Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Diana Zarei, Amene Saghazadeh, Nima Rezaei
Summary: This literature review examines the use of cluster analysis in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. It reveals that IBS can be classified into different subgroups based on various factors. However, the number of clusters varies across studies due to methodological heterogeneity. The research further explores the clinical symptoms, rectal perception, immunological findings, and microbial composition of IBS.
BMC BIOINFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Fernando Salvador, Beatriz Lobo, Lidia Goterris, Carmen Alonso-Cotoner, Javier Santos, Elena Sulleiro, Begona Bailo, David Carmena, Adrian Sanchez-Montalva, Pau Bosch-Nicolau, Juan Espinosa-Pereiro, Isabel Fuentes, Israel Molina
Summary: This study compared the detection of Blastocystis sp. in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and healthy volunteers, finding no significant differences in the occurrence of the parasite between the two groups.
Article
Parasitology
Lei Deng, Huiyi Tay, Guangneng Peng, Jonathan W. J. Lee, Kevin S. W. Tan
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and subtype characteristics of Blastocystis in patients with suspicion of C. difficile infection in Singapore. The study found a Blastocystis positivity rate of 10.1%, with the predominant subtype being ST7. Co-infection of Blastocystis and C. difficile was observed in five patients, with subtypes ST7, ST1, and ST3 identified.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alireza Olyaiee, Amir Sadeghi, Abbas Yadegar, Elnaz Sadat Mirsamadi, Hamed Mirjalali
Summary: This review discusses the role of Blastocystis sp. in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) through modulation of the gut microbiota, and comprehensively analyzes the relevant scientific findings.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Karolina S. Jabbar, Brendan Dolan, Lisbeth Eklund, Catharina Wising, Anna Ermund, Asa Johansson, Hans Tornblom, Magnus Simren, Gunnar C. Hansson
Summary: The study found potentially pathogenic Brachyspira species in a subset of patients with IBS, with a significantly higher prevalence of Brachyspira colonization in IBS patients compared to healthy volunteers, especially in IBS-D patients. Brachyspira colonization was associated with accelerated oro-anal transit, mild mucosal inflammation, mast cell activation, and alterations of molecular pathways linked to bacterial uptake and ion-fluid homeostasis.
Article
Microbiology
Celine Nourrisson, Julien Scanzi, Julie Brunet, Frederic Delbac, Michel Dapoigny, Philippe Poirier
Summary: The study investigated the differences in microbiota between IBS-C patients and healthy individuals, revealing significant changes in certain microbial phyla when Blastocystis was present in IBS-C patients, notably an increase in Tenericutes phylum and Ruminococcaceae family. Colonization with Blastocystis was also associated with subtle changes in the microbial eukaryome, particularly in the Fungi taxa. The mycobiota changes varied depending on the patient group, with potentially more deleterious effects in the IBS-C group.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Jun-Jie Hou, Xin Wang, Yu-Ming Wang, Bang-Mao Wang
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disease that is closely associated with abnormal changes in gut microbiota and bile acids (BAs) metabolism. Recent research progress supports the potential of new therapeutic strategies targeting the microbiota-BAs axis for the treatment of IBS-D and other related diseases.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marilyn Hagan, Bu' Hussain Hayee, Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
Summary: Polyphenols (PPs) may have therapeutic benefits in gastrointestinal (GI) disorders like IBS or IBD, but the evidence base is inconsistent and further research is needed to clarify their effects.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giovanni Marasco, Cesare Cremon, Maria Raffaella Barbaro, Giulia Cacciari, Francesca Falangone, Anna Kagramanova, Dmitry Bordin, Vasile Drug, Egidia Miftode, Pietro Fusaroli, Salem Youssef Mohamed, Chiara Ricci, Massimo Bellini, Mohammed Masudur Rahman, Luigi Melcarne, Javier Santos, Beatriz Lobo, Serhat Bor, Suna Yapali, Deniz Akyol, Ferdane Pirincci Sapmaz, Yonca Yilmaz Urun, Tugce Eskazan, Altay Celebi, Huseyin Kacmaz, Berat Ebik, Hatice Cilem Binicier, Mehmet Sait Bugdayci, Munkhtsetseg Banzragch Yagci, Husnu Pullukcu, Berrin Yalinbas Kaya, Ali Tureyen, Ibrahim Hatemi, Elif Sitre Koc, Goktug Sirin, Ali Riza Caliskan, Goksel Bengi, Esra Ergun Alis, Snezana Lukic, Meri Trajkovska, Keren Hod, Dan Dumitrascu, Antonello Pietrangelo, Elena Corradini, Magnus Simren, Jessica Sjoelund, Navkiran Tornkvist, Uday C. Ghoshal, Olga Kolokolnikova, Antonio Colecchia, Jordi Serra, Giovanni Maconi, Roberto De Giorgio, Silvio Danese, Piero Portincasa, Antonio Di Sabatino, Marcello Maggio, Elena Philippou, Yeong Yeh Lee, Daniele Salvi, Alessandro Venturi, Claudio Borghi, Marco Zoli, Paolo Gionchetti, Pierluigi Viale, Vincenzo Stanghellini, Giovanni Barbara
