Article
Cell Biology
Alexander M. Ille, Hannah Lamont, Michael B. Mathews
Summary: Francis Crick proposed two fundamental principles in molecular biology: the Sequence Hypothesis and the Central Dogma. The Central Dogma states that once sequential information has passed into protein, it cannot get out again. While there are potential violations of the Central Dogma, protein synthesis and CRISPR gene-editing remain within its bounds.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA
(2022)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Thomas A. Holme
Summary: The new technologies for developing SARS-CoV-2 vaccines rely on cellular machinery that follows the central dogma of molecular biology, genetic flow of information. Although the overall system incorporates new ideas beyond molecular genetics, key components are chemical in nature. As the importance of promoting widespread vaccine acceptance for public health becomes more apparent, the potential necessity for enhanced education on the chemistry of the central dogma beyond traditional biochemistry and molecular biology classrooms is worth considering.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
(2021)
Review
Biophysics
Karola Gerecht, Niklas Freund, Wei Liu, Yang Liu, Maximilian J. L. J. Furst, Philipp Holliger
Summary: Synthetic biology aims to explore fundamental aspects of biological form and function by constructing and synthesizing rather than deconstructing and analyzing. It follows the lead of chemical sciences and provides novel approaches to answer biological questions and find solutions to global problems. This review focuses on the synthesis paradigm applied to nucleic acids in biological systems, including genome resynthesis, synthetic genetics, and the development of orthogonal biosystems and components.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOPHYSICS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Noriko Saito-Tarashima, Akiho Murai, Noriaki Minakawa
Summary: DNA and RNA, as essential molecules for storing and transmitting genetic information, have been challenged by the emergence of synthetic genetic polymers. The use of 4'-thioDNA and 4'-thioRNA has shown the potential to rewrite the central dogma and control life processes.
CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Kaito Seo, Norikazu Ichihashi
Summary: Recent advances in in vitro synthetic biology have made it possible to reconstitute various cellular functions in a test tube. This study aimed to identify a suitable condition to achieve all three reactions that constitute the central dogma: transcription, translation, and DNA replication. Factors such as dNTP, rNTP, and tRNA were found to have opposing effects on these reactions, which were partially alleviated by optimizing the magnesium concentration. This knowledge can be applied to the development of complex artificial systems and raises questions about how natural cells overcome the incompatibility between these reactions.
ACS SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biology
Si Ying Lim, Sharmelee Selvaraji, Hazel Lau, Sam Fong Yau Li
Summary: Despite significant advancements in disease diagnosis and treatment, coronary heart disease remains the leading cause of death globally. Omics studies, particularly in the fields of metabolomics and lipidomics, offer promising insights and potential biomarkers for CHD research, while glycomics and metallomics have yet to be extensively explored in this field. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the applications of omics beyond the central dogma in CHD research, highlighting areas for further exploration and development.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Vishnu Chandra Kumar, Rekha Pai
Summary: Histones are the chief protein component of DNA, maintaining chromatin structure and regulating gene expression by compacting DNA. Post-translational modifications in histone tails, such as methylation and acetylation, control chromatin remodeling and DNA methylation patterns. Mutations in histone genes can affect DNA methylation and gene expression, leading to neoplastic transformation. Recurrent H3.3 histone mutations are increasingly identified in malignancies and developmental disorders, shedding light on diseases associated with these mutations.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Christian S. Diercks, David A. Dik, Peter G. Schultz
Summary: The maturation of chemical synthesis during the 20th century elevated chemistry from largely empirical to a rational science, allowing chemists to purposefully craft matter at the molecular level and contribute to progress in neighboring natural sciences. The recent major advance in the field involves the interdisciplinary use of chemical and biological synthetic methods to alter biological macromolecules in ways previously unimaginable, expanding upon the defining characteristics of living organisms at the molecular level. One successful case study is the addition of new chemistries to the fundamental processes of the central dogma of molecular biology, exemplified by the expansion of the genetic code.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander M. Ille, Michael B. Mathews
Summary: In this article, we explore two applications of ChatGPT in the field of science: defining core biological concepts (the Central Dogma of molecular biology) and interpreting the genetic code. The study reveals the capabilities and limitations of ChatGPT.
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biology
Phei Er Saw, Xiaoding Xu, Jianing Chen, Er-Wei Song
Summary: Non-coding RNAs play crucial roles in cellular regulation and have been identified as key players in various networks, with both oncogenic and tumor suppressive functions in major cancers. Further understanding of ncRNAs could lead to more personalized therapeutic strategies.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
F. Veronica Greco, Amir Pandi, Tobias J. Erb, Claire S. Grierson, Thomas E. Gorochowski
Summary: Strict control of inducible gene expression is crucial in engineering biological systems to avoid leaky protein production and provide a large expression range. By regulating transcription and translation simultaneously, researchers successfully suppressed noise and created digital-like responses, maintaining a large expression range in vivo and in vitro.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ashley M. Bourke, Andre Schwarz, Erin M. Schuman
Summary: As our understanding of cellular processes deepens, we have recognized the localization and translation of mRNAs as important operations within cells. This review examines the features of localized mRNAs, their transport and localization mechanisms, and the regulation of this process. Additionally, it evaluates our current understanding of ribosomes and translation factors.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Markus Gressler, Nikolai A. Lohr, Tim Schafer, Stefanie Lawrinowitz, Paula Sophie Seibold, Dirk Hoffmeister
Summary: Mushroom-forming fungi of the division Basidiomycota have been traditionally known for producing structurally diverse and bioactive secondary metabolites, with recent advancements in -omics technologies and gene expression platforms accelerating research into the genetic and biochemical basis of biosynthesis. The experimentally confirmed natural product biosyntheses of basidiomycete polyketides, amino acid-derived products, terpenoids, and volatiles are discussed, along with specific challenges and solutions in natural product research with these fungi.
NATURAL PRODUCT REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Edgar Shaghoulian
Summary: This paper explores whether the central dogma of cosmological horizons has any support and proposes consistent answers with the quantum theory of de Sitter space, including a vanishing total entropy, an entropy of A/4G(N) on a single static patch, increasing entropy of a subregion as the region size grows, an island-like transition at half the horizon size, and a de Sitter version of the Hartman-Maldacena transition.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leonid A. Mirny
Summary: The study reveals that loop extrusion, essential for chromosome folding and function, also plays a crucial part in repairing double-strand DNA breaks.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tong Cheng, Zhusheng Chen, Yibin Qin, Xiang Zhu, Hongsheng Chen, Zhongling Xu, Xiaqing Ma
Summary: Morphine is commonly used and effective for pain relief, but its side effect of itching limits its clinical use. This paper discusses the potential of using esketamine to treat morphine-induced itching.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2024)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sung Eun Lee, Eunjung Park, Ji-yun Kim, HyukHoon Kim
Summary: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a potential therapeutic modality that has been recognized for its favorable mechanisms in various diseases, including sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). HBOT has neuroprotective effects through its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects as well as increased tissue oxygenation capacity. However, there are caveats and limitations in applying HBOT in sepsis.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2024)