression levels and memory impairment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michaela Shishmanova-Doseva, Dimitrinka Atanasova, Yordanka Uzunova, Lyubka Yoanidu, Lyudmil Peychev, Pencho Marinov, Jana Tchekalarova
Summary: In a model of TLE, chronic treatment with Lacosamide (LCM) reduced the number of spontaneous motor seizures, corrected the impact of comorbidities on motor activity, anxiety, and memory, and suppressed oxidative stress by increasing superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione levels while decreasing catalase activity and lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus. Additionally, LCM treatment mitigated neuroinflammation and exerted strong neuroprotection in key regions of the brain, suggesting its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties contribute to its anticonvulsant and beneficial effects on SE-induced behavioral comorbidities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)