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and post-COVID-19 disorders of gut-brain interaction among hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that patients with COVID-19 had higher rates of gastrointestinal symptoms on hospital admission and lower rates of constipation and hard stools at 12 months post-infection compared to the control group. Additionally, the rate of irritable bowel syndrome was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 than in controls.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Camilleri, Paula Carlson, Joelle BouSaba, Sanna McKinzie, Priya Vijayvargiya, Yorick Magnus, Wassel Sannaa, Xiao Jing Wang, Victor Chedid, Ting Zheng, Daniel Maselli, Jessica Atieh, Ann Taylor, Asha A. Nair, Nagaswaroop Kengunte Nagaraj, Stephen Johnson, Jun Chen, Duane Burton, Irene Busciglio
Summary: Compared with IBS-D patients without ABAM, those with BAD show significant differences in colonic transit, microbial diversity, gene expression, and bacterial composition. These differences are associated with barrier dysfunction, inflammation, and microbial changes.
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Julian R. F. Walters
Summary: Recent findings suggest that a large proportion of IBS-D patients have increased faecal bile acids, including primary bile acids, indicating changes in bacterial metabolism. The expression of the colonic membrane bile acid receptor TGR5 is associated with faecal bile acids and the severity of symptoms.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yuk Kam Yau, Qi Su, Zhilu Xu, Whitney Tang, Jessica Y. L. Ching, Joyce Wing Yan Mak, Chun Pan Cheung, Matthew Fung, Margaret Ip, Paul Kay Sheung Chan, Justin Che Yuen Wu, Francis Ka Leung Chan, Siew C. Ng
Summary: This study found that performing two FMT treatments at a four-week interval did not significantly reduce IBS severity scoring system (IBS-SSS) score in patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS. However, more patients experienced improvement in abdominal bloating, which was associated with a reduction in hydrogen sulphide-producing bacteria.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anthony Lembo, Braden Kuo, Ramesh Boinpally, Ella Li, Madhuja Mallick, Wieslaw Bochenek, Wilmin Bartolini
Summary: The study found that MD-7246 did not relieve abdominal pain in patients with IBS-D, and most other efficacy measures did not show improvement compared to placebo.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Camilleri, Guy Boeckxstaens
Summary: This article evaluates the evidence that targeted pathophysiological mechanisms and customized treatments can be an alternative approach to treating patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The authors conducted a literature review on the mechanisms and treatments of IBS, identifying various noninvasive clinical tests that can assess the underlying mechanisms responsible for symptom generation. These mechanisms include rectal evacuation disorders, abnormal transit, visceral hypersensitivity or hypervigilance, bile acid diarrhea, sugar intolerances, barrier dysfunction, the microbiome, immune activation, and chemicals released by these mechanisms. The authors also recognized the basic molecular mechanisms contributing to these pathophysiologies, offering opportunities for interventions with medications targeted at specific food components, receptors, and potentially the microbiome. Although the evidence supporting interventions for each mechanism varies, the current state-of-the-art allows for a shift from symptom-based treatment to individualized treatment guided by pathophysiology and clinically identified biomarkers.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Andre Schulz, Sina-Katharina Welsch, Sarah Etringer, Greta Hansen, Lea Milbert, Jochen Schneider, Gennaro Taddei, Raquel Gomez Bravo, Charilaos Lygidakis, Zoe van Dyck, Annika Lutz, Paul Wilmes, Claus Vogele
Summary: This study investigates whether IBD and IBS patients have altered perception of 'natural' gastric distensions. The results show that IBD patients drink significantly more water until satiation than IBS patients, suggesting relative gastric hypersensitivity in IBS and relative hyposensitivity in IBD patients.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)