Article
Immunology
Su Zhang, Guobao Li, Jing Bi, Qinglong Guo, Xiangdong Fu, Wenfei Wang, Shuyan Liu, Guohui Xiao, Min Ou, Juanjuan Zhang, Xing He, Fang Li, Guanqiang Li, Carl G. Feng, Xinchun Chen, Guoliang Zhang
Summary: This study found that SNPs in the TGF-beta 1 gene are associated with tuberculosis susceptibility and disease severity. Specifically, the rs2317130 CC genotype is linked to higher levels of TGF-beta 1 and interleukin 17A production. These findings suggest a role for TGF-beta 1 promoter SNPs in regulating immune responses during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Er Nie, Xin Jin, Faan Miao, Tianfu Yu, Tongle Zhi, Zhumei Shi, Yingyi Wang, Junxia Zhang, Manyi Xie, Yongping You
Summary: The study revealed that TGF-beta 1 contributes to temozolomide resistance by reducing miR-198 expression and subsequently MGMT levels, while not affecting KSRP expression; TGF-beta 1 upregulates H19 and HOXD-AS2 lncRNAs, which competitively bind to KSRP and decrease miR-198 expression, promoting temozolomide resistance; Patients with low levels of TGF-beta 1 or lncRNA expression benefited from temozolomide therapy.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Anthony L. Guerrerio, Allyson Mateja, Marjohn Rasooly, Samara Levin, Alaina Magnani, Caeden Dempsey, Gretchen MacCarrick, Harry C. Dietz, Erica Brittain, Alison M. Boyce, Pamela A. Frischmeyer-Guerrerio
Summary: Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) patients commonly have reduced bone density and increased risk of fractures, possibly due to increased bone resorption. Certain clinical features can predict a subgroup of patients at highest risk of low bone density and fractures.
GENETICS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Sara Lecomte, Julien Devreux, Gregoire de Streel, Nicolas van Baren, Violaine Havelange, David Schroder, Noora Vaherto, Christophe Vanhaver, Christophe Vanderaa, Noemie Dupuis, Christian Pecquet, Pierre G. Coulie, Stefan N. Constantinescu, Sophie Lucas
Summary: Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a disease characterized by abnormal cytokine production, leading to bone marrow fibrosis. This study found that the transmembrane protein GARP plays a role in activating TGF-beta 1, a profibrotic cytokine, in PMF. Blocking the activation of TGF-beta 1 by GARP-expressing cells reduced fibrosis and clonal expansion of transformed cells. The therapeutic effects were attributed to targeting GARP on regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) and increasing CD8 T-cell-mediated immune reaction.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Johannes Tlatlik, Joerg Hohe, Sebastian Muenstermann
Summary: This study focuses on the issue of brittle fracture in safety-relevant components, such as nuclear reactor pressure vessels. It is found that macroscopic methods cannot reliably assess brittle failure under dynamic loading, due to adiabatic heating processes and local crack arrest events. A detailed study on the evaluation of local cleavage fracture models at elevated loading rates is not available. The present work applies a local model to various dynamic loading conditions and proposes a model adjustment to improve analysis results.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Er-yi Wang, Hao Chen, Bao-qing Sun, Hui Wang, Hui-Qi Qu, Yichuan Liu, Xi-zhuo Sun, Jingchun Qu, Zhang-fu Fang, Lifeng Tian, Yi-feng Zeng, Shau-Ku Huang, Hakon Hakonarson, Zhi-gang Liu
Summary: The study found that serum levels of TGF-beta 1 significantly increased in the early and middle stages of COVID-19 and were correlated with the levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and the APACHE II score in patients with severe disease. The findings suggest TGF-beta 1 may play a key role in COVID-19, based on the genetic association of the TGF-beta 1 activator THBS3 with severe COVID-19 identified by the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative.
Article
Orthopedics
Bin Sun, Huiqiao Wu, Jiajia Lu, Rongcheng Zhang, Xiaolong Shen, Yifei Gu, Changgui Shi, Ying Zhang, Wen Yuan
Summary: The study showed that Irisin therapy reduced bone fracture risk in OI mice by promoting osteogenesis and counteracting TGF-beta/Smad signaling. This suggests the potential of using Irisin as a therapeutic reagent to prevent the progression of OI.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRANSLATION
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yan Shi, Shang Wang, Weiwei Zhang, Yihan Zhu, Zhiqiang Fan, Yuesheng Huang, Furong Li, Ronghua Yang
Summary: This study reveals that hypoxic BMSCs can regulate the autophagy of epidermal cells through the HIF-1 alpha/TGF-beta 1/SMAD pathway, promoting the repair and healing of diabetic wounds.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Miao Song, Yilong Cui, Qi Wang, Xuliang Zhang, Jian Zhang, Menglin Liu, Yanfei Li
Summary: Rg3 can alleviate aluminum-induced bone impairment by activating the TGF-beta 1/Smad signaling pathway, providing protection to bones.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Kimone L. Fisher, Denelle Moodley, Kerishka Rajkumar-Bhugeloo, Omolara O. Baiyegunhi, Farina Karim, Hlumani Ndlovu, Thumbi Ndung'u, Mohlopheni J. Marakalala
Summary: Accurate diagnostic tools are urgently needed to distinguish latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) from active tuberculosis (TB). Recent studies have identified a group of cytokines that may serve as biomarkers of TB disease progression. This study found that IL-1RA, IL-6, and IP-10 were significantly more abundant in participants with active TB compared to those with LTBI, at both the protein and gene level.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Andrea Bonicelli, Tabitha Tay, Justin P. Cobb, Oliver R. Boughton, Ulrich Hansen, Richard L. Abel, Peter Zioupos
Summary: The study aimed to test the tissue level properties of clinically-relevant human bone samples from different groups. The results showed that fracture patients had significantly lower tissue, fibril, and mineral strain compared to the control group, regardless of treatment. The mineral content was also higher in fracture patients. Nanoindentation only showed significant differences in nanohardness among the three groups. There was a significant positive correlation between organic content and tissue level strain behavior. Therefore, synchrotron tensile tests proved to be a more effective approach for predicting fracture risk.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Micaela Berni, Alice Maria Brancato, Camilla Torriani, Valentina Bina, Salvatore Annunziata, Elena Cornella, Michelangelo Trucchi, Eugenio Jannelli, Mario Mosconi, Giulia Gastaldi, Laura Caliogna, Federico Alberto Grassi, Gianluigi Pasta
Summary: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is increasingly used in orthopedics practices to promote angiogenesis, fracture healing, and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. However, the cellular mechanisms during bone formation remain largely unknown. Factors such as wavelength, energy density, irradiation, and frequency of LLLT influence the cellular mechanisms, and the effects of LLLT vary according to cell types treated. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of the molecular pathways activated by LLLT and its effects on the bone healing process to improve its clinical application.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jiatong Liu, Jun Zhang, Xi Lin, Brendan F. Boyce, Hengwei Zhang, Lianping Xing
Summary: Cellular senescence plays an important role in fracture healing in aged mice. Senescent cells inhibit the growth and proliferation of mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) by expressing high levels of TGF-beta 1. The administration of senolytic drugs dasatinib plus quercetin can deplete senescent cells and accelerate fracture healing in aged mice.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Momoko Inoue, Yoshie Nagai-Yoshioka, Ryota Yamasaki, Tatsuo Kawamoto, Tatsuji Nishihara, Wataru Ariyoshi
Summary: TGF-beta 1 downregulates RANKL expression and the osteoclast-supporting activity of osteoblasts/stromal cells induced by D-3 and Dex through the degradation of RXR-alpha protein mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
D. Canoy, N. C. Harvey, D. Prieto-Alhambra, C. Cooper, H. E. Meyer, B. O. Asvold, M. Nazarzadeh, K. Rahimi
Summary: There are commonalities in the physiologic regulation of blood pressure and bone metabolism, with certain classes of antihypertensive drugs potentially affecting bone mineral density. Current evidence is insufficient to establish causal associations between blood pressure, blood pressure-lowering drugs, and bone health outcomes like osteoporosis and fractures. Advancements in study designs and analytical approaches provide opportunities for more detailed and reliable examination of the relationship between blood pressure and bone health. It is important to consider the strengths and limitations of different data sources and analytical techniques in order to advance our understanding of the impact of elevated blood pressure and its drug treatment on bone health outcomes.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tong Cheng, Zhusheng Chen, Yibin Qin, Xiang Zhu, Hongsheng Chen, Zhongling Xu, Xiaqing Ma
Summary: Morphine is commonly used and effective for pain relief, but its side effect of itching limits its clinical use. This paper discusses the potential of using esketamine to treat morphine-induced itching.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2024)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sung Eun Lee, Eunjung Park, Ji-yun Kim, HyukHoon Kim
Summary: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a potential therapeutic modality that has been recognized for its favorable mechanisms in various diseases, including sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). HBOT has neuroprotective effects through its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects as well as increased tissue oxygenation capacity. However, there are caveats and limitations in applying HBOT in sepsis.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2024)